本文選題：淡色庫(kù)蚊 + 有機(jī)磷�。� 參考：《中國(guó)人民解放軍軍事醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院》2005年博士論文

【摘要】：淡色庫(kù)蚊(Culex pipiens palJens)是我國(guó)北方廣泛分布的重要病媒蚊蟲(chóng),是城市滅蚊的主要對(duì)象之一。由于其主要孳生于污水溝中,長(zhǎng)期接觸農(nóng)用、林用和衛(wèi)生用有機(jī)磷和氨基甲酸酯類(lèi)殺蟲(chóng)劑,已漸漸對(duì)這兩類(lèi)殺蟲(chóng)劑產(chǎn)生了抗性。在環(huán)境受到污染的同時(shí),蚊蟲(chóng)抗性的產(chǎn)生也大大加大了對(duì)其防治的難度,因此迫切需要對(duì)殺蟲(chóng)劑抗性的發(fā)生和發(fā)展進(jìn)行深入研究。本項(xiàng)研究主要針對(duì)淡色庫(kù)蚊敏感株和野外株對(duì)有機(jī)磷和氨基甲酸酯抗性相關(guān)基因進(jìn)行研究,試圖了解淡色庫(kù)蚊抗性相關(guān)代謝酶基因和靶標(biāo)酶基因與抗性水平之間的關(guān)系,探討抗性相關(guān)基因的變化在淡色庫(kù)蚊抗性形成中的作用,從分子水平對(duì)抗性相關(guān)基因(羧酸酯酶基因和乙酰膽堿酯酶基因)進(jìn)行研究,為更進(jìn)一步深入地研究淡色庫(kù)蚊的抗性機(jī)理打下理論基礎(chǔ)。 本研究的主要結(jié)果如下: 1.淡色庫(kù)蚊野外株對(duì)殺蟲(chóng)劑抗性水平檢測(cè)結(jié)果 采用殘殺威、敵敵畏和辛硫磷三種殺蟲(chóng)劑對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)室敏感株和北京市郊8個(gè)野外株淡色庫(kù)蚊進(jìn)行生物學(xué)檢測(cè)。結(jié)果顯示淡色庫(kù)蚊野外株對(duì)不同殺蟲(chóng)劑均有不同程度的抗性:對(duì)殘殺威抗性指數(shù)從3.13至7.24倍,對(duì)敵敵畏抗性指數(shù)從2.84至9.88倍,對(duì)辛硫磷抗性指數(shù)從1.15至3.33倍。 2.淡色庫(kù)蚊篩選抗性株的抗性機(jī)制 使用殘殺威對(duì)淡色庫(kù)蚊野外株進(jìn)行篩選,篩選8代后抗性指數(shù)由原來(lái)的4.79倍上升至12.07倍。對(duì)敏感株和篩選抗性株分別進(jìn)行羧酸酯酶和乙酰膽堿酯酶活性測(cè)定,結(jié)果顯示羧酸酯酶在對(duì)殘殺威的抗性形成中作用較小,而乙酰膽堿酯酶的敏感性降低與篩選抗性株的抗性形成有關(guān)。 3.淡色庫(kù)蚊野外株酯酶基因表達(dá)量的分析及與對(duì)殺蟲(chóng)劑抗性的相關(guān)性 對(duì)淡色庫(kù)蚊11個(gè)野外株的Est α 2-Est β 2基因進(jìn)行定量分析,結(jié)果顯示,
[Abstract]:Culex pipiens palJens (Culex pipiens palJens) is an important vector mosquito widely distributed in northern China. Because of its main breeding in sewage ditch, long-term exposure to agricultural, forest and sanitary use of organic phosphorus and carbamate insecticides, has gradually developed resistance to these two kinds of insecticides. At the same time, the emergence of mosquito resistance has greatly increased the difficulty of its prevention and control, so it is urgent to study the occurrence and development of insecticide resistance. In order to understand the relationship between the metabolic enzyme genes and target enzyme genes of Culex pipiens pallens resistance to organophosphorus and carbamate resistance genes in the field and sensitive strains of Culex pipiens pallens were studied. To explore the role of resistance-related genes in the formation of resistance of Culex pipiens pallens, and to study the resistance related genes (carboxylesterase gene and acetylcholinesterase gene) at molecular level. It lays a theoretical foundation for further study on resistance mechanism of Culex pipiens pallens. The main results of this study are as follows: 1. The resistance level of Culex pipiens pallens to insecticides was determined by propoxur. Three insecticides, dichlorvos and phoxim, were used to detect the laboratory sensitive strains and 8 field strains of Culex pipiens pallens. The results showed that the field strains of Culex pipiens pallens had different degrees of resistance to different insecticides: the resistance index to propoxur ranged from 3.13 to 7.24 times, and the resistance index to dichlorvos ranged from 2.84 to 9.88 times. The resistance index to phoxim ranged from 1.15 to 3.33 times. The resistance mechanism of Culex pipiens pallens screening resistance strains using propoxur to screen field Culex pipiens pallens strains, the resistance index of Culex pipiens pallens was increased from 4.79 times to 12.07 times after 8 generations of screening. The activity of carboxylesterase and acetylcholinesterase in sensitive and screening resistant strains were determined respectively. The results showed that carboxylesterase had little effect on the formation of resistance to propoxur. The decrease of the sensitivity of acetylcholinesterase was related to the formation of resistance of resistant plants. The expression of esterase gene in field strains of Culex pipiens pallens and the correlation between esterase gene expression and insecticide resistance were analyzed quantitatively for est 偽 2-Est 尾 2 gene of 11 Culex pipiens pallens strains. The results show that
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)人民解放軍軍事醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2005
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R384

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