本文關(guān)鍵詞： 大腸桿菌 犬源 生物學(xué)特性 系統(tǒng)發(fā)育組 PMQR基因　出處：《石河子大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：為了解新疆石河子地區(qū)的犬源大腸桿菌質(zhì)粒介導(dǎo)喹諾酮類耐藥(PMQR)基因的流行現(xiàn)狀與分布,無(wú)菌采集三家動(dòng)物醫(yī)院腹瀉與健康寵物犬的肛拭子,分別進(jìn)行細(xì)菌分離鑒定、生化鑒定、16SrDNA擴(kuò)增,并對(duì)14種臨床常用抗菌藥物進(jìn)行耐藥性檢測(cè)。同時(shí)利用PCR技術(shù)對(duì)系統(tǒng)發(fā)育組分群以及篩查犬源大腸桿菌喹諾酮類耐藥基因。研究結(jié)果如下:1.對(duì)新疆石河子三家動(dòng)物醫(yī)院的75份腹瀉與健康寵物犬的肛拭子樣品進(jìn)行分離鑒定與16SrDNA擴(kuò)增,共獲得63株大腸桿菌。其中來(lái)自腹瀉犬有45株,健康犬18株,總分離率達(dá)84.0%。溶血性與致病性試驗(yàn)表明,具有β型溶血的分離株主要來(lái)自于腹瀉犬的樣品。大腸桿菌純培養(yǎng)物經(jīng)腹腔接種于小鼠后發(fā)現(xiàn),呈β型溶血的分離株能使小鼠在50 h之內(nèi)全部死亡。2.對(duì)63株犬源大腸桿菌使用多重PCR進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)發(fā)育組分群,發(fā)現(xiàn)分離株主要分布在A組(28株,44.44%),其次是B2組(22株,34.92%)和D組(10株,15.87%),極少數(shù)在B1組(3株,4.76%)。同時(shí)分布在B2與D組的犬源大腸桿菌(32株,50.79%)幾乎全部具有致病性。3.選擇14種常用抗生素進(jìn)行耐藥性檢測(cè)。結(jié)果表明,對(duì)四環(huán)素的耐藥率最高,達(dá)85.71%(54/63);其次是林可霉素和恩諾沙星,耐藥率分別為73.02%(46/63)和68.25%(43/63);分離株對(duì)氟苯尼考最敏感,僅占4.76%(3/63)。其它抗菌藥物的耐藥率分布在17.46%~65.10%。耐4種藥物及以上的分離株占80.95%(51/63);對(duì)9種抗菌藥物有耐藥性的菌株數(shù)量最多,占44.44%(28/63);其次是耐6種藥物的菌株占36.51%(23/63)。對(duì)14種藥物均耐藥的比例為3.17%(2/63),對(duì)14種藥物均敏感的比例為4.76%(3/63)。4.對(duì)7種喹諾酮類耐藥基因進(jìn)行PCR檢測(cè),qnr基因檢出率為36.51%(23/63)。其中qnr A基因檢出率最多,占20.63%(13/63);其次是qnr S基因,檢出率為11.11%(7/63);qnr C和qnr D基因的檢出率分別為3.17%(2/63)和1.59%(1/63)。對(duì)aac(6’)-Ib基因的檢出率為12.70%(8/63)。未檢出qnr B基因和qeq A基因。其中含有2種基因的分離株有11株(17.46%);同時(shí)含有3種PMQR基因的分離株有1株,檢出率占1.59%。本研究首次對(duì)新疆石河子地區(qū)犬源大腸桿菌的PMQR基因進(jìn)行檢測(cè),擴(kuò)展了質(zhì)粒介導(dǎo)的犬源大腸桿菌喹諾酮類耐藥基因的流行病學(xué)資料,為研究犬源大腸桿菌耐藥性提供數(shù)據(jù)支持,同時(shí)也為獸醫(yī)臨床上正確選擇喹諾酮類藥物防治犬細(xì)菌性疾病提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the prevalence and distribution of PMQR gene mediated by plasmid in canine Escherichia coli (E.coli) in Shihezi area Xinjiang the anal swabs of diarrhea and healthy pet dogs in three animal hospitals were collected. Isolation and identification of bacteria, biochemical identification of 16s rDNA amplification. At the same time, PCR technique was used to detect phylogenetic groups and to screen canine Escherichia coli quinolones resistance genes. The results were as follows:. 1. 75 rectal swab samples of diarrhea and healthy pet dogs from three animal hospitals in Shihezi, Xinjiang were isolated and identified and 16s rDNA amplification was performed. A total of 63 strains of Escherichia coli were obtained, of which 45 were from diarrhea dogs and 18 from healthy dogs. The total isolation rate was 84.0. Hemolytic and pathogenicity tests showed. The isolated strains with beta hemolysis were mainly from the samples of diarrhea dogs. The pure culture of Escherichia coli was found in mice after intraperitoneal inoculation. 尾-hemolysis strain could make all mice die within 50 hours. 63 strains of Escherichia coli were divided by multiple PCR. It was found that the isolates were mainly distributed in group A (28 strains), followed by B 2 group (22 strains) and D group (10 strains), and a few in group B1 (3 strains). 4.76. 32 strains of Escherichia coli were distributed in group B2 and group D at the same time. The results showed that the resistance rate of tetracycline to tetracycline was the highest (85.71% 54 / 63). The resistance rates of lincomycin and enrofloxacin were 73.022 / 63 and 68.25 / 63 / 63, respectively. The isolates were most sensitive to florfenicol. The drug resistance rate of other antimicrobial agents was 17.46 and 65.103.The isolates with resistance to 4 or more drugs accounted for 80.955.51 / 63; The number of strains resistant to 9 antimicrobial agents was the most, accounting for 44.44% 28 / 63%; The next one was resistant to 6 drugs (36.51%). The proportion of drug resistance to 14 drugs was 3.17% (2 / 63). The rate of sensitivity to all 14 drugs was 4.76%. 7 quinolones resistant genes were detected by PCR. The detection rate of qnr gene was 36.51 / 23 / 63. The detection rate of qnr A gene was the highest (20.63%). The detection rate of qnr S gene was 11.11%. The detection rate of qnr C gene and qnr D gene were 3.17 and 1.590.The detection rate of aac(6')-Ib gene was 12.70% (P < 0.05). Qnr B gene and qeq A gene were not detected. At the same time, there was one isolate containing three PMQR genes, the detection rate was 1.59.The PMQR gene of canine Escherichia coli in Shihezi area of Xinjiang was detected for the first time in this study. The epidemiological data of canine Escherichia coli quinolones resistance genes mediated by plasmid were expanded to provide data support for the study of canine Escherichia coli resistance. It also provides scientific basis for the correct selection of quinolones in veterinary clinic for the prevention and treatment of canine bacterial diseases.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石河子大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S852.61

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