本文選題：外源性基因 + 乳腺��； 參考：《第一軍醫(yī)大學(xué)》2006年碩士論文

【摘要】：乳腺生物反應(yīng)器屬于轉(zhuǎn)基因動物的范疇，自轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)創(chuàng)立以來，幾十年里取得了巨大進(jìn)展，擁有著廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。從轉(zhuǎn)基因動物的乳腺中獲得珍貴醫(yī)用人類蛋白質(zhì)是現(xiàn)代生物技術(shù)學(xué)應(yīng)用的重要領(lǐng)域。乳腺導(dǎo)管注射可以用來制作乳腺生物反應(yīng)器，本實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是為了研究外源性基因經(jīng)乳腺導(dǎo)管注射在大鼠乳腺中表達(dá)的機(jī)理，探索提高基因轉(zhuǎn)染效率的對策。 本實(shí)驗(yàn)的研究內(nèi)容分為三個(gè)部分。 在第一部分實(shí)驗(yàn)中，取8個(gè)不同發(fā)育時(shí)間點(diǎn)(4周齡、9周齡未孕、妊娠7天、妊娠12天、妊娠18天、產(chǎn)后1周、產(chǎn)后2周、產(chǎn)后3周)的雌性大鼠乳腺組織進(jìn)行普通石蠟切片、HE染色，在光鏡下觀察其形態(tài)學(xué)變化。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：大鼠的乳腺是復(fù)管泡腺，其發(fā)育過程中形態(tài)學(xué)變化最明顯的時(shí)間是在妊娠12天至產(chǎn)后14天，表現(xiàn)為大量漿液性腺泡的腺細(xì)胞不斷增生及分泌活動，其中在妊娠12天和產(chǎn)后1周可以發(fā)現(xiàn)數(shù)量相對較多的處于分裂期的腺細(xì)胞。大鼠的乳腺發(fā)育過程主要是在孕期和泌乳期完成的，發(fā)育隨妊娠的開始而進(jìn)行，隨泌乳的結(jié)束而退化。另取同一發(fā)育時(shí)期的大鼠乳腺制作卡紅染色的全組織片，觀察了乳腺導(dǎo)管在發(fā)育過程中的整體變化。發(fā)現(xiàn)4周齡時(shí)，大鼠乳腺主要由細(xì)長而稀疏的導(dǎo)管構(gòu)成，導(dǎo)管極少有側(cè)枝；9周齡時(shí)乳腺導(dǎo)管的主干上發(fā)出較多側(cè)枝，并且末端出現(xiàn)端芽；妊娠后，乳腺導(dǎo)管增粗，側(cè)枝更加密集，，末球出現(xiàn)并逐漸增多；產(chǎn)后，乳腺導(dǎo)管基本維持在妊娠末期的形態(tài)特點(diǎn)；哺乳結(jié)束后乳腺導(dǎo)管恢復(fù)成妊娠前的狀態(tài)。
[Abstract]:Mammary gland bioreactor belongs to the category of transgenic animals. Since the establishment of transgenic technology, it has made great progress in recent decades and has broad application prospects.Obtaining precious medical human protein from the mammary gland of transgenic animals is an important field in the application of modern biotechnology.Mammary duct injection can be used to make mammary gland bioreactor. The purpose of this experiment is to study the expression mechanism of exogenous gene in rat mammary gland and explore the countermeasures to improve the efficiency of gene transfection.The research content of this experiment is divided into three parts.In the first part of the experiment, 8 different developmental time points of 4 weeks, 9 weeks old, 7 days of pregnancy, 12 days of pregnancy, 18 days of pregnancy, 1 week of postpartum and 2 weeks of postpartum were selected.After 3 weeks postpartum, the mammary gland of female rats were stained with HE in paraffin sections, and the morphological changes were observed under light microscope.The results showed that the mammary gland of the rat was a reducted alveolar gland. The most obvious morphological changes in the development of the mammary gland were from the 12th day of pregnancy to the 14th day of postpartum, showing that a large number of glandular cells of serous acinus proliferated and secreted continuously.A relatively large number of dividing glandular cells were found on the 12th day of pregnancy and 1 week postpartum.The development of mammary gland in rats was mainly completed during pregnancy and lactation. The development of mammary gland developed with the beginning of pregnancy and degenerated with the end of lactation.The changes of mammary ducts in the development process were observed.At the age of 4 weeks, the mammary gland of rats was mainly composed of slender and sparse ducts. At the age of 9 weeks, the ducts rarely produced more lateral branches on the main trunk of the ducts, and terminal buds appeared at the end of the ducts, and the ducts were thickened after pregnancy.The lateral branches were denser and the ball appeared and gradually increased; postpartum mammary ducts were basically maintained in the shape of the late pregnancy; after lactation the mammary ducts returned to the pre-pregnancy state.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：第一軍醫(yī)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：R-332

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