【摘要】：傷寒沙門菌是引起傷寒的病原菌，目前全球尤其在發(fā)展中國家仍然是嚴重的公共衛(wèi)生問題。我國把傷寒列為乙類傳染病，是重點防控的傳染病。通過分子分型的方法能夠了解我國和國際傷寒沙門菌的分子流行病學特點，為傳染病的監(jiān)測、暴發(fā)識別和追蹤傳染源提供背景信息。本研究分別應用26個基因位點的SNPs分型和PulseNet推薦的沙門菌PFGE分型方案對我國1959—2007年的傷寒沙門菌進行分型，同時比較國內外沙門菌的SNPs分型特點。研究結果表明選取的SNPs基因位點適合我國傷寒沙門菌株的分型，我國的傷寒沙門菌具有遺傳多態(tài)性。 鼠傷寒沙門菌是一種常見的食源性病原菌，可引起人類胃腸炎等疾病。了解近幾年我國鼠傷寒沙門菌臨床分離株的分子分型特點，為以實驗室為基礎的食源性疾病暴發(fā)的污染源及傳播途經的追蹤提供基線數(shù)據(jù)。根據(jù)國際PulseNet公布的沙門菌PFGE分型方案及7個位點的鼠傷寒沙門菌MLVA分子分型方法，對2006-2010年分離自我國七個�。ㄖ陛犑校┑�294株鼠傷寒沙門菌進行兩種方法的分子分型分析。這些菌株先經XbaⅠ酶切，脈沖場凝膠電泳后，獲得87種帶型，其分辨率（D值）為0.9050。對其中的主要優(yōu)勢帶型JPXX01.CN0001菌株76株、JPXX01.CN0006菌株40株和JPXX01.CN0073菌株24株進一步用第二種限制性內切酶BlnⅠ酶切后，分別獲得10、22和17種帶型。采取MLVA分析，獲得198種帶型, D值是0.9929。對流行病學調查顯示為暴發(fā)病人和食物來源的菌株進行PFGE雙酶切及MLVA分析，兩種實驗分析結果獲得一致性結果，，均顯示這些菌株具有明顯的聚集性。兩種分子分型結果顯示我國鼠傷寒沙門菌臨床分離株具有遺傳多樣性，MLVA分型方法的分辨能力高于PFGE，在確認鼠傷寒沙門菌引起的暴發(fā)事件時，采用需時較短，操作方便的MLVA分型方法可滿足菌株聚集性分析。
[Abstract]:Salmonella typhimurium is the pathogen of typhoid fever, and it is still a serious public health problem all over the world, especially in developing countries. Our country classified typhoid fever as a class B infectious disease, is the key prevention and control infectious disease. The molecular epidemiological characteristics of Salmonella typhimurium in China and the world can be understood by molecular typing method, which can provide background information for the surveillance of infectious diseases, the identification of outbreaks and the tracing of the source of infection. In this study, SNPs typing of 26 loci and PFGE typing of Salmonella typhimurium recommended by PulseNet were used to classify Salmonella typhimurium from 1959 to 2007 in China. At the same time, the characteristics of SNPs typing of Salmonella typhimurium at home and abroad were compared. The results showed that the selected SNPs gene locus was suitable for the typing of Salmonella typhimurium in China, and Salmonella typhimurium had genetic polymorphism in China. Salmonella typhimurium (Salmonella typhimurium) is a common food-borne pathogen, which can cause human gastroenteritis and other diseases. To understand the molecular typing characteristics of clinical isolates of Salmonella typhimurium in China in recent years, and to provide baseline data for tracing the contamination sources and transmission routes of food-borne disease outbreaks based on laboratory. According to the PFGE typing scheme of Salmonella typhimurium published by international PulseNet and the molecular typing method of 7 loci of Salmonella typhimurium, two kinds of molecular typing methods of Salmonella typhimurium isolated from seven provinces (municipalities directly under the Central Government) in China from 2006 to 2010 were analyzed. After digestion with Xba 鈪

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