發(fā)布時間：2018-04-13 09:35

  本文選題：電生理 + 藥理學(xué)��； 參考：《沈陽藥科大學(xué)》2006年博士論文

【摘要】：大腦高級中樞通過編碼神經(jīng)信號語言來控制人的運動、情感、意識和認知等行為。神經(jīng)信號編碼調(diào)控行為活動與神經(jīng)元本身內(nèi)在特性、突觸傳遞特性和整個神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)特性有關(guān)。要破解神經(jīng)信號和行為的對應(yīng)關(guān)系，就先要了解神經(jīng)信號語言。神經(jīng)信號語言主要涵蓋以下信息：神經(jīng)信號的編碼模式即發(fā)放形式(適應(yīng)性群集動作電位和緊張型群集動作電位)，動作電位的編碼頻率(或稱為信息容量)和動作電位的發(fā)放穩(wěn)定性(即信息的忠實性)。無論是動作電位的發(fā)放模式、發(fā)放頻率和發(fā)放穩(wěn)定性都受到突觸動力學(xué)和神經(jīng)元編碼動作電位的內(nèi)在特性(閾電位水平、不應(yīng)期和后超極化等)的限制和調(diào)控。所以定量描述神經(jīng)元動作電位的內(nèi)在特性和突觸動力學(xué)特性對于我們解釋神經(jīng)信號的行為控制是至關(guān)重要的。 我們運用電生理(如全細胞膜片鉗和細胞貼覆式單通道技術(shù))和藥理學(xué)方法研究了感覺運動皮層錐體神經(jīng)元、中間神經(jīng)元和小腦浦肯野細胞的內(nèi)在特性，即閾電位水平、不應(yīng)期和后超極化，對神經(jīng)元群集發(fā)放動作電位的發(fā)放容量和發(fā)放精確性的影響及基于Na~+通道的可能機制。結(jié)果表明：三種神經(jīng)元的閾電位水平、不應(yīng)期和后超極化等這些內(nèi)在特性不盡相同，但是都與群集動作電位的發(fā)放容量和發(fā)放位相精確性成線性相關(guān)性。外來興奮性輸入和抑制性后超極化可以調(diào)控神經(jīng)元動作電位的編碼特性，并且是通過神經(jīng)元本身編碼動作電位的內(nèi)在特性起作用。此外，細胞內(nèi)Ca~(2+)信號與神經(jīng)細胞興奮性、編碼精確性和自身穩(wěn)態(tài)調(diào)控有關(guān)。通過對電壓門控Na~+通道的單通道記錄，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)電壓門控Na~+通道的通道特性與全細胞模式下動作電位發(fā)放內(nèi)在特性吻合。提示，神經(jīng)元編碼動作電位的內(nèi)在特性是直接受電壓門控Na~+通道調(diào)控的。此外，興奮性輸入強度和超極化可以影響電壓門控Na~+通道的激活和再活化，，表明突觸輸入可塑性可以誘導(dǎo)電壓門控Na~+通道的可塑性，從而引起神經(jīng)元編碼動作電位內(nèi)在特性的可塑性。并且電壓門控Na~+通道介導(dǎo)的內(nèi)在特性(閾電壓和不應(yīng)期)對中樞神經(jīng)元群集動作電位的編碼調(diào)控作用并不依賴于K~+通道的作用。我們的實驗結(jié)果為闡明神經(jīng)元信號精確分析計算的細胞分子機制提供了一定的理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:The advanced brain centers control human motor, emotional, conscious and cognitive behaviors by coding neural signal language.Neural signal coding regulates behavioral activity and is related to the intrinsic characteristics of neurons, synaptic transmission characteristics and the characteristics of the neural network as a whole.To decipher the corresponding relation between neural signal and behavior, we must first understand the language of nerve signal.The neural signal language mainly covers the following information: the coding mode of the neural signal is the form of issuance (adaptive cluster action potential and tension cluster action potential), the encoding frequency of the action potential (or information capacity) and the movement of the action potential.The stability of the distribution of potential (that is, the fidelity of the information).Both the mode, frequency and stability of release of action potential are restricted and regulated by the intrinsic characteristics of synaptic dynamics and neuron encoded action potential (threshold potential level, refractory period and post hyperpolarization, etc.).Therefore, quantitative description of the intrinsic characteristics of action potential and synaptic dynamics of neurons is essential for us to explain the behavioral control of neural signals.We studied the intrinsic characteristics of sensory motor cortex pyramidal neurons, intermediate neurons and cerebellar Purkinje cells using electrophysiology (such as whole-cell patch clamp and cell-attached single-channel technique) and pharmacological methods.The results show that the threshold potential level, refractory period and post hyperpolarization of the three kinds of neurons are different, but they are linearly correlated with the discharge capacity and the accuracy of the firing phase of the cluster action potential.Extraneous excitatory input and suppressive post-hyperpolarization can regulate the encoding characteristics of neuronal action potential and play an important role through the intrinsic characteristics of the neuron itself encoding action potential.In addition, intracellular Ca~(2 signals are related to neuronal excitability, coding accuracy and homeostasis.By recording the single channel of voltage-gated Na ~ channel, we find that the channel characteristics of voltage-gated Na ~ + channel are consistent with the intrinsic characteristics of action potential release in whole-cell mode.It is suggested that the intrinsic characteristics of neuron encoded action potential are directly regulated by voltage-gated Na ~ channels.In addition, excitatory input intensity and hyperpolarization can affect the activation and reactivation of voltage-gated Na ~ channels, indicating that synaptic input plasticity can induce the plasticity of voltage-gated Na ~ channels.Therefore, the plasticity of the intrinsic characteristics of the neuron encoded action potential is induced.Moreover, the coding and regulating effect of voltage-gated Na ~ channel mediated intrinsic characteristics (threshold voltage and refractory period) on the action potential of CNS is independent of the action of K ~ channel.Our experimental results provide a theoretical basis for elucidating the cellular molecular mechanism of neuron signal analysis and calculation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽藥科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：R33

【共引文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

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本文編號：1743928