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  本文選題：間日瘧原蟲 + 傳播阻斷疫苗�。� 參考：《中國醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2005年碩士論文

【摘要】：前言 瘧疾是瘧原蟲通過媒介昆蟲按蚊傳播的嚴重威脅人類健康的寄生原蟲感染性疾病。2005年《自然》雜志有一研究指出,截止到2002年,全球每年有大約5.15億人感染瘧疾,受瘧疾威脅的人口數(shù)達22億,是世界衛(wèi)生組織1998年公布數(shù)字的兩倍。由于耐藥蟲株和耐殺蟲劑蚊的出現(xiàn),瘧疾的發(fā)病率和死亡率逐年上升,全球防瘧形勢面臨嚴峻挑戰(zhàn)。目前認為安全、廉價和有效的瘧疾疫苗是控制乃至根除瘧疾的重要途徑,因此世界各國對瘧疾疫苗的研制和開發(fā)給予了高度的關(guān)注和支持。 瘧疾疫苗分三大類,子孢子疫苗、紅內(nèi)期疫苗和傳播阻斷疫苗(Transmission blocking vaccines,TBVs)。TBVs是通過誘導(dǎo)宿主產(chǎn)生特異的有性期蛋白抗體,阻斷瘧原蟲的有性期發(fā)育,從而阻止媒介昆蟲按蚊把瘧原蟲傳播給人類。其最大的優(yōu)勢是具有有限的抗原多態(tài)性和較強的免疫原性,與藥物或其它兩類瘧疾疫苗聯(lián)合應(yīng)用可防止耐藥性原蟲的擴散,個體接種后會使整個流行區(qū)人群受益。 Pvs25和Pvs28作為蚊階段蟲體合子和動合子表達的主要表面蛋白,是間日瘧原蟲傳播阻斷疫苗重要的候選抗原,對間日瘧原蟲在蚊胃內(nèi)存活、黏附和穿透發(fā)揮至關(guān)重要的作用。盡管Pfs25和Pfs28基因突變有限,與其相比,Pvs25和Pvs28基因呈現(xiàn)明顯多態(tài)。國外學(xué)者對孟加拉株和泰國株小樣本報道顯示,Pvs25有5個突變位點,Pvs28有22個突變位點。抗原多態(tài)性一直是疫苗研制的主要障礙。目前認為,多態(tài)性的研究是瘧疾疫苗應(yīng)用于流行區(qū)之前的首要課題。 我們前期實驗表明瘧疾中低度流行區(qū)湖北、浙江分離株P(guān)vs25基因高度保守,湖北分離株P(guān)vs28基因突變有限。本文預(yù)進一步研究瘧疾中低度流行區(qū)浙江分離株P(guān)vs28和高發(fā)區(qū)云南分離株P(guān)vs25/28基因多態(tài)性,檢測基因突變程度,比較不同流行區(qū)之間Pvs25/28突變程度,預(yù)測基因突變與
[Abstract]:Foreword








Malaria is a serious threat to human health through the mosquito - borne spread of malaria parasites . In 2005 , the World Health Organization published a research note that , as of 2002 , about 150 million people were infected with malaria every year , and the number of malaria - threatened populations was double that of the World Health Organization in 1998 . As a result of the emergence of drug - resistant strains and insecticide - resistant mosquitoes , malaria incidence and mortality increased year - by - year , and the global malaria situation faced serious challenges . At present , it is considered safe , cheap and effective malaria vaccine to control and eradicate malaria . Therefore , the countries of the world have given high attention and support to the development and development of malaria vaccines .








The malaria vaccine is divided into three major classes , a sporozoite vaccine , a red inner phase vaccine , and a transmission blocking vaccine ( TBVs ) . TBVs is used to prevent the spread of drug - resistant protozoans by inducing host to produce specific reactive protein antibodies , thus preventing the spread of drug - resistant protozoan in combination with drugs or other two types of malaria vaccine , which will benefit the entire epidemic area population .








Pvs25 and Pvs28 ( Pvs25 and Pvs28 ) , as the main surface proteins for the expression of zygotes and actin in mosquitoes , play a crucial role in the survival , adhesion and penetration of P & Pfs25 and Pvs28 genes . Although Pfs25 and Pfs28 gene mutations are limited , the Pvs25 and Pvs28 genes play a very important role . The study shows that Pvs25 has 5 mutation sites , and Pvs28 has 22 mutation sites .








The results showed that Pvs25 gene was highly conserved in the low prevalence area of malaria , the Pvs25 gene was highly conserved in Zhejiang isolates , and the Pvs28 gene mutation was limited in Hubei isolates .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2005
【分類號】：R392

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本文編號：2014384