本文選題：經(jīng)鼻蝶入路 + 斷面解剖��； 參考：《第三軍醫(yī)大學(xué)》2006年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái)，隨著內(nèi)窺鏡技術(shù)的發(fā)展，其在神經(jīng)外科的應(yīng)用越來(lái)越廣泛。為了能更好地將其應(yīng)用于經(jīng)鼻蝶入路手術(shù)，我們開(kāi)展了經(jīng)鼻蝶手術(shù)入路相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)的薄層斷面解剖及可視化研究。本實(shí)驗(yàn)應(yīng)用可視化人體數(shù)據(jù)采集技術(shù)對(duì)頭部標(biāo)本進(jìn)行無(wú)鋸耗的低溫冷凍銑切，采集經(jīng)鼻蝶手術(shù)入路相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)的斷面圖像，對(duì)鞍區(qū)的重點(diǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行橫、冠、矢三個(gè)方位觀察，以期為經(jīng)鼻蝶入路的鞍區(qū)手術(shù)和鞍區(qū)結(jié)構(gòu)的影像學(xué)觀察提供參考。分別運(yùn)用Photoshop和3D-Doctor軟件，對(duì)主要結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分割、著色，，將分割提取后的斷面圖像進(jìn)行重建，建立了經(jīng)鼻蝶手術(shù)入路相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算機(jī)三維模型。利用3D-Lancet軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)同一標(biāo)本的多方位斷面觀測(cè)并且對(duì)經(jīng)鼻蝶入路的路徑進(jìn)行虛擬仿真，模擬手術(shù)中的入路路徑和手術(shù)方案。主要研究結(jié)果如下： 1．應(yīng)用可視化人體技術(shù)，獲取7套正常人體經(jīng)鼻蝶手術(shù)入路相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)的連續(xù)薄層斷面圖像，其中橫斷5套，冠狀位和矢狀位各1套。上述圖像可為神經(jīng)外科、耳鼻咽喉科、腫瘤外科和影像診斷提供解剖學(xué)基礎(chǔ)。本課題完成了1套經(jīng)鼻蝶手術(shù)入路相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)精確分割的圖像數(shù)據(jù)集。 2．在結(jié)構(gòu)和器官不被擾動(dòng)的條件下，從橫、冠、矢三個(gè)方位對(duì)經(jīng)鼻蝶手術(shù)入路相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了立體觀察，進(jìn)一步豐富了該區(qū)域的形態(tài)學(xué)資料，為臨床提供更為全面的參考，并為建立經(jīng)鼻蝶手術(shù)入路相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)三維模型奠定了解剖學(xué)基礎(chǔ)。 3．分別運(yùn)用Photoshop和3D-Doctor軟件，對(duì)篩竇、蝶竇、上頜竇、鼻中隔、中鼻甲、下鼻甲、垂體、鞍背、頸內(nèi)動(dòng)脈、視神經(jīng)、三叉神經(jīng)、展神經(jīng)等結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了圖像分割，并在計(jì)算機(jī)上用表面繪制加體繪制的方法進(jìn)行了三維重建。重建結(jié)構(gòu)可多結(jié)構(gòu)、多色彩模式顯示，在三維空間繞任意軸旋轉(zhuǎn)，也可對(duì)三維結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行透明顯示、任意縮放，對(duì)有關(guān)徑線進(jìn)行方便的測(cè)量。 4．運(yùn)用3D-Lancet軟件，在計(jì)算機(jī)上顯示出了經(jīng)鼻蝶手術(shù)入路相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)的冠狀、矢狀及任意方向的圖像。 5．建立了人體經(jīng)鼻蝶手術(shù)入路相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)的數(shù)字化三維模型，采用圖形加速器和課題組自行開(kāi)發(fā)的可視化軟件，利用軟件的內(nèi)窺鏡功能和飛行功能實(shí)現(xiàn)了在三維虛擬
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of endoscopic technology, its application in neurosurgery is more and more extensive. In order to better apply it to transsphenoidal approach, we carried out a thin sectional anatomy and visualization study of the related structures of transsphenoidal approach. In this experiment, the human body data acquisition technique was used to cut the head specimen without sawing and cryopreservation, and to collect the sectional images of the related structures of the transsphenoidal approach, and to observe the key structures of the Sellar region in three directions: transverse, coronal and sagittal. So as to provide reference for the operation of Sellar region and the imaging observation of Sellar region structure through transsphenoidal approach. By using Photoshop and 3D-Doctor software, the main structures were segmented, coloring, and the segmented cross-section images were reconstructed, and the computer models of the related structures were established by transsphenoidal approach. The 3D-Lancet software is used to realize the multi-directional cross-sectional observation of the same specimen and the virtual simulation of the transsphenoidal approach is carried out to simulate the route and the operation plan in the operation. The main findings are as follows: 1. By using visual human body technique, 7 sets of continuous thin-layer sectional images of normal human transsphenoidal approach were obtained, of which 5 were transected, 1 coronal and sagittal. The above images can provide anatomical basis for neurosurgery, otolaryngology, tumor surgery and imaging diagnosis. In this paper, a set of image data sets for accurate segmentation of related structures of transsphenoidal approach is completed. 2. Under the condition that the structure and organs were not disturbed, the related structures of transsphenoidal approach were observed from transverse, coronal and sagittal directions, which further enriched the morphological data of the region and provided a more comprehensive reference for clinical practice. It also provides anatomic basis for the establishment of the three-dimensional model of transsphenoidal approach. 3. The structures of ethmoid sinus, sphenoid sinus, maxillary sinus, nasal septum, middle turbinate, inferior turbinate, pituitary gland, dorsal saddle, internal carotid artery, optic nerve, trigeminal nerve and abductor nerve were segmented by Photoshop and 3D-Doctor software respectively. The method of surface rendering and volume rendering is used to reconstruct the three-dimensional image on the computer. The reconstructed structure can be displayed in multi-structure and multi-color mode. It can rotate around any axis in three-dimensional space. It can also display the three-dimensional structure transparently. 4. Using 3D-Lancet software, images of coronal, sagittal and arbitrary structures of transsphenoidal approach were displayed on the computer. 5. A digital 3D model of human transsphenoidal surgical approach was established. The visualization software developed by the graphics accelerator and the research group was used to realize the three-dimensional virtual system by using the endoscope function and flight function of the software.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：第三軍醫(yī)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R322

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