本文選題：一氧化氮　切入點(diǎn)：酒精　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2006年碩士論文

【摘要】：飲酒在東、西方國家都很常見，酒精中毒的副效應(yīng)也被人們廣泛關(guān)注。急性飲酒對消化道的主要副作用包括：惡心、嘔吐和腹瀉。已報(bào)道酒精能夠抑制胃腸道運(yùn)動，但其抑制效應(yīng)的機(jī)制還不清楚，酒精對結(jié)腸運(yùn)動有何影響，也未見文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道。 一氧化氮(Nitric Oxide，NO)作為胃腸道內(nèi)非腎上腺非膽堿能神經(jīng)(nonadrenergic noncholinergic，NANC)的主要抑制性神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)，，能夠誘導(dǎo)食管、小腸、大腸等部位的平滑肌舒張。NO也能調(diào)節(jié)乙酰膽堿、血管活性腸肽、P物質(zhì)等配體對血管平滑肌的舒張作用；NO可能也介導(dǎo)了酒精對食管下端括約肌運(yùn)動的抑制。NO是否介導(dǎo)酒精對消化道其他部位運(yùn)動的抑制目前未見報(bào)道。 女性和雌性動物對酒精的敏感性與男性和雄性動物相比有明顯的不同，我們前期研究也發(fā)現(xiàn)腹腔注射酒精會引起胃排空和小腸推送活動減弱，且雌性動物的反應(yīng)明顯比雄性強(qiáng)。目前尚不清楚酒精對結(jié)腸的作用是否也存在性別差異。 實(shí)驗(yàn)選用健康成年Wistar大鼠，實(shí)驗(yàn)前禁食12小時(shí)。制備大鼠離體結(jié)腸近端縱行肌(LP)和結(jié)腸近端環(huán)行肌(CP)肌條，將肌條置入盛有5ml Krebs液(37℃)并充有95％O_2和5％CO_2混合氣體的灌流肌槽中孵育，記錄其自發(fā)收縮活動。以肌條收縮曲線下面積(即張力積分)為指標(biāo)，觀察酒精(2.0mL／L、3.3mL／L、5.0mL／L、
[Abstract]:Alcohol consumption is common in eastern and western countries, and the side effects of alcoholism are widely concerned. The main side effects of acute drinking on the digestive tract include nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. It has been reported that alcohol inhibits gastrointestinal motility. However, the mechanism of its inhibitory effect is unclear, and the effect of alcohol on colon motility has not been reported. Nitric oxide nitric oxide (no) is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter of nonadrenergic noncholinergic noncholinergic NANCin the gastrointestinal tract, which can induce relaxation of smooth muscle in esophagus, small intestine, large intestine and so on. No can also regulate acetylcholine. Relaxation of vascular smooth muscle by ligand such as vasoactive intestinal peptide substance P no may also mediate the inhibition of lower esophageal sphincter movement by alcohol. Whether no mediates the inhibition of alcohol on other parts of digestive tract has not been reported. The sensitivity of women and females to alcohol is significantly different from that of males and males. Previous studies have also found that intraperitoneal injection of alcohol leads to reduced gastric emptying and small bowel push. The response of female animals is significantly stronger than that of males. It is not clear whether there are gender differences in the effects of alcohol on the colon. The healthy adult Wistar rats were fasted for 12 hours before the experiment. The muscle strips of isolated proximal longitudinal muscle of colon and proximal circular muscle of colon were prepared in this experiment. The muscle strips were incubated in perfused muscle grooves filled with 5ml Krebs solution (37 鈩

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