本文選題：輸尿管狹窄　切入點(diǎn)：輸尿管盆段　出處：《青島大學(xué)》2005年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目的:探討輸尿管狹窄及輸尿管盆段在CT橫斷層面上的影像學(xué)定位,為輸尿管的解剖學(xué)研究積累資料,為輸尿管盆段的橫斷層影像學(xué)定位診斷提供依據(jù)。方法:解剖30例國人成人尸體標(biāo)本(男20例,女10例)的輸尿管,觀察輸尿管狹窄的數(shù)目和位置,測量狹窄處的管腔內(nèi)徑。選男女各30例增強(qiáng)掃描后的盆段CT橫斷層片,測量輸尿管與髂血管和腰、骶椎的位置和距離。結(jié)果:各段輸尿管形態(tài)多樣,大致分為四種類型:①上寬下窄型;②上窄下寬型:③兩端狹窄,中間膨大型;④兩端膨大,中間狹窄型。輸尿管狹窄的程度依次為膀胱壁內(nèi)段輸尿管末段輸尿管中段輸尿管近段。輸尿管第一狹窄50%位于腎盂輸尿管移行區(qū),50%位于近段輸尿管。盆段輸尿管CT斷層測量結(jié)果:第一、二、三層面,輸尿管自髂總動脈后外側(cè)逐漸靠近髂血管,位置移至髂血管的前或前外側(cè)。在第二斷層右側(cè),女性輸尿管與髂外動脈的距離小于男性,有明顯的差異(P0.01)。左側(cè)女性輸尿管與髂外動脈的方位比男性偏外側(cè),而男性位置偏前,有顯著性差異(P0.01)。在第三斷層中,男、女右側(cè)輸尿管與髂血管的方位和距離均有差異(P0.05,P0.01)。在第四斷層中,男女輸尿管與髂外動脈之間的方位左、右側(cè)均有差異(P0.05,P0.01)。在第五、六、七斷層,輸尿管與髂外動脈的距離越來越遠(yuǎn),與髂外動脈的表盤位置為:右側(cè)5:03～6:35,左側(cè)6:42～7:00。在所測量的七個斷層中,女性輸尿管與腰、骶椎的距離均比男性短,位置均偏外,但沒有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。結(jié)論 輸尿管狹窄的數(shù)目不恒定,狹窄的部位除膀胱壁內(nèi)段較恒定外,其余狹窄部位均不恒定:膀胱壁內(nèi)段最狹窄;輸尿管第一狹窄只有50%位于腎盂輸尿管移行區(qū)。在盆部CT掃描圖像上,參照髂血管、腰、骶椎可實(shí)現(xiàn)輸尿管的定位。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the imaging localization of ureteral stenosis and ureteral pelvis on CT transection, and to accumulate data for the anatomical study of ureter. Methods: to dissect the ureter of 30 Chinese adult cadavers (20 males and 10 females) and observe the number and location of ureteral stricture. The diameter of the lumen of the stenosis was measured. Thirty cases of male and female patients with enhanced scanning of pelvic segment CT transverse tomography were selected to measure the position and distance between ureter and iliac vessels and waist, sacral vertebrae. Results: each segment of ureter was varied in shape. Roughly divided into four types: 1, upper, wider, lower, narrower, upper, narrower, lower, wider, narrower, narrower at both ends, and intermediate enlarged, expanded at both ends, The degree of ureteral stricture is in the order of ureteral medial ureteral end ureter proximal ureter. 50% ureteral first stenosis is located in the transitional area of ureteropelvic ureter 50% is located in proximal ureter and pelvic ureter is located in pelvis ureter. Ct tomography results: first, On the second and third levels, the ureter moves from the posterolateral side of the common iliac artery to the anterior or anterolateral iliac artery. On the right side of the second fault, the distance between the ureter and the external iliac artery in the female is less than that in the male. The position of the left ureter and the external iliac artery in the left female was more than that in the lateral side of the male, while in the male, there was a significant difference in the position of the anterior position of the ureter and the external iliac artery. In the third transect, the position of the left ureter and the external iliac artery in the male was significantly different. The location and distance between the right ureter and iliac vessels were different in female. In the 4th fault, there was a difference between the location of ureter and the external iliac artery in the male and female, and the difference between the right and the right was P0.05 and P0.01. at the 5th, 6th and 7th faults, there was no significant difference in the position and distance between the ureter and the iliac artery. The distance between the ureter and the external iliac artery is further and further. The dial position of the external iliac artery is as follows: the right side is 5: 03: 6: 35, the left side is 6: 42 and 7: 00. In the seven faults measured, the distance between the ureter and the waist and the sacral vertebra of the female is shorter than that of the male. Conclusion the number of ureteral stricture is not constant, except for the inner segment of bladder wall, the other stenoses are not constant: the stricture of bladder wall is the most; Only 50% of the first ureteral strictures were located in the transitional area of the pelvis and ureter. In the CT scan of the pelvis, the location of the ureter could be achieved by referring to the iliac vessels, the waist and the sacrum.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2005
【分類號】：R322;R813

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本文編號：1637925