本文選題：大鼠模型　切入點：重癥肺炎　出處：《第一軍醫(yī)大學(xué)》2006年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的：重癥肺炎目前國內(nèi)外尚無統(tǒng)一的定義，從臨床表現(xiàn)看，重癥肺炎患者有嚴(yán)重的呼吸窘迫癥狀，血液動力學(xué)不穩(wěn)定，需要吸入高濃度的氧，嚴(yán)重者需要機械通氣支持，補充液體和血液動力學(xué)支持。目前，針對肺炎、尤其是一些重癥肺炎的治療，使用抗菌素治療效果并不理想。仍然表現(xiàn)為療效差，死亡率高等特點。國內(nèi)、外學(xué)者正在積極探索對重癥肺炎新的治療途徑，如細(xì)胞因子、免疫治療等。為此，迫切需要建立細(xì)菌性重癥肺炎的動物模型，以探索細(xì)菌性重癥肺炎的診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及病理生理特點，為重癥肺炎治療新途徑的實驗性治療和藥效學(xué)研究提供平臺。方法：清潔級Sprague Dawleg(SD)大鼠隨機分為模型組、觀察組和對照組，每組分為3小組，模型組和觀察組每小組8只，對照組每小組4只，，共計60只。其中，模型組和觀察組分別接種相同濃度不同劑量的肺炎克雷伯菌菌液，對照組接種劑量相同的生理鹽水。分別于接種后的第2、4、6天分批處死動物。動態(tài)觀察動物的血液動力學(xué)、血氣分析、外周血象、肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中白細(xì)胞和中性粒細(xì)胞計數(shù)及病理改變。同時，動態(tài)觀察動物的干擾素-γ(IFN-γ)、白介素-6(IL-6)、腫瘤壞死因子-α(TNF-α)的變化情況。留取肺組織標(biāo)本，HE染色，每張切片隨機取3-4個視野，用Image-Pro圖像分析軟件分別測試肺實質(zhì)紅細(xì)胞體積密度、支氣管殘余管腔體積密度、肺泡體積密度。結(jié)果：1、接種高劑量菌液的模型組于接種后第5天出現(xiàn)明顯血液動力學(xué)改變，于第4天出現(xiàn)血氣分析的改變。模型組外周血象、肺泡灌洗液的
[Abstract]:Objective: there is no unified definition of severe pneumonia at home and abroad. From the clinical manifestation, severe pneumonia patients have serious respiratory distress symptoms, hemodynamic instability, need to inhaled high concentration of oxygen, severe patients need mechanical ventilation support. Supplementary fluid and hemodynamic support. At present, for the treatment of pneumonia, especially some severe pneumonia, the effect of using antibiotics is not ideal. Still, it is characterized by poor curative effect and high mortality rate. At home, Foreign scholars are actively exploring new approaches to the treatment of severe pneumonia, such as cytokines, immunotherapy, etc. Therefore, it is urgent to establish animal models of bacterial severe pneumonia. To explore the diagnostic criteria and pathophysiological characteristics of bacterial severe pneumonia, and to provide a platform for experimental treatment and pharmacodynamics study of new approaches to severe pneumonia. Methods: clean grade Sprague Dawley SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: model group, observation group and control group. Each group was divided into 3 groups, the model group and the observation group (n = 8) and the control group (n = 4) each group (n = 60). The model group and the observation group were inoculated with the same concentration and different doses of Klebsiella pneumoniae solution respectively. The control group was inoculated with the same dose of normal saline. The animals were killed in batches on the 2nd day, 4th day after inoculation. The hemodynamics, blood gas analysis and peripheral blood picture of the animals were observed dynamically. The changes of leukocyte and neutrophil count and pathological changes in BALF (alveolar lavage fluid) were observed. The changes of IFN- 緯, IL-6, TNF- 偽 and TNF- 偽 were observed. Three or four visual fields were randomly selected for each section. The volume density of red blood cells in lung parenchyma and the residual lumen of bronchus were measured by Image-Pro image analysis software. Results the volume density of alveoli in the model group inoculated with high dose of bacterial fluid showed significant hemodynamic changes on the 5th day after inoculation and the change of blood gas analysis on the 4th day. The peripheral blood of the model group and the alveolar lavage fluid of the model group showed significant changes on the fifth day after inoculation and the change of blood gas analysis on the 4th day.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：第一軍醫(yī)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：R-332;R563.1

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