【摘要】：目的： 探討建立簡(jiǎn)捷、經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)用、穩(wěn)定可靠的大鼠膽管良性狹窄動(dòng)物模型的方法,利于對(duì)膽管良性狹窄的發(fā)生機(jī)制和有效治療方法的研究。 方法： 49只雌性SD (Sprague Dawley)大鼠體重220-260克,平均240±10 g,隨機(jī)將其分為實(shí)驗(yàn)組21只、實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)照組21只和空白對(duì)照組7只,所有實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物均采用3%的戊巴比妥注射液進(jìn)行腹腔麻醉。實(shí)驗(yàn)組21只動(dòng)物進(jìn)行腹腔麻醉后上腹劍突下正中切口開腹,顯露膽總管后在距離十二指腸上緣2cm處分離出膽總管長(zhǎng)約1cm,其下面放置一厚約0.2cm的棉墊后滴注95%的酒精約0.7ml于膽管上持續(xù)2-3分鐘后關(guān)腹；實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)照組以同樣的方法進(jìn)行手術(shù),在膽管上滴注0.9%的生理鹽水后2-3分鐘關(guān)腹；空白對(duì)照組只是找出膽管后就關(guān)腹,不進(jìn)行其他處理。術(shù)后觀察包括精神狀態(tài)、尿液顏色、進(jìn)食情況;實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ徒M和實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)照組術(shù)后7、14、21天共分三次每次分別取7只動(dòng)物稱體重與及時(shí)抽血檢查肝功能(ALT、GGT、T-BIL、D-BIL),并切取部分肝臟和實(shí)驗(yàn)處膽管行病理學(xué)檢查,21天組還進(jìn)行膽道造影了解膽管梗阻情況。統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)采用SPSS軟件t檢驗(yàn)及多元方差分析。 結(jié)果： 術(shù)后1hSD大鼠能翻身活動(dòng),3-4h后自主飲水,逐漸恢復(fù)飲食。①?gòu)男g(shù)前到術(shù)后21天,實(shí)驗(yàn)造模組檢測(cè)血清丙氨酸氨基轉(zhuǎn)移酶(ALT)、γ-谷氨酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶(γ-glutamyl transferase,GGT)、血清總膽紅素(T-BIL)、血清直接膽紅素(D-BIL)等指標(biāo)有明顯變化(P0.05)；而對(duì)照組和空白對(duì)照組無(wú)顯著變化。②各時(shí)間點(diǎn)處死大鼠切取肝臟及膽管行病理學(xué)檢查,實(shí)驗(yàn)造模組隨著時(shí)間推移發(fā)現(xiàn)肝細(xì)胞有不同程度損傷,膽管組織部分纖維增生；而對(duì)照組和空白對(duì)照組術(shù)前與術(shù)后對(duì)比無(wú)明顯變化。③術(shù)后21天膽道造影發(fā)現(xiàn),實(shí)驗(yàn)造模組膽管有狹窄表現(xiàn)；而對(duì)照組和空白對(duì)照組無(wú)膽管狹窄出現(xiàn)。通過(guò)上述比較,實(shí)驗(yàn)組與對(duì)照組差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05),對(duì)照組與空白對(duì)照組無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。 結(jié)論： 通過(guò)肝外膽管外滴注95%的乙醇制造大鼠膽管良性狹窄模型是可行的,能夠?yàn)槟懝芰夹元M窄的研究提供另一種動(dòng)物模型。
[Abstract]:Objective: to establish a simple, economical and reliable animal model of benign stricture of bile duct in rats, and to study the mechanism and effective treatment of benign stricture of bile duct. Methods: 49 female SD (Sprague Dawley) rats weighing 220-260 g (mean 240 鹵10 g) were randomly divided into experimental group (n = 21), experimental control group (n = 21) and blank control group (n = 7). All experimental animals were anesthetized with 3% pentobarbital injection. After abdominal anaesthesia, 21 animals in the experimental group were treated with abdominal anesthesia. The length of the common bile duct was about 1 cm after exposure of the common bile duct, which was about 1 cm from the upper edge of the duodenum, and the length of the common bile duct was about 1 cm from the upper edge of the duodenum. After placing a cotton pad about 0.2cm thick, 95% alcohol was infused into the bile duct for 2-3 minutes and then closed the abdomen. The control group was operated in the same way, and the bile duct was dripped with 0.9% normal saline for 2-3 minutes after abdominal closure, while the blank control group only found the bile duct and closed the abdomen without any other treatment. Postoperative observations included mental state, urine color, and food intake. The experimental model group and the experimental control group were divided into three groups, 7 animals were weighed and the liver function (ALT,GGT,T-BIL,D-BIL) was examined in time, and some of the liver and the bile duct were taken out for pathological examination. Cholangiography was also performed in the 21-day group to find out the biliary obstruction. SPSS software t test and multivariate analysis of variance were used in statistics. Results: after operation, 1hSD rats were able to turn over and drink their own water 3-4 hours later. 1 from pre-operation to 21st day after operation, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), was detected in the experimental model group. 緯-glutamyl transferase (緯-glutamyl transferase,GGT), serum total bilirubin (T-BIL) and serum direct bilirubin (D-BIL) were significantly changed (P0.05). However, there were no significant changes in the control group and the blank control group. 2 the rats were killed at each time point to take the liver and bile duct for pathological examination. The experimental model group found that the liver cells were damaged in varying degrees and some of the bile duct fibers proliferated with the passage of time. The contrast between the control group and the blank control group showed no significant changes before and after operation. 3 21 days after operation, bile duct stenosis was found in the experimental model group, but no biliary stricture was found in the control group and the blank control group. Through the above comparison, the difference between the experimental group and the control group was statistically significant (P0.05), while the control group and the blank control group had no statistical significance (P0.05). Conclusion: it is feasible to establish a rat model of benign bile duct stenosis by extrahepatic infusion of 95% ethanol, which can provide another animal model for the study of benign bile duct stenosis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：R657.4;R-332

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