【摘要】：妊娠高血壓綜合征(妊高征)是一種常見(jiàn)的妊娠并發(fā)癥，大約影響到5-10％的孕婦，仍然是婦產(chǎn)科導(dǎo)致孕產(chǎn)婦和胎兒／新生兒發(fā)病和死亡的主要原因。盡管進(jìn)行了廣泛的研究，引起妊高征的病因?qū)W因素還不完全清楚。建立合適的動(dòng)物模型模仿人類妊高征，有助于人們了解妊高征的病理發(fā)生和發(fā)展進(jìn)程，幫助理解與妊高征有關(guān)的病因?qū)W因素，建立臨床上的診斷指標(biāo)，篩選治療藥物具有重大意義；還可以詳細(xì)研究妊高征對(duì)子代發(fā)育的影響，為提前介入治療提供實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)。 近年來(lái)環(huán)境因素在疾病發(fā)生過(guò)程中的重要作用受到了醫(yī)學(xué)工作者和科學(xué)家的廣泛注意。為更好地理解環(huán)境因素對(duì)妊高征的影響，研究者們?cè)噲D把動(dòng)物置于不同的環(huán)境條件下誘導(dǎo)產(chǎn)生實(shí)驗(yàn)性高血壓，了解這些因素對(duì)妊娠的影響。高鹽飲食與高血壓存在相關(guān)性已經(jīng)得到廣泛認(rèn)可，而冬季是妊高征高發(fā)季節(jié)的事實(shí)也說(shuō)明寒冷刺激可能是致病因素之一。我們擬選擇NaCl飼喂和寒冷刺激分別作為建模手段，以廣泛使用的昆明種小鼠為材料，建立小鼠妊高征模型并觀察妊高征對(duì)子代發(fā)育的影響。 飼喂誘導(dǎo)，分別使用1％、1.5％、2％三種濃度的NaCl溶液和飲水對(duì)照設(shè)四組小鼠，，連續(xù)飼喂14周。于14周術(shù)頸動(dòng)脈插管法檢測(cè)各組血壓，確定飼喂?jié)舛�。以產(chǎn)生高血壓組的NaCl濃度重新實(shí)驗(yàn)，連續(xù)飼喂14周后，安排雌雄合籠檢出交配小鼠，設(shè)立正常對(duì)照、正常妊娠、飼喂對(duì)照、飼喂妊娠四組，在妊娠18天時(shí)測(cè)量各組小鼠血壓，解剖孕鼠檢查妊娠狀況。 寒冷刺激誘導(dǎo)，將小鼠放入4±2℃冷室，分別每天刺激2h、4h、6h，在第18天時(shí)檢測(cè)各組血壓，與正常對(duì)照組比較找出每天的最佳刺激時(shí)間。以每日最佳刺激時(shí)間分別于冷激6、12、18天檢測(cè)刺激期間小鼠的血壓變化情況，了解冷激效應(yīng)產(chǎn)生的時(shí)間。隨后，設(shè)立正常對(duì)照、冷激對(duì)照、正常妊娠、冷激妊娠四組進(jìn)行妊娠試驗(yàn)，在孕鼠妊娠18天時(shí)，各組小鼠稱體重、麻醉，測(cè)量血壓，取血保存血漿以備檢測(cè)ATⅡ；解剖孕鼠，固定母鼠腎臟做切片檢查，
[Abstract]:Pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome (PIH) is a common complication of pregnancy affecting about 5-10% of pregnant women. It is still the main cause of maternal and fetal / neonatal morbidity and mortality in obstetrics and gynaecology. Despite extensive research, the etiology of PIH is not fully understood. Establishing suitable animal models to imitate human PIH can help people to understand the pathological process of PIH, to understand the etiological factors related to PIH, and to establish clinical diagnostic indexes. Screening treatment drugs is of great significance, and the influence of PIH on the development of offspring can be studied in detail to provide experimental basis for early interventional therapy. In recent years, the important role of environmental factors in the process of disease has been widely paid attention by medical workers and scientists. To better understand the effects of environmental factors on PIH, the researchers tried to induce experimental hypertension in animals under different environmental conditions to understand the effects of these factors on pregnancy. The association between high salt diet and hypertension has been widely accepted, and the fact that winter is the season of PIH also suggests that cold stimulation may be one of the pathogenic factors. We choose NaCl and cold stimulation as modeling methods to establish the model of PIH and observe the effect of PIH on the development of offspring in Kunming mice. Four groups of mice were fed with 1: 1. 5% and 2% NaCl solution and drinking water respectively. The mice were fed continuously for 14 weeks. Blood pressure was measured by carotid artery catheterization at 14 weeks and feeding concentration was determined. The concentration of NaCl in hypertension group was retested. After 14 weeks of continuous feeding, mating mice were detected in female and male cage, normal control group, normal pregnancy group, control group and pregnancy group were fed. Blood pressure of each group was measured at 18 days of gestation. The pregnancy status was examined by dissection of pregnant mice. The mice were induced by cold stimulation and placed in 4 鹵2 鈩

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