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  本文關鍵詞： 育肥豬 淀粉 生長性能 胴體性能 肉品質　出處：《西北農林科技大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：淀粉是谷物類飼料碳水化合物的主要成分,也是動物體所需能量的主要來源,占養(yǎng)殖生產成本的50%以上。但研究表明,淀粉由于來源、組成及結構不同,其在動物體內消化的速度和部位存在差異,且能量供應方式也不同,因而它們的供能效率也不同。本試驗旨在研究不同來源淀粉對生長育肥豬生長性能、胴體性能及其肉品質的影響。選取15頭健康的PIC育肥豬,隨機分成3個組,每組5個重復;第1組飼喂玉米淀粉作為對照組,2組飼喂添加50%土豆淀粉,3組飼喂糯米淀粉的日糧,飼養(yǎng)期3個月。測定結果如下:1、生長性能:試驗全期,玉米淀粉組料重比為2.84±0.07,顯著低于土豆淀粉組、糯米淀粉組(P0.05);玉米淀粉組平均日增重為890.00±50.00 g,顯著高于土豆淀粉組、糯米淀粉組(P0.05);平均日采食量,三個處理均無顯著差異(P0.05)。2、胴體性能:與玉米淀粉組相比,土豆淀粉組顯著降低了體斜長和脂肪率(P0.05),顯著提高了瘦肉率(P0.05),且極顯著降低了皮率(P0.01);糯米淀粉組顯著降低了眼肌面積(P0.05),極顯著提高了骨骼率(P0.01),顯著降低了皮率(P0.05)。土豆淀粉組的心臟重和肝臟重極顯著低于玉米淀粉組和糯米淀粉組(P0.01),玉米淀粉組的脾臟重顯著低于土豆和糯米淀粉組(P0.05)。3、肉品質:土豆淀粉組的剪切力極顯著低于玉米和糯米淀粉組(P0.01),且熟肉率顯著高于糯米淀粉組(P0.05);糯米淀粉組的肌內脂肪含量顯著低于玉米淀粉組(P0.05),油酸含量顯著高于玉米和土豆淀粉組(P0.05),土豆淀粉組的多不飽和脂肪酸的含量顯著高于玉米和糯米淀粉組(P0.05)。綜上所述,育肥豬飼喂玉米淀粉生長性能最佳。玉米淀粉利于脂肪沉積,土豆淀粉利于肌肉發(fā)育,糯米淀粉利于骨骼生長;土豆淀粉降低了心臟和肝臟重量;土豆淀粉可以改善動物體肉品質。
[Abstract]:Starch is the main component of carbohydrates in cereals and the main source of energy needed by animals and animals, which accounts for more than 50% of the production cost. However, the research shows that starch is different in composition and structure due to its source. There are differences in digestion speed and position in animals, and their energy supply modes are also different, so their energy supply efficiency is also different. The purpose of this study was to study the growth performance of different starch sources on growing and fattening pigs. 15 healthy PIC fattening pigs were randomly divided into 3 groups with 5 replicates in each group. The first group was fed with corn starch as the control group and the second group was fed the diet supplemented with 50% potato starch. The feeding period was 3 months. The results were as follows: 1. Growth performance: the whole period of the experiment. The feed weight ratio of corn starch group was 2.84 鹵0.07, which was significantly lower than that of potato starch group and glutinous rice starch group (P 0.05). The average daily gain of corn starch group was 890.00 鹵50.00 g, which was significantly higher than that of potato starch group and glutinous rice starch group (P 0.05). There was no significant difference in average daily feed intake among the three treatments. Carcass performance: compared with corn starch group, potato starch group significantly decreased body oblique length and fat rate (P 0.05). The lean meat percentage was significantly increased (P 0.05), and the skin percentage was significantly decreased (P 0.01). Glutinous rice starch group significantly decreased the eye muscle area (P0.05), and significantly increased the bone rate (P0.01). The heart weight and liver weight of potato starch group were significantly lower than that of corn starch group and glutinous rice starch group (P 0.01). The spleen weight of corn starch group was significantly lower than that of potato and glutinous rice starch group, and the meat quality: the shear force of potato starch group was significantly lower than that of corn and glutinous rice starch group (P 0.01). The cooked meat rate was significantly higher than that of glutinous rice starch group (P 0.05). The content of intramuscular fat in glutinous rice starch group was significantly lower than that in corn starch group, and the content of oleic acid in glutinous rice starch group was significantly higher than that in corn and potato starch group (P 0.05). The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in potato starch group was significantly higher than that in corn and glutinous rice starch group. Potato starch is good for muscle development, glutinous rice starch is good for bone growth; Potato starch reduced the weight of the heart and liver; Potato starch can improve the meat quality of animals.
【學位授予單位】：西北農林科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S828.5

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