【摘要】：目的： 中腦多巴胺(dopamine，DA)能神經(jīng)元在機(jī)體運(yùn)動(dòng)控制的調(diào)節(jié)中發(fā)揮重要作用，主要包括對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)整合的整體調(diào)節(jié)，神經(jīng)內(nèi)分泌激素的釋放，認(rèn)知和情感活動(dòng)。中樞DA能神經(jīng)元的缺陷將會(huì)引起廣泛的神經(jīng)精神障礙，如帕金森氏病(parkinson's disease，PD)，精神分裂癥和tourette's病等，而且許多藥物(如可卡因)成癮也直接和DA能神經(jīng)傳遞有關(guān)。這些疾病是臨床上治療的難點(diǎn)，缺乏有效的治療方法。通過在體外獲取DA能神經(jīng)元并將其移植入體內(nèi)，治療包括PD在內(nèi)的神經(jīng)精神性疾病，是近年來這一研究領(lǐng)域中的熱點(diǎn)，具有極大的潛在應(yīng)用價(jià)值。 在過去的幾十年里，許多方法和細(xì)胞來源已經(jīng)被用于體外獲取DA能神經(jīng)元，從這些研究中產(chǎn)生了兩個(gè)主要的細(xì)胞來源即神經(jīng)干細(xì)胞(neural stem cells，NSC)和胚胎干細(xì)胞(embryonic stem cells，，ESC)，但是人神經(jīng)干細(xì)胞和人胚胎干細(xì)胞的來源和倫理上的問題嚴(yán)重制約了它們?cè)诩?xì)胞移植替代治療中的應(yīng)用。而骨髓間充質(zhì)干細(xì)胞(bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells，BMSCs)的發(fā)現(xiàn)為神經(jīng)細(xì)胞移植替代治療提供了一種理想的細(xì)胞來源。人BMSCs是存在于骨髓中的非造血干細(xì)胞，容易獲取和培養(yǎng)，又可以進(jìn)行自體移植，具有人神經(jīng)干細(xì)胞和人胚胎干細(xì)胞無法比擬的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。研究表明BMSCs不僅可以向間葉組織的各種細(xì)胞進(jìn)行分化，在體外一定條件下還可以向神經(jīng)細(xì)胞進(jìn)行分化，并表達(dá)神經(jīng)細(xì)胞的標(biāo)志。所以，研究人BMSCs定向分化為DA能神經(jīng)元對(duì)細(xì)胞移植替代治療包括PD在內(nèi)的神經(jīng)精神
[Abstract]:Objective: midbrain dopaminergic neurons (dopamine,DA) play an important role in the regulation of motor control, including the overall regulation of motor integration and the release of neuroendocrine hormones. Cognitive and emotional activities. Defects in central DA neurons may cause a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders, such as Parkinson's disease (parkinson's disease,PD), schizophrenia and tourette's 's disease. And many drugs, such as cocaine, are also directly linked to DA neurotransmitters. These diseases are difficult in clinical treatment and lack of effective treatment. In recent years, the acquisition and transplantation of DA neurons into vivo for the treatment of neuropsychiatric diseases, including PD, has been a hot topic in this field and has great potential application value. Over the past few decades, many methods and cell sources have been used to obtain DA neurons in vitro, resulting in two major cell sources, neural stem cell (neural stem cells,NSC) and embryonic stem cell (embryonic stem cells, However, the origin and ethical problems of human neural stem cells and human embryonic stem cells seriously restrict their application in cell transplantation substitution therapy. The discovery of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,BMSCs) provides an ideal cell source for neuronal transplantation replacement therapy. Human BMSCs is a non-hematopoietic stem cell in bone marrow, which is easy to obtain and culture, and can be autotransplanted, which has the advantages of human neural stem cells and human embryonic stem cells. The results show that BMSCs can not only differentiate into various cells in mesenchymal tissue, but also differentiate into nerve cells under certain conditions in vitro, and express the markers of nerve cells. Therefore, the study of the differentiation of human BMSCs into DA neurons for cell transplantation replacement therapy, including PD, neuropsychiatric
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號(hào)】：R329

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