本文關(guān)鍵詞：復(fù)合營養(yǎng)調(diào)控劑對(duì)冷季放牧綿羊補(bǔ)飼的應(yīng)用效果研究　出處：《石河子大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 精粗比 體外發(fā)酵 放牧綿羊 復(fù)合營養(yǎng)調(diào)控劑 生長性能 屠宰性能 血清指標(biāo) 肉品質(zhì)

【摘要】：目的:綠色無污染的添加劑在畜牧生產(chǎn)中已經(jīng)廣泛應(yīng)用,本論文研究了以蘋果酸、半胱胺和糖萜素配制的復(fù)合營養(yǎng)調(diào)控劑對(duì)冷季放牧綿羊生長性能、屠宰性能、血清生化指標(biāo)、肉品質(zhì)的影響,同時(shí)全面系統(tǒng)地分析了日糧中不同精粗比的條件下,復(fù)合營養(yǎng)調(diào)控劑對(duì)放牧綿羊瘤胃微生物體外發(fā)酵的影響,為放牧綿羊科學(xué)補(bǔ)飼,合理的營養(yǎng)調(diào)控,開發(fā)環(huán)保型營養(yǎng)調(diào)控劑等方面提供參考依據(jù)。方法:本論文由四個(gè)試驗(yàn)組成:試驗(yàn)一采用兩因素交叉設(shè)計(jì),進(jìn)行體外發(fā)酵試驗(yàn)。試驗(yàn)二、試驗(yàn)三、試驗(yàn)四均采用單因素完全隨機(jī)區(qū)組設(shè)計(jì),且在相同的營養(yǎng)模式和飼喂模式下進(jìn)行。試驗(yàn)一:復(fù)合營養(yǎng)調(diào)控劑在不同精粗比條件下,研究其對(duì)綿羊瘤胃體外發(fā)酵的影響。因素一為不同發(fā)酵底物,分別是粗料組(Ⅰ組);粗料+基礎(chǔ)精料組(Ⅱ組);粗料+基礎(chǔ)精料+復(fù)合配方1組(Ⅲ組);粗料+基礎(chǔ)精料+復(fù)合配方2組(Ⅳ組),因素二為不同精粗比,分別是3:7、4:6、5:5、6:4、7:3。水浴搖床培養(yǎng)72小時(shí)后測定發(fā)酵液pH值、氨態(tài)氮濃度及產(chǎn)氣量等指標(biāo)。試驗(yàn)二:研究復(fù)合營養(yǎng)調(diào)控劑對(duì)冷季放牧綿羊生長性能、屠宰性能的影響。選取健康無病、體重相近的7月齡放牧母羊48只,隨機(jī)分為4組,分別為不補(bǔ)飼組(Ⅰ組);補(bǔ)飼基礎(chǔ)精料組(Ⅱ組);補(bǔ)飼基礎(chǔ)精料+復(fù)合配方1組(Ⅲ組);補(bǔ)飼基礎(chǔ)精料+復(fù)合配方2組(Ⅳ組),試驗(yàn)期45天,預(yù)飼期5天,正飼期40天。正飼期第1天、第40天進(jìn)行空腹稱重,計(jì)算ADG,第40天稱重后屠宰,測定胴體重,計(jì)算屠宰率、凈肉率等指標(biāo)。試驗(yàn)三:研究復(fù)合營養(yǎng)調(diào)控劑對(duì)冷季放牧綿羊血清生化指標(biāo)的影響。在試驗(yàn)二的基礎(chǔ)上,屠宰當(dāng)天頸靜脈采集48只試驗(yàn)羊血清,測定血清中GPT、GOT、Glu、TP、ALB、TC、TG、IgG等指標(biāo)。試驗(yàn)四:研究復(fù)合營養(yǎng)調(diào)控劑對(duì)冷季放牧綿羊肉品質(zhì)的影響。在試驗(yàn)三的基礎(chǔ)上,采集左邊胴體背最長肌肌肉樣品。對(duì)比分析測定肉樣水分、DM、EE、CP、Ash、pH值、失水率、剪切力、氨基酸等指標(biāo)。結(jié)果:試驗(yàn)一:隨著精粗比例的增加,pH值、NH3-N濃度下降,且精粗比為4:6時(shí),試驗(yàn)Ⅲ組較Ⅱ組、Ⅳ組分別降低3.23%(P0.05)、2.22%(P0.05);乙酸濃度、乙/丙值、甲烷排出等隨著精料比列增加呈下降趨勢,丙酸呈升高趨勢。試驗(yàn)二:試驗(yàn)Ⅲ組末重最高,較Ⅱ組和Ⅳ組分別提高6.26%(P0.05)、3.69%(P0.05);試驗(yàn)Ⅲ組平均日增重最高,較Ⅱ組和Ⅳ組分別提高26.32%(P0.01)、5.74%(P0.05)。試驗(yàn)Ⅲ組的屠宰率較Ⅱ組提高4.68%(P0.05);試驗(yàn)Ⅲ組的凈肉率較Ⅰ組、Ⅱ組和Ⅳ組分別提高18.46%(P0.05)、10.97%(P0.05)和4.40%(P0.05);試驗(yàn)Ⅲ組的胴體凈肉重較Ⅰ組、Ⅱ組和Ⅳ組分別提高49.74%(P0.01)、13.22%(P0.05)和18.27%(P0.05);試驗(yàn)Ⅲ組的胴體凈肉率較Ⅰ組、Ⅱ組和Ⅳ組分別提高10.42(P0.01)、6.00%(P0.05)和3.37%(P0.05)。試驗(yàn)三:在血清GLU、Ca、P、HDL、LDL、GPT、IgG含量中,試驗(yàn)Ⅰ組、Ⅱ組、Ⅳ組和Ⅲ組依次呈上升趨勢,而其A/G、TG含量依次呈下降趨勢。試驗(yàn)四:試驗(yàn)Ⅲ組的粗脂肪比Ⅰ組提高27.92%(P0.05),比Ⅱ組和Ⅳ組分別提高16.67%(P0.05)和7.85%(P0.05);試驗(yàn)Ⅲ組的粗蛋白質(zhì)比Ⅰ組提高7.35%(P0.05),比Ⅱ組和Ⅳ組分別提高3.94%(P0.05)和2.49%(P0.05);補(bǔ)飼組的剪切力均低于未補(bǔ)飼組(P0.01),試驗(yàn)Ⅲ組較Ⅱ組降低3.98%(P0.05)。試驗(yàn)Ⅳ組的脯氨酸較Ⅰ組和Ⅱ組分別提高38.34%(P0.01)和22.75%(P0.05),試驗(yàn)Ⅲ組的脯氨酸較Ⅰ組和Ⅱ組分別提高19.63%(P0.05)和6.15%(P0.05);其余氨基酸在各組之間無顯著差異(P0.05)。結(jié)論:(1)不同精粗比發(fā)酵產(chǎn)物中,補(bǔ)飼復(fù)合營養(yǎng)調(diào)控劑組可降低NH3-N濃度、乙酸濃度、乙/丙值、甲烷產(chǎn)出,同時(shí)升高丙酸濃度,說明復(fù)合營養(yǎng)調(diào)控劑可改善瘤胃發(fā)酵類型,其中預(yù)混料中添加0.30%蘋果酸、0.06%半胱胺、0.08%糖萜素的復(fù)合營養(yǎng)調(diào)控劑組(試驗(yàn)Ⅲ組)作用效果最佳。(2)復(fù)合營養(yǎng)調(diào)控劑可提高冷季放牧綿羊的平均日增重,提高放牧綿羊生產(chǎn)力,改善其屠宰性能,其中預(yù)混料中添加0.30%蘋果酸、0.06%半胱胺、0.08%糖萜素的復(fù)合營養(yǎng)調(diào)控劑組(試驗(yàn)Ⅲ組)作用效果最佳。(3)復(fù)合營養(yǎng)調(diào)控劑可改善放牧綿羊免疫性能,提高其抗病能力,改善綿羊血清中葡萄糖、脂類、蛋白質(zhì)等的含量,其中預(yù)混料中添加0.30%蘋果酸、0.06%半胱胺、0.08%糖萜素的復(fù)合營養(yǎng)調(diào)控劑組(試驗(yàn)Ⅲ組)作用效果最佳。(4)復(fù)合營養(yǎng)調(diào)控劑可改善綿羊肉質(zhì)中粗脂肪、粗蛋白質(zhì)和剪切力,提高綿羊肌內(nèi)氨基酸含量,改善嫩度風(fēng)味和營養(yǎng)價(jià)值,其中預(yù)混料中添加0.30%蘋果酸、0.06%半胱胺、0.08%糖萜素的復(fù)合營養(yǎng)調(diào)控劑組(試驗(yàn)Ⅲ組)作用效果最佳。
[Abstract]:Objective: green pollution-free additives have been widely used in animal husbandry, this paper studied the effect of compound nutrition additives to malic acid, cysteamine and Saccharicterpenin preparation on grazing sheep in cold season growth performance, slaughter performance, meat quality, serum biochemical indexes, with comprehensive and systematic analysis of the conditions different ratio of concentrate to roughage diets, the influence of compound nutrition additives on Fermentation of sheep rumen microorganisms in vitro, for grazing sheep scientific feeding, nutrition regulation reasonable and provide reference for the development of environmentally friendly nutrition additives etc.. Methods: This paper was composed of four experiments: the first one was the cross design of two factors, and the experiment was carried out in vitro. Test two, test three, and test four were designed with a single factor completely randomized block, and were carried out in the same nutrition model and feeding mode. Experiment 1: the effect of compound nutrition regulator on rumen fermentation in vitro was studied under the conditions of different concentrate ratio. The first factor is different fermentation substrate, namely coarse material group (group I), coarse material + basic concentrate group (Group II), coarse material + basic concentrate + compound formula 1 group (Group III), coarse material + basic concentrate + compound formula 2 group (Group IV), the factor is two different concentrate and rough ratio, they are 3:7, 4:6, 5:5, 6:4 and 7:3 respectively. The pH value of the fermentation broth, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and the gas yield of the fermentation broth were measured after 72 hours of water bath culture. Test two: the effects of compound nutrition regulator on the growth performance and slaughter performance of sheep in cold season were studied. Healthy disease-free and weight were 7 month old grazing 48 ewes, were randomly divided into 4 groups, were not feeding group (group I); supplement based concentrate group (Group II); feeding based concentrate + compound formula 1 group (Group III); feeding concentrate and composite foundation group 2 (Group IV), the test period of 45 days, pre feeding period of 5 days, the experimental period was 40 days. The experimental period was first days, fortieth days of fasting weighing, calculation of ADG, weighing fortieth days after slaughter, determination of carcass weight, slaughter rate, net meat rate calculation index. Test three: the effect of compound nutrition regulator on serum biochemical indexes of sheep in cold season grazing sheep was studied. On the basis of test two, 48 sheep sera were collected from the jugular vein on the day of slaughter, and the serum levels of GPT, GOT, Glu, TP, ALB, TC, TG and IgG were measured. Experiment four: the effect of compound nutrition regulator on the meat quality of sheep in cold season was studied. On the basis of test three, the muscle samples of the longest muscle of the left carcass were collected. Comparative analysis of determination of moisture, DM, EE, meat CP, Ash, pH value, water loss rate, shear stress, amino acid index. Results: experiment one: with the increase of roughage ratio, pH value, NH3-N concentration decreased, and the ratio of concentrate to roughage is 4:6, the test group compared with group II III and IV group were decreased by 3.23% (P0.05), 2.22% (P0.05); acetic acid concentration, B / C value, with the proportion of methane discharge concentrate increased decreased, propionic acid increased. Experiment two: test group III had the highest weight at the end, increased 6.26% (P0.05) and 3.69% (P0.05) compared with group II and group IV, and the average daily gain of group III was the highest, which was 26.32% (P0.01) and 5.74% (P0.05) higher than group II and group IV, respectively. The test group slaughter rate than group II increased by 4.68% (P0.05); net meat rate than the test group III group and IV group were increased by 18.46% (P0.05), 10.97% (P0.05) and 4.40% (P0.05); group III test carcass net meat weight than group I and group II and IV group were increased by 49.74% (P0.01), 13.22% (P0.05) and 18.27% (P0.05); group III test carcass net meat rate than group I and group II and IV group were increased by 10.42 (P0.01), 6% (P0.05) and 3.37% (P0.05). Experiment three: in the content of serum GLU, Ca, P, HDL, LDL, GPT and IgG, the test group I, group II, group IV and group III showed an upward trend in turn, while the A/G and TG contents showed a downward trend in turn. Experiment four: crude fat test group III were 27.92% higher than that of group I (P0.05), were increased by 16.67% than group II and group IV (P0.05) and 7.85% (P0.05); crude protein test group III were 7.35% higher than that of group I (P0.05), were increased by 3.94% than group II and Group IV (P0.05) and 2.49% (P0.05); shear force feeding group were lower than those of non feeding group (P0.01), test group than group II III decreased 3.98% (P0.05). Compared with group I and group II, proline of group IV increased by 38.34% (P0.01) and 22.75% (P0.05), respectively. The proline of group III increased by 19.63% (P0.05) and 6.15% (P0.05) compared with group I and group II, and there was no significant difference in other amino acids between groups (P0.05). Conclusion: (1) the different ratio of concentrate to roughage fermentation product, feeding compound nutrition additives can decrease the NH3-N concentration, the concentration of acetic acid, ethylene / propylene, methane output, and increase the concentration of propionic acid, indicating that the composite nutrition agent can improve rumen fermentation type, the premix added 0.30% malic acid, 0.06% cysteamine 0.08%, Saccharic-terpenin composite nutrition additives group (test group) the effect of the best. (2) composite nutrition additives can improve the average daily gain of grazing sheep in cold season, improve the productivity of grazing sheep, improve the slaughter performance and the premix added 0.30% malic acid, 0.06% cysteamine, 0.08% Sacchariterpenin compound nutrition additives group (test group) the effect of the best. (3) composite nutrition additives can improve the immune function of grazing sheep, improve the disease resistant ability, improve the content of glucose, lipid and protein in sheep serum, the premix added 0.30% malic acid, 0.06% cysteamine, 0.08% Sacchariterpenin compound nutrition additives group (test group) the effect of the best. (4) composite nutrition additives can improve the sheep meat quality of crude fat, crude protein and shear stress, increase the content of amino acid in sheep muscle tenderness, improve the flavor and nutritional value, the premix added 0.30% malic acid, 0.06% cysteamine, 0.08% sugar compound nutrients control agent group (test group the effect of the best).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石河子大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：S826.5

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 青海省牧科院耗牛課題組;張洪武;趙義斌;雷煥章;;牦牛及雜種牛冷季放牧生態(tài)反應(yīng)的研究[J];中國牦牛;1985年03期

2 王鴻運(yùn);才讓東主;孫_g;王桂蘭;雅文海;朱守域;劉信;才郎東周;;英得爾草場冷季天然牧草限制綿羊生產(chǎn)性能的因素及改善措施探討 五、莞根青貯添加尿素冷季補(bǔ)喂綿羊的若干問題討論與建議[J];青海畜牧獸醫(yī)雜志;1983年06期

3 王鴻運(yùn);孫_g;才讓東主;朱守域;;英得爾草場冷季天然牧草限制綿羊生產(chǎn)性能的因素及改善措施的探討——七、衡量綿羊冷季補(bǔ)飼的指標(biāo)[J];青海畜牧獸醫(yī)雜志;1984年05期

4 楊菊清,王瑞金,張?jiān)鰪?qiáng);超細(xì)型細(xì)毛羊冷季舍飼管理要點(diǎn)[J];草食家畜;2001年S1期

5 武興寶;馮瑾霞;;常見冷季型禾本科草坪草制種技術(shù)[J];農(nóng)業(yè)科技通訊;2013年08期

6 張茂新,徐宗明,韓西明;烏魯木齊葉鈫研究初報(bào)[J];新疆農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);1989年05期

7 王云平;冷季牧區(qū)兩用暖棚養(yǎng)羊試驗(yàn)觀察[J];黑龍江畜牧獸醫(yī);2003年03期

8 ;園林要聞[J];技術(shù)與市場.園林工程;2004年11期

9 王海燕,何小弟,張國棟,曹登基;冷季型觀賞草坪草引種比較試驗(yàn)[J];江蘇林業(yè)科技;2003年06期

10 陳國祥;柳茜;蘇茂;陳艷;;四川涼山亞熱帶地區(qū)冷季型組合草坪篩選試驗(yàn)[J];草原與草坪;2005年06期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前3條

1 宗立昌;蔣樹楠;劉炳南;;冷季冷卻塔供冷技術(shù)[A];全國暖通空調(diào)制冷2006年學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集[C];2006年

2 王威;張建勛;薛白;康坤;王之盛;;冷季補(bǔ)飼精料對(duì)牦牛繁殖性能、生長性能的影響[A];中國畜牧獸醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)養(yǎng)牛學(xué)分會(huì)2011年學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)論文集[C];2011年

3 郭瑞霞;管曉丹;黃建平;;動(dòng)力和非動(dòng)力作用對(duì)東亞顯著增溫的影響[A];第31屆中國氣象學(xué)會(huì)年會(huì)S5 干旱災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估與防控[C];2014年

相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前4條

1 沛文;焦頭爛額者不應(yīng)為上賓[N];中國花卉報(bào);2009年

2 農(nóng)業(yè)部草原監(jiān)理中心;內(nèi)蒙古公布33個(gè)牧業(yè)旗天然草原冷季牧草儲(chǔ)量[N];中國畜牧獸醫(yī)報(bào);2012年

3 孟慶祥 郭庭雙 郭軍;白災(zāi)過后說白災(zāi)[N];中國鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)報(bào);2003年

4 記者 祝福 通訊員 薛志華 劉振強(qiáng);發(fā)布草地冷季載畜量預(yù)報(bào)[N];內(nèi)蒙古日?qǐng)?bào)(漢);2008年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 趙曉東;冷季全舍飼對(duì)麥洼牦牛生長性能、血液生化和血清礦物元素的影響[D];四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2014年

2 王貴珍;基于生態(tài)—經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的家庭牧場管理模型研發(fā)[D];甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2016年

3 梁靜;復(fù)合營養(yǎng)調(diào)控劑對(duì)冷季放牧綿羊補(bǔ)飼的應(yīng)用效果研究[D];石河子大學(xué);2016年

，

本文編號(hào)：1338626