【摘要】： 同源框基因(homeobox gene)是一類胚胎發(fā)育的主控基因,這類基因中都存在一個由183個堿基對(bp)組成的、高度保守的同源框(homeobox)序列。HOX基因是同源框基因中的一大類,控制體節(jié)的特征,調(diào)節(jié)中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)和確定胚胎前后分化關(guān)系。在哺乳類HOX基因家族共39個基因,分A、B、C、D四簇位于染色體7,17,12,2的3’端到5’端,分別表達于胚胎的頭部到尾部相對應(yīng)的特定區(qū)域。HOX基因表達的蛋白質(zhì)是一類轉(zhuǎn)錄調(diào)節(jié)因子,都有一個由相應(yīng)同源框序列編碼的約61個氨基酸組成的同源域(homeodomain)結(jié)構(gòu),這一結(jié)構(gòu)通過與順式調(diào)控元件相結(jié)合,實現(xiàn)HOX基因?qū)Π谢虻恼{(diào)控。 HOXA11屬HOX基因家族,在胚胎尾部體節(jié)中表達,主要參與子宮形態(tài)的發(fā)生和發(fā)育。一般而言,在發(fā)育期結(jié)束后,大部分成年器官不再表達HOX基因,但子宮內(nèi)膜則是一個例外,因為生育期子宮內(nèi)膜始終經(jīng)歷著活躍的周期性變化,這種周期性的組織破壞、再構(gòu)建和重組的過程與胚胎發(fā)育過程的調(diào)控有某些相似之處,也需要發(fā)育調(diào)節(jié)基因的調(diào)控。HOX基因的產(chǎn)物作為轉(zhuǎn)錄因子參與調(diào)節(jié)子宮內(nèi)膜發(fā)育和分化,成為近年來生殖領(lǐng)域的研究熱點。 小鼠Hoxa11和人HOXA11分別在小鼠子宮發(fā)育,胚泡著床和人的生育期子宮內(nèi)膜周期性形態(tài)發(fā)育過程中起著關(guān)鍵作用。Hoxa11基因?qū)π∈笞訉m內(nèi)膜形態(tài)發(fā)育的調(diào)節(jié)可直接影響胚泡著床。HOXA11基因在人子宮內(nèi)膜中也有表達,而且其表達量呈周期性變化,與月經(jīng)周期中子宮內(nèi)膜的分化和發(fā)育密切相關(guān)。HOXA11基因異常表達可能導(dǎo)致子宮不孕、子宮內(nèi)膜異位癥和內(nèi)膜癌等疾病。目前關(guān)于人子宮內(nèi)膜HOXA11基因的表達,尤其是蛋白質(zhì)水平的表達規(guī)律尚不明了。本課題組曾用原位雜交、RT-PCR等方法對人子宮內(nèi)膜HOXA11基因的表達進行了一系列研究(國家自然科學(xué)基金資助課題39870292、30471814),并首次發(fā)現(xiàn),
[Abstract]:Homobox gene (homeobox gene) is the dominant gene in embryonic development, in which there is a highly conserved homobox (homeobox) sequence composed of 183 base pairs of (bp). HOX gene is a large class of homobox genes. Control the characteristics of somatic ganglia, regulate the central nervous system and determine the relationship between pre-and post-embryonic differentiation. In the mammalian HOX gene family, there are 39 genes, which are located at the 3'to 5'end of chromosome 7171712T2. The proteins expressed in the HOX gene are a class of transcriptional regulatory factors, each having a homologous (homeodomain) structure composed of about 61 amino acids encoded by the corresponding homobox sequence. This structure can regulate the target gene of HOX gene by combining with the cis-regulatory element. HOXA11 belongs to the HOX gene family, expressed in the caudal ganglion of the embryo, mainly involved in the development of uterine morphology. Generally speaking, most adult organs no longer express the HOX gene at the end of the development period, but the endometrium is an exception, because the reproductive endometrium always goes through an active cyclical change, the periodic destruction of the tissue. The process of construction and recombination is similar to the regulation of embryonic development, and the regulation of developmental regulatory gene is also required. The product of HOX gene is involved in the regulation of endometrial development and differentiation as a transcription factor. In recent years, it has become a research hotspot in the field of reproduction. Mouse Hoxa11 and human HOXA11 developed in mouse uterus, The regulation of Hoxa11 gene on the morphological development of mouse endometrium can directly affect the implantation of blastocyst. HOXA11 gene is also expressed in human endometrium. The abnormal expression of HOXA11 gene may lead to infertility, endometriosis and endometrial carcinoma. At present, the expression of human endometrial HOXA11 gene, especially the expression of protein level, is not clear. The expression of HOXA11 gene in human endometrium was studied by in situ hybridization, RT-PCR and other methods (39870292C30471814 funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：R363

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