本文關(guān)鍵詞： 氧化應(yīng)激 奶牛 繁殖性能 能量負(fù)平衡 卵泡發(fā)育 TOS TAS OSI　出處：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在奶牛養(yǎng)殖中,高產(chǎn)奶牛與低產(chǎn)奶牛相比,胎間距要長、情期受胎率低、繁殖疾病多。奶牛產(chǎn)犢以后,泌乳期開始,隨著產(chǎn)奶量的增加,奶牛對能量的需求大于能量的攝入,此時(shí)奶牛處于能量負(fù)平衡。為了滿足能量負(fù)平衡下的代謝需求,機(jī)體觸發(fā)了異化途徑,在細(xì)胞水平,增加了活性氧的產(chǎn)生,打亂了抗氧和促氧的平衡,出現(xiàn)氧化應(yīng)激。有研究推測,高產(chǎn)奶牛繁殖力差的情況,很可能是氧化應(yīng)激引起的。在關(guān)于小鼠的研究中,發(fā)現(xiàn)氧化應(yīng)激能夠影響小鼠的卵泡發(fā)育和早期胚胎發(fā)育,最終影響卵泡的正常發(fā)育和排出,并且導(dǎo)致早期胚胎死亡,受胎率降低。奶牛卵泡發(fā)育階段和早期胚胎發(fā)育階段是否也受氧化應(yīng)激影響,本試驗(yàn)旨在探究影響奶牛繁殖性能的影響因素,探究氧化應(yīng)激是否對奶牛卵泡發(fā)育和早期胚胎發(fā)育有不利影響。本試驗(yàn)選取了2胎,3胎,4胎健康的經(jīng)產(chǎn)牛,按照產(chǎn)奶量將奶牛分為大于7000kg的高產(chǎn)牛和小于5000kg的低產(chǎn)牛,本試驗(yàn)選取了胎間距,第一情期受胎率,胎次這三個繁殖指標(biāo),針對分組后的高產(chǎn)牛和低產(chǎn)牛的繁殖指標(biāo)進(jìn)行匯總分析,從而得到高產(chǎn)牛和低產(chǎn)牛之間的繁殖指標(biāo)差異情況。其次,通過B超對奶牛進(jìn)行直腸檢測,判斷卵泡發(fā)育情況,并在卵泡直徑為0.8cm,1.2cm,排卵,排卵后1天,第7天,和第13天時(shí)采集高產(chǎn)奶牛與低產(chǎn)奶牛的血清,檢測其總氧化指標(biāo)(TOS)和總還原指標(biāo)(TAS),來探究高低產(chǎn)奶牛之間的氧化還原狀況,并根據(jù)OSI (TOS/TAS)來判斷氧化應(yīng)激的強(qiáng)烈程度,從而判斷氧化應(yīng)激是否與奶牛繁殖指標(biāo)掛鉤,是否影響奶牛產(chǎn)后卵泡發(fā)育和早期胚胎發(fā)育,為提高奶牛繁殖力奠定基礎(chǔ)。結(jié)果表明：(1)隨著胎次的增加,高產(chǎn)牛的胎間距也就越大,而低產(chǎn)牛的胎間距增加的并不明顯。(2)隨著胎次的增加,高產(chǎn)牛產(chǎn)后的第一情期受胎率越來越低,而低產(chǎn)牛產(chǎn)后的第一情期受胎率降低的不明顯。(3)機(jī)體氧化還原平衡被打亂,氧化自由基產(chǎn)生過多時(shí),機(jī)體抗氧能力也會相應(yīng)提高來減弱氧化應(yīng)激的損傷。(4)高產(chǎn)奶牛在卵泡發(fā)育到0.8 cm,排卵階段和排卵后1天,排卵后第13天時(shí),氧化自由基含量顯著高于低產(chǎn)牛。(5)高產(chǎn)奶牛產(chǎn)后卵泡發(fā)育階段和早期胚胎發(fā)育階段,氧化應(yīng)激強(qiáng)度高于低產(chǎn)牛。隨著胎次的增加,高產(chǎn)奶牛的繁殖性能越來越低,而低產(chǎn)奶牛的繁殖性能則變化不顯著。
[Abstract]:In dairy cattle breeding, high-yielding cows have longer spacing, lower conception rate and more reproductive diseases than low-yield cows. After calving, the lactation period begins, and with the increase of milk production, the energy demand of cows is greater than the energy intake. In order to meet the metabolic requirements of negative energy balance, the body triggers the dissimilation pathway, which increases the production of reactive oxygen at the cellular level and disrupts the balance between oxygen resistance and oxygen promotion. Oxidative stress. Some studies have speculated that the poor reproductive capacity of high-yielding cows may be caused by oxidative stress. In the study of mice, it was found that oxidative stress can affect follicular development and early embryonic development in mice. Ultimately, it affects the normal development and excretion of follicles, and results in the death of early embryos and the decrease of conception rate. Whether the follicular development and early embryonic development in cows are also affected by oxidative stress, The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the reproductive performance of dairy cows and whether oxidative stress had adverse effects on follicle development and early embryo development. According to the milk yield, the cows were divided into high yield cattle with more than 7 000 kg and low yield cattle with less than 5 000 kg. In this experiment, three reproductive indexes were selected, namely, the spacing of the fetus, the conception rate of the first estrous period, and the birth order. The reproductive indexes of high-yield cattle and low-yield cattle were collected and analyzed, and the difference of reproductive indexes between high-yield cattle and low-yield cattle was obtained. Secondly, the follicle development was judged by rectal examination of cows by B-ultrasound. The follicle diameter was 0.8cm ~ 1.2cm, ovulation, ovulation, and serum samples of high-yield and low-yield cows were collected on day 1, day 7 and day 13 after ovulation, and the total oxidation index (TOS) and total reduction index (TAS) were detected to investigate the redox status between high and low birth cows. The intensity of oxidative stress was judged according to OSI / TOS / TAS, so as to determine whether oxidative stress was related to the reproductive index of dairy cows, whether it affected postpartum follicle development and early embryo development of cows. The results showed that with the increase of birth order, the spacing of high yield cattle increased, while that of low yield cattle did not increase obviously with the increase of birth order. The conception rate of the first estrous period of the high-yielding cattle is lower and lower, while the conception rate of the low-yielding cattle in the first estrous period after delivery is not obviously reduced. 3) the redox balance of the body is disturbed, and when the oxidation free radical is too much, the redox balance of the body is disturbed. The ability of body to resist oxygen will also be increased accordingly to reduce oxidative stress damage.) High-yielding cows develop to 0.8 cm in follicle development, ovulation stage and 1 day after ovulation, and 13 days after ovulation. The content of oxidized free radical was significantly higher than that of low yield cattle.) the content of oxidized free radical was significantly higher than that of low yield cow during postpartum follicle development and early embryo development, and the intensity of oxidative stress was higher than that of low yield cow. However, the reproductive performance of low yield cows did not change significantly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S823

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