SARS病人病房空氣污染和SARS病毒空氣分離株的基礎研究及其相關病毒數(shù)據(jù)庫的建立
發(fā)布時間:2019-03-09 17:53
【摘要】:SARS-CoV是一種新型的單鏈RNA人畜共患病病毒,該病毒主要通過近距離氣溶膠和親密接觸傳播,在家庭和醫(yī)院有顯著的聚集現(xiàn)象。空氣傳播感染受多種因素制約,其中最重要的是SARS-CoV在氣溶膠狀態(tài)下的存活力,以及環(huán)境的溫度、濕度、紫外線和空氣中各種化學污染物質。 本研究旨在通過對SARS病人定點收治醫(yī)院(小湯山醫(yī)院、309醫(yī)院)室內(nèi)空氣SARS-CoV污染的研究,為更好地控制SARS-CoV的空氣傳播感染提供實驗依據(jù)。實驗采用FA-Ⅱ型空氣微生物采樣器在醫(yī)院病房區(qū)、病房陽臺、內(nèi)走廊、排風扇和護士站五個地點持續(xù)采樣,之后進行空氣樣本的洗脫、Veto-E6細胞培養(yǎng)、RT-PCR及序列測定。其結果病房區(qū)、病房陽臺、內(nèi)走廊、排風扇和清潔區(qū)五個地點均有SARS-CoV RNA的檢出,其中以小湯山醫(yī)院排氣口下風向的陽性率最高(58.3%),護士站相對較低(25.0%);從309醫(yī)院一名確診為SARS病人病房內(nèi)的空氣樣本中分離出一株活性SARS-CoV(稱之為LK309株),并穩(wěn)定傳代;與恢復期SARS病人血清免疫熒光染色陽性,RT-PCR擴增產(chǎn)物的測序結果顯示LK309株與已知SARS-CoY的同源性在98%以上。相關數(shù)據(jù)表明SARS病人定點收治醫(yī)院空氣中SARS-CoV的污染比較嚴重,急性后期的病人仍然從呼吸道大量排毒;但在病房室內(nèi)外的空氣中幾乎沒有檢測到活的SARS-CoV,初步評估認為,SARS病人病房采取通風和消毒的措施對降低室內(nèi)污染程度是非常有益的;而空氣消毒和環(huán)境因素對SARS病毒的存活有較大的影響,故SARS病人病房排出的空氣對周邊環(huán)境造成的危害很小。 針對SARS-CoY空氣分離株LK309,根據(jù)引物步移法的原則,通過覆蓋全基因
[Abstract]:SARS-CoV is a new type of single-stranded RNA zoonosis virus, which is transmitted mainly through close aerosol and close contact. It has obvious aggregation in family and hospital. Air-borne infections are restricted by a variety of factors, the most important of which is the existence of SARS-CoV in the aerosol state, as well as environmental temperature, humidity, ultraviolet light and various chemical pollutants in the air. The purpose of this study was to provide experimental basis for better control of airborne infection of SARS through the study of indoor air SARS-CoV pollution in hospitals (Xiaotangshan Hospital, 309th Hospital) treated by SARS-CoV patients. FA- 鈪,
本文編號:2437715
[Abstract]:SARS-CoV is a new type of single-stranded RNA zoonosis virus, which is transmitted mainly through close aerosol and close contact. It has obvious aggregation in family and hospital. Air-borne infections are restricted by a variety of factors, the most important of which is the existence of SARS-CoV in the aerosol state, as well as environmental temperature, humidity, ultraviolet light and various chemical pollutants in the air. The purpose of this study was to provide experimental basis for better control of airborne infection of SARS through the study of indoor air SARS-CoV pollution in hospitals (Xiaotangshan Hospital, 309th Hospital) treated by SARS-CoV patients. FA- 鈪,
本文編號:2437715
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