埃德加·愛倫·坡是十九世紀(jì)美國(guó)最有影響的作家之一。在文學(xué)理論方面,坡也頗有建樹。他的獨(dú)創(chuàng)性論文如《寫作的哲學(xué)》（1846）,《詩(shī)歌原理》（1850）,評(píng)論霍�！豆适轮厥觥返茸髌范硷@示了他的精辟見解,至今仍被視為文藝批評(píng)的典范之作。在他的批評(píng)理論體系中,其核心觀點(diǎn)就是好的文學(xué)作品應(yīng)精煉并集中表達(dá)一種“統(tǒng)一效果”。坡認(rèn)為,“在幾乎所有體裁的創(chuàng)作中,效果或印象的統(tǒng)一是最為重要的。”在他看來,文學(xué)作品引發(fā)的效果規(guī)定著作家的創(chuàng)作程序。首先,作家必須明確自己究竟想要獲得怎樣強(qiáng)烈的單一效果——憂傷、懸疑或驚恐——然后根據(jù)此效果來選擇和構(gòu)思故事�？梢�,他所指的效果是相對(duì)讀者而言的,即作品對(duì)讀者的影響或留給讀者的統(tǒng)一的印象；他的統(tǒng)一效果論實(shí)際上是效果優(yōu)先論,把效果置于情節(jié)、人物等因素之上。本文探索和研究了坡的“統(tǒng)一效果”論在他的短篇小說中的體現(xiàn)。無論是他的哥特小說、偵探小說,還是變態(tài)心理小說,最大的特色都在于幾乎每一部都給讀者留下了難忘的、統(tǒng)一的印象。而這一效果是通過精心設(shè)計(jì)幾乎所有的小說元素實(shí)現(xiàn)的。作為文章的靈魂,主題在實(shí)現(xiàn)統(tǒng)一效果方面的作用和有效性是及其重要的,因?yàn)樗钪苯拥仃P(guān)系到作者想引發(fā)怎樣的效... 

【文章來源】：湘潭大學(xué)湖南省

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：61 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
Abstract
Introduction
    0.1 Poe's Short Tales
    0.2 Research Both Abroad and in China
    0.3 Research Significance and Arrangement of Content
Chapter One The Effect of Poe's Tales
    1.1 The Effect of Eerie Atmosphere in Poe's Gothic Stories
    1.2 The Effect of Author-Reader Cooperation in Poe's Ratiocinative Stories
    1.3 The Effect of Irrational Act in Poe's Stories of Psychotic Personality
Chapter Two Effective Themes of Poe's Tales
    2.1 Living Death as the Theme of "Ligeia"
    2.2 Love vs. Hate as the Theme of "The Tell-Tale Heart"
    2.3 Self vs. Alter Ego as the Theme of "William Wilson"
Chapter Three Effective Setting of Poe's Tales
    3.1 Effect of Closed Environment
        3.1.1 The Halls in "The Mask of the Red death"
        3.1.2 The Old Mansion in "The Fall of the House of Usher"
    3.2 Adoption of Gothic Elements
        3.2.1 The Bridal Chamber in "Ligeia"
        3.2.2 Wilson's Homeland in "William Wilson"
Chapter Four Effective Characters of Poe's Tales
    4.1 First Person Narrator
        4.1.1 The Narrator in "The Purloined Letter"
        4.1.2 The Narrator in "The Black Cat"
    4.2 Characters as Divided Selves
        4.2.1 Roderick and Madeline Usher in "The Fall of the House of Usher"
        4.2.2 The Two Wilsons in "William Wilson"
Conclusion
Notes
References
Acknowledgements
Informative Chinese Abstract
Resume and Publications since Entering the Program


【參考文獻(xiàn)】：
期刊論文
[1]愛倫·坡的效果美學(xué)論略[J]. 朱振武.  外國(guó)文學(xué)評(píng)論. 2007(03)
[2]當(dāng)代美國(guó)愛倫·坡研究新走勢(shì)[J]. 朱振武,楊婷.  當(dāng)代外國(guó)文學(xué). 2006(04)
[3]從“效果說”看愛倫·坡作品主題的藝術(shù)表現(xiàn)構(gòu)架[J]. 曹曼.  外國(guó)文學(xué)研究. 2005(03)
[4]小說人稱的敘述功能[J]. 黃希云.  外國(guó)文學(xué)評(píng)論. 1996(04)



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