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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：CEA乳腺特異性表達(dá)載體的構(gòu)建及其瞬時表達(dá)　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2006年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 癌胚抗原 乳清酸蛋白基因 原位雜交 免疫組化 瞬時表達(dá) 乳腺特異性表達(dá)載體

【摘要】：21世紀(jì)，癌癥發(fā)病率和病死率持續(xù)增高，其已成為人類健康最大的威脅之一。隨著腫瘤學(xué)基礎(chǔ)與臨床研究的不斷深入，從事腫瘤研究的專業(yè)人員們不斷探索新理論、新技術(shù)、新方法。癌胚抗原(carcinoembryonic antigen，CEA)是一種位于腫瘤細(xì)胞質(zhì)膜表面的膜結(jié)合蛋白，是一種最常見的腫瘤相關(guān)抗原和目前國際上公認(rèn)的腫瘤標(biāo)記物。CEA基因定位于19q13.1-13.2，有9個外顯子8個內(nèi)含子，分子量約為180kDa，為免疫球蛋白超家族的成員。CEA有9個抗原決定簇，是一種富含多糖的蛋白復(fù)合物，其中40％為蛋白質(zhì)，60％為碳水化合物。其主要在肝臟被分解。早期胎兒的胃腸管及某些組織細(xì)胞均有合成CEA的能力，孕6個月以后，CEA合成量逐漸減少，出生后血中含量極低，但在不少惡性腫瘤患者的血清中則可發(fā)現(xiàn)CEA含量異常升高。因此作為重要的監(jiān)測指標(biāo)，癌胚抗原的監(jiān)測在癌癥治療中被廣泛應(yīng)用，而癌胚抗原的腫瘤相關(guān)性也被多種腫瘤基因治療方案所采用。 CEA在很多腺體腫瘤中均能大量表達(dá)，與CEA相關(guān)的腫瘤如結(jié)腸癌、肺癌、乳腺癌和胃癌等在癌癥死亡中均占有很大比例。CEA對結(jié)直腸癌各期的敏感性雖有不同，但總體來說可達(dá)40％～50％(特異性為95％時)，，對膽管癌的敏感性也可達(dá)50％左右，所以一般把CEA作為消化道惡性腫瘤，尤其是腸癌的常用腫瘤標(biāo)志物，并且它對腎、肺、乳腺、卵巢、子宮及其他許多器官的惡性病變也都有較高的敏感性，因此在臨床上又常常把它作為乳腺癌、胃癌及肺癌的第二標(biāo)志物。 有CEA表達(dá)的腫瘤稱為CEA陽性腫瘤，CEA陽性腫瘤在世界各地的發(fā)病率都很高，是一類嚴(yán)重危害人類健康的常見腫瘤。目前，針對CEA陽性腫瘤的發(fā)病機制，該類腫瘤的基因治療越來越受到人們的重視。轉(zhuǎn)基因動物是運用基因工程手段，通過受精卵或胚胎干細(xì)胞的基因轉(zhuǎn)移，將外源重組基因穩(wěn)定的整合入
[Abstract]:In 21th century, the incidence and mortality of cancer have been increasing, which has become one of the greatest threats to human health. Cancer research professionals continue to explore new theories, new technologies, new methods, carcinoembryonic antigens (CEA) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). CEA) is a membrane binding protein located on the plasma membrane of tumor cells. It is the most common tumor-associated antigen and the internationally recognized tumor marker. CEA gene is located in 19q13.1-13.2. there are 9 exons and 8 introns. The molecular weight is about 180kDa.CEA, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, has nine antigenic determinants and is a protein complex rich in polysaccharides, of which 40% are proteins. 60% is a carbohydrate. It is mainly decomposed in the liver. The gastrointestinal tract and some tissue cells of the early fetus have the ability to synthesize CEA. After 6 months of gestation, the amount of CEA synthesis decreases gradually. The blood content is very low after birth, but it can be found in the serum of many malignant tumor patients with abnormal increase. Therefore, as an important monitoring index, carcinoembryonic antigen monitoring is widely used in cancer treatment. Tumor correlation of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) has also been used in various tumor gene therapy schemes. CEA is highly expressed in many glandular tumors, such as colon cancer and lung cancer associated with CEA. Breast cancer and gastric cancer account for a large proportion of cancer deaths. CEA has different sensitivity to each stage of colorectal cancer, but generally it can reach 40% (specificity is 95%). The sensitivity of cholangiocarcinoma can reach about 50%, so CEA is generally regarded as a common tumor marker of gastrointestinal malignant tumor, especially intestinal cancer, and it is used to kidney, lung, mammary gland and ovary. The malignant lesions of uterus and many other organs are also highly sensitive, so it is often used as the second marker of breast cancer, gastric cancer and lung cancer. The incidence of CEA positive tumors called CEA positive tumors is very high all over the world. It is a common tumor that seriously endangers human health. In view of the pathogenesis of CEA positive tumors, gene therapy of these tumors has been paid more and more attention. Transgenic animals are transferred through fertilized eggs or embryonic stem cells by means of genetic engineering. Stable Integration of exogenous Recombinant genes
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：R329

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本文編號：1365572