本文關鍵詞： 新疆褐牛公牛 荷斯坦公牛 生長性狀 日增重 PPARγ基因 MYF5基因 AGPAT5基因　出處：《寧夏大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本研究選擇新疆褐牛(54頭)、中國荷斯坦公牛(15頭)、新疆褐牛去勢牛(30頭)為試驗材料進行生長性狀(日增重、體尺)對比分析;同時對肌肉調(diào)節(jié)因子5(MYF5)、過氧化物酶體增殖激活受體基因(PPARγ)及磷酸甘油�；D(zhuǎn)移酶(AGPAT)3個基因遺傳多態(tài)與生長性狀進行關聯(lián)分析,所得結(jié)果如下:(1)通過對三組試驗牛體尺的比較研究發(fā)現(xiàn),荷斯坦公牛的胸圍、胸寬均小于同月齡的新疆褐牛公牛,而十字部高高于新疆褐牛公牛。新疆褐牛去勢牛的主要體尺數(shù)據(jù)均低于同月齡的新疆褐牛公牛。在飼養(yǎng)過程中14月齡之前三組試驗牛日增重曲線較相似,14月齡之后荷斯坦公牛的日增重上升,而新疆褐牛公牛和行將和牛去勢牛的日增重在下降。組內(nèi)體尺比較發(fā)現(xiàn)除胸圍和體長外,胸寬對體重及日增重有極顯著影響。(2)測序及RFLP試驗發(fā)現(xiàn),PPARγ、MYF5及AGPAT三個基因在不同位點共有10處多態(tài)位點。SNP1(PPARγ基因外顯子7的G74T突變)的AB基因型與胸圍、體重和日增重顯著相關;SNP2(PPARγ基因內(nèi)含子2的G133C、C170T突變)的AB基因型與體長、胸圍、體重及日增重極顯著相關。SNP3(MYF5基因外顯子1的T236C突變)的AB基因型與體長、胸圍顯著相關。SNP4(MYF5基因內(nèi)含子1的A633G突變)的AA基因型與胸寬顯著相關。SNP5(AGPAT5基因內(nèi)含子3的G501C、G515T和G550T突變)的AB和AA基因型與體長、胸圍胸寬、體重以及日增重顯著相關。SNP6(AGPAT5基因外顯子7的G72A、A97G突變)的AA和AB基因型與胸圍、胸寬、體重和日增重顯著相關。6個SNPs位點的多態(tài)性分析發(fā)現(xiàn)符合哈代溫伯格平衡定律并且屬于中度多態(tài)的只有SNP2和SNP5。SNP2位點的AB基因型個體的體長、胸圍以及體重、日增重都顯著高于AA和BB基因型個體(P0.05)。SNP5位點的AB和AA基因型個體的體長、胸圍、胸寬以及體重、日增重顯著高于BB基因型個體(P0.05)。(3)基因組型分析發(fā)現(xiàn)PPARγ-exon7(74)-intron2(133、170)基因中GCC基因組型的個體為優(yōu)勢基因組型個體。MYF5-exonl(236)-intronl(633)基因的CG基因組型的個體為優(yōu)勢基因組型個體。AGPAT5-exon7(72、97)-intron3(501、515、550)基因的GTGGG基因組型個體為優(yōu)勢基因組型個體。上述結(jié)果對后續(xù)新疆褐牛公牛的選育及基因組選擇提供了依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In this study, 54 Xinjiang brown cattle, 15 Chinese Holstein bulls and 30 ovariectomized Xinjiang brown cattle were selected for comparative analysis of growth traits (daily gain, body size). At the same time, the genetic polymorphisms of myF5, PPAR 緯 and AGPAT3 were analyzed. The results are as follows: (1) by comparing the body measurements of the three groups of oxen, it was found that the chest circumference and chest width of Holstein bulls were smaller than those of Xinjiang brown oxen of the same age. The main body size data of Xinjiang brown cattle castrated cattle were lower than that of Xinjiang brown cattle of the same age. The daily gain curve of the three groups of cattle before 14 months of age was similar to that of 14 months old. The daily gain of the Holstein bulls rose, However, the daily gain of Xinjiang brown bull and upcoming and ovariectomized cattle decreased. In addition to chest circumference and body length, There were significant effects of chest width on body weight and daily gain.) sequencing and RFLP test showed that there were 10 G74T mutations in exon 7 of PPAR- 緯 MYF5 and AGPAT at different loci) (AB genotype and chest circumference). There was significant correlation between body weight and daily gain (AB genotype and body length of G133CfC170T mutation in intron 2 of SNP2PPAR 緯 gene), chest circumference, body weight and daily gain (ADG) of AB genotype and body length of SNP2MYF5 gene exon 1 (T236C mutation). The AA genotype of SNP4MYF5 gene intron 1 (A633G mutation) was significantly correlated with the breast width of SNP5AGPAT5 gene intron 3 (G501CG515T and G550T mutation), the AB and AA genotypes and body length, chest width, and chest width of SNP4MYF5 gene intron 1), and the A633G mutation in intron 1 of SNP4MYF5 gene were significantly correlated with the breast width. Body weight and daily gain were significantly associated with AA and AB genotypes and chest circumference and chest width in exon 7 of the SNP6 AGPAT5 gene. There was significant correlation between body weight and daily gain. Polymorphic analysis of 6 SNPs loci showed that only SNP2 and SNP5.SNP2 genotype AB individuals with moderate polymorphism were found to be in accordance with Hardy Weinberg's equilibrium law, including body length, chest circumference and body weight. Daily gain was significantly higher than the body length, chest circumference, chest width and body weight of AB and AA genotypes at P0.05 and SNP5 loci of AA and BB genotypes. Daily gain was significantly higher than that of BB genotypes (P0.05N. Y3) Genomic pattern Analysis found that the GTGGG gene of PPAR 緯 -exon7n7O74, intron2133n170) gene was the dominant genome-type individual. MYF5-exonlonl236- intronlene (633) gene was the dominant genome-type individual. AGPAT5-exon7O772O997 -intron3501r-intron3501n515550) gene was found to be the GTGGG gene of the genome type of CG-genome-type of GCC 緯 -exon7on 774, intron3501r-intron515550). The results provided a basis for the selection and selection of the genome of Xinjiang Brown cattle bull.
【學位授予單位】：寧夏大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S823

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