【摘要】： 微波是一種頻率在300MHz至300GHz之間的電磁波,微波輻射是一種非電離輻射,與生物組織的相互作用有熱效應(yīng)和非熱效應(yīng)二種不同機(jī)制。熱效應(yīng)和非熱效應(yīng)始終同時(shí)存在,只是在高強(qiáng)度輻射場(功率密度大于10 mW/cm2)中,主要表現(xiàn)為熱效應(yīng)。而在長時(shí)間、低功率密度輻射場下,微波的非熱效應(yīng)占主導(dǎo)地位。生物體對微波作用所產(chǎn)生的響應(yīng)是一種非線性響應(yīng),微波的生物效應(yīng)具有“窗效應(yīng)”的多樣性。 γ射線是一種電離輻射,電離輻射為高能輻射,可以直接作用于生物分子,也可以通過水分子的激發(fā)和電離的間接作用,引起強(qiáng)烈而復(fù)雜的生物學(xué)效應(yīng)。被激發(fā)和電離的靶分子和水分子常常形成多種自由基。γ輻射的生物效應(yīng)是建立在對分子和基團(tuán)激發(fā)和電離作用,特別是通過了自由基作為中介的基礎(chǔ)上,使最終被作用的生物分子發(fā)生結(jié)構(gòu)和功能的變化。 本質(zhì)上都是電磁輻射的微波和電離輻射,只是能量或頻率有所不同,卻能在維持高度有序結(jié)構(gòu)的生命系統(tǒng),借助于內(nèi)在的相干性和協(xié)同性,表現(xiàn)出生物效應(yīng)的多樣性。因此,對各個(gè)頻段的電磁輻射的生物效應(yīng)及機(jī)制的研究和應(yīng)用一直受到關(guān)注。不過,至今對非電離輻射(微波輻射)復(fù)合電離輻射(γ射線)的生物效應(yīng)研究報(bào)道很少。 本文以白血病K562細(xì)胞株為生物模型,以細(xì)胞增殖率以及凋亡率等為測試指標(biāo),并設(shè)立人血正常淋巴細(xì)胞和紅外輻射為對照,研究了頻率為9.3GHz、功率密度在0.5 mW/cm2~ 15 mW/cm2范圍的連續(xù)微波輻射復(fù)合穩(wěn)定的γ射線輻射場(樣品被照射的照射量率為5.0mC/Kg.hr)作用對細(xì)胞的效應(yīng)實(shí)驗(yàn)規(guī)律,從中探索低功率微波場效應(yīng)復(fù)合γ射線本底輻照下生物效應(yīng)的實(shí)驗(yàn)規(guī)律與生物物理機(jī)制,特別是窗效應(yīng)的具體表現(xiàn),以及協(xié)同作用的類型和規(guī)律,最后提出了細(xì)胞的不同頻率波段電磁波協(xié)同作用的生物物理模型。 研究結(jié)果顯示: 1.微波能明顯的抑制K562細(xì)胞的活性與誘導(dǎo)細(xì)胞凋亡,且這種抑制作用和誘導(dǎo)凋亡的作用較微波對人淋巴細(xì)胞的作用強(qiáng)。微波對K562細(xì)胞的生物效應(yīng)表現(xiàn)出非線性和明顯的“窗效應(yīng)”。作用“時(shí)間窗”表明在微波輻照功率密度為15 mW/cm2時(shí),微波對K562細(xì)胞的增殖抑制作用以及誘導(dǎo)凋亡作用的效應(yīng)最大值均發(fā)生在輻照時(shí)間
[Abstract]:Microwave is a kind of electromagnetic wave with frequency from 300MHz to 300GHz. Microwave radiation is a kind of non-ionizing radiation. The interaction between microwave and biological tissue has two different mechanisms: thermal effect and non-thermal effect. Thermal effect and non-thermal effect always exist at the same time, but in the high intensity radiation field (power density > 10 mW/cm2), the thermal effect is the main manifestation. For a long time, the non-thermal effect of microwave is dominant in low power density radiation field. The response of organism to microwave is a nonlinear response. The biological effect of microwave has the diversity of "window effect." 緯-ray is an ionizing radiation. Ionizing radiation is high energy radiation, which can act directly on biological molecules, but also cause strong and complex biological effects through the activation of water molecules and indirect effects of ionization. The biological effects of 緯 radiation are based on the excitation and ionization of molecules and groups, especially through free radicals acting as mediators. Changes in the structure and function of the biological molecules that are eventually acted upon. Microwave and ionizing radiation of electromagnetic radiation are essentially electromagnetic radiation, but the energy or frequency is different, but it can show the diversity of biological effects in the life system which maintains a highly ordered structure by virtue of the inherent coherence and synergy. Therefore, the study and application of biological effects and mechanisms of electromagnetic radiation in various frequency bands have been paid close attention to. However, there are few studies on biological effects of nonionizing radiation (microwave radiation) combined ionizing radiation (緯-ray). The K562 leukemia cell line was used as a biological model, the cell proliferation rate and apoptosis rate were used as test indexes, and human normal lymphocytes and infrared radiation were used as control. The effects of continuous microwave irradiation on cells with a frequency of 9.3 GHz and a power density of 0.5 MW / cm ~ 2 ~ 15 mW/cm2 were studied. The effects of the complex and stable 緯 -ray radiation field (the exposure rate of the sample exposed to 5.0mC/Kg.hr) on the cells were studied. The experimental law and biophysical mechanism of biological effect under low power microwave field effect combined with 緯 -ray background irradiation, especially the manifestation of window effect, as well as the types and rules of synergistic effect are explored. At last, a biophysical model of electromagnetic wave synergy in different frequency bands of cells is proposed. The results show that: 1. Microwave could obviously inhibit the activity of K562 cells and induce apoptosis, and the inhibitory and apoptotic effects of microwave were stronger than those of microwave on human lymphocytes. The biological effects of microwave on K562 cells showed nonlinear and obvious "window effect". The "time window" showed that when the power density of microwave irradiation was 15 mW/cm2, the inhibition of proliferation and the maximum effect of apoptosis induced by microwave on K562 cells occurred at the irradiation time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：第三軍醫(yī)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：R312

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