本文選題：多核巨細(xì)胞　切入點(diǎn)：破骨細(xì)胞　出處：《中國(guó)醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2006年碩士論文

【摘要】：實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?正常骨組織,在1mm~3骨中只有2-3個(gè)破骨細(xì)胞,破骨細(xì)胞數(shù)量雖然很少但其數(shù)量的穩(wěn)定意義重大,破骨細(xì)胞數(shù)量的增加使骨吸收大于骨形成從而導(dǎo)致骨質(zhì)疏松癥,破骨細(xì)胞數(shù)量減少使骨形成大于骨吸收導(dǎo)致骨硬化癥,可見(jiàn)破骨細(xì)胞在骨骼的形成和骨量的調(diào)節(jié)方面起著關(guān)鍵作用。目前國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)破骨細(xì)胞研究的切入點(diǎn)主要在于骨質(zhì)疏松癥和骨硬化癥兩個(gè)方面。也有人研究破骨細(xì)胞分子生物學(xué)的特性和在體外分離培養(yǎng)破骨細(xì)胞;分離培養(yǎng)的破骨細(xì)胞與成骨細(xì)胞混合培養(yǎng),試圖建立模擬體內(nèi)骨代謝的機(jī)制,用以研究骨疾病和抗骨質(zhì)疏松藥物的篩選。還有人已將破骨細(xì)胞應(yīng)用到組織工程骨的評(píng)價(jià)上,根據(jù)培養(yǎng)的破骨細(xì)胞與人工制成的工程骨聯(lián)合培養(yǎng)后形成骨陷凹的差異,即同樣的破骨細(xì)胞對(duì)不同工程骨的噬骨差異來(lái)鑒定工程骨質(zhì)量好壞。有文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道在成骨細(xì)胞和破骨細(xì)胞共育體系中,破骨細(xì)胞對(duì)成骨細(xì)胞的功能具有促進(jìn)作用,其途經(jīng)是破骨細(xì)胞分泌了某些蛋白質(zhì),彌散到隔膜的另一側(cè)影響了成骨細(xì)胞的功能,說(shuō)明成骨細(xì)胞和破骨細(xì)胞之間相互促進(jìn)相互影響。目前制備的組織工程骨只注重單一成骨細(xì)胞種植到骨支架上,而忽略了破骨細(xì)胞對(duì)成骨細(xì)胞的促進(jìn)影響及其對(duì)骨支架的改造朔形作用。相信在不遠(yuǎn)的將來(lái)破骨細(xì)胞應(yīng)用到骨組織工程會(huì)產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響。目前破骨細(xì)胞分離培養(yǎng)的方法通常由較大動(dòng)物禽類(兔和雞等)四肢長(zhǎng)骨機(jī)械分離直接獲得,對(duì)于較小的動(dòng)物如大鼠由于在體存在的破骨細(xì)胞數(shù)量較少,所以用經(jīng)典的方法想獲得較多的破骨細(xì)胞是不可能的。一般采取誘導(dǎo)成年大鼠骨髓單核細(xì)胞形成破骨細(xì)胞。各種方法獲得的破骨細(xì)胞中往往混雜有其他貼附細(xì)胞。本研究目的就是要用改進(jìn)的新技術(shù)獲得大鼠高產(chǎn)量高純度破骨細(xì)胞,同時(shí)探討破骨細(xì)胞分泌的明膠酶參與骨陷凹形成機(jī)制,為在體外研究破骨細(xì)胞生物特性、骨吸收功能及進(jìn)一步應(yīng)用到骨組織工程提供
[Abstract]:Experimental purposeIn normal bone tissue, there are only 2-3 osteoclasts in the 1mm~3 bone. Although the number of osteoclasts is small, the number of osteoclasts is of great significance. The increase of osteoclasts makes bone resorption larger than bone formation, which leads to osteoporosis.The decrease in the number of osteoclasts makes the formation of bone larger than that of bone resorption leading to ossification. Osteoclasts play a key role in the formation of bone and the regulation of bone mass.At present, the entry point of osteoclast research at home and abroad mainly lies in osteoporosis and ossification.There are also studies on the molecular biological characteristics of osteoclasts and the isolation and culture of osteoclasts in vitro, and the co-culture of osteoclasts and osteoblasts in an attempt to establish mechanisms that mimic bone metabolism in vivo.To study bone disease and the screening of anti-osteoporosis drugs.Others have applied osteoclasts to the evaluation of tissue engineered bones, based on the difference between cultured osteoclasts and artificial engineered bone to form a concave bone.That is, the same osteoclast to different engineering bone to identify the quality of bone.In the co-culture system of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, it has been reported that osteoclasts promote the function of osteoblasts by the way that the osteoclasts secrete some proteins and diffuse to the other side of the septum to influence the function of osteoblasts.These results suggest that osteoblasts and osteoclasts interact with each other.At present, the tissue engineered bone only focuses on the single osteoblast implanted on the bone scaffold, but neglects the influence of osteoclasts on osteoblasts and the remodeling of bone scaffolds.It is believed that the application of osteoclasts to bone tissue engineering will have a profound impact in the near future.At present, the methods of osteoclast isolation and culture are usually obtained by mechanical isolation of the long bones of the limbs of larger animal birds (rabbits, chickens, etc.). For smaller animals such as rats, the number of osteoclasts is relatively small due to the presence of osteoclasts in vivo.So it's impossible to get more osteoclasts in the classic way.In general, adult rat bone marrow monocytes are induced to form osteoclasts.The osteoclasts obtained by various methods are often mixed with other adherent cells.The aim of this study was to obtain rat osteoclasts with high yield and high purity by using the improved new technique, and to explore the mechanism of osteoclasts secreting gelatinase in the formation of osteoclasts, so as to study the biological characteristics of osteoclasts in vitro.Bone resorption function and its further application to bone tissue engineering
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號(hào)】：R329

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