黑龍江林區(qū)蜱和鼠中三種病原的攜帶狀況研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-13 13:25
【摘要】：目的：掌握黑龍江林區(qū)蜱和鼠中三種病原(嗜吞噬細(xì)胞無形體、伯氏疏螺旋體、斑點(diǎn)熱群立克次體)的感染狀況,并進(jìn)一步了解其動(dòng)態(tài)變化趨勢(shì)和小范圍內(nèi)的空間分布。 方法：設(shè)立30*30m2的樣方點(diǎn)在蜱媒傳染病流行季節(jié)采用“布旗法”對(duì)蜱蟲開展動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)查,同期選擇在大石溝林場(chǎng)林緣和其他類型環(huán)境內(nèi)對(duì)鼠類分別進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)捕獲和不定時(shí)捕獲,所捕樣本帶回實(shí)驗(yàn)室提取模板后PCR或Nested-PCR判定感染狀況并隨機(jī)選取PCR陽性片段送商業(yè)測(cè)序進(jìn)行序列分析。所得數(shù)據(jù)應(yīng)用統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法和地理信息系統(tǒng)技術(shù)了解病原體在蜱或動(dòng)物中的動(dòng)態(tài)變化趨勢(shì)和特征分布。 結(jié)果：①結(jié)果在三林場(chǎng)共捕獲蜱類2353只,經(jīng)鑒定分為全溝硬蜱(1934只)、嗜群血蜱(409只)和森林革蜱(10只)；三林場(chǎng)蜱種構(gòu)成差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,大石溝林場(chǎng)優(yōu)勢(shì)蜱種為全溝硬蜱,爾站林場(chǎng)優(yōu)勢(shì)蜱種為嗜群血蜱,而黑牛背林場(chǎng)以該兩種蜱蟲混合為主。②全溝硬蜱、嗜群血蜱和森林革蜱中AP的感染率分別為4.55%、3.42%和0.00%,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,但爾站林場(chǎng)中全溝硬蜱感染率(15.00%)高于其他大石溝林場(chǎng)(4.74%)和黑牛背林場(chǎng)(2.98%)且差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.008)。③全溝硬蜱、嗜群血蜱和森林革蜱中的B.b.s.l感染率分別為22.39%、4.64%、0.00%,全溝硬蜱的感染率明顯高于其他兩蜱種(P=0.000),而不同林場(chǎng)同蜱種間B.b.s.l的感染率無差異。④全溝硬蜱、嗜群血蜱和森林革蜱中分別有173(8.95%)、31(7.58%)、4(4/10)份SFGR檢測(cè)呈陽性,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.002),黑牛背林場(chǎng)中嗜群血蜱的感染率低于其他兩林場(chǎng)。⑤研究共捕獲356只小動(dòng)物,以黑線姬鼠和棕背鼠平為優(yōu)勢(shì)鼠種,AP、 B.b.s.l、 SFGR三種病原的感染率分別為0.84%、6.18%和10.11%。⑥序列分析顯示我國三種蜱媒傳染病存在基因多態(tài)性,首次在東北地區(qū)鼠中檢測(cè)出其感染伯氏疏螺旋體B.valaisiana型和B.burgdorferi型,并首次證實(shí)該地區(qū)蜱中亦存在B.valaisiana-like group型感染。⑦動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)查顯示全溝硬蜱的高峰出現(xiàn)在六月或七月,而嗜群血蜱的高峰一般出現(xiàn)在六月上旬；特征分布顯示大石溝林場(chǎng)蜱中SFGR存在高感染率的聚集空間,且黑牛背林場(chǎng)蜱中AP、SFGR亦存在高感染率的聚集空間。 結(jié)論：①不同林場(chǎng)中蜱種構(gòu)成不同且其感染病原狀況不同；不同生境類型環(huán)境內(nèi)鼠種構(gòu)成不同,鼠感染病原的狀況亦有所不同。②首次在黑龍江乃至東北地區(qū)的媒介蜱中檢測(cè)到B.valaisiana-like group基因型；首次在東北地區(qū)的鼠中檢測(cè)到B.burgdorferi基因型和B.valaisiana基因型。③動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)查顯示蜱蟲活動(dòng)高峰的出現(xiàn)不僅與其習(xí)性相關(guān),同時(shí)與環(huán)境、氣候等外界因素密切相關(guān)；空間分析顯示林場(chǎng)內(nèi)不同區(qū)域中蜱的病原感染率有明顯差異,具體與哪些因素有關(guān)需進(jìn)一步研究證實(shí)。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the infection status of three pathogens (phagocytic apoplasms, Borrelia burgdorferi, spotted fever group Rickettsia) in ticks and mice in Heilongjiang forest area, and to further understand the dynamic change trend and spatial distribution in a small area. Methods: to establish the 30*30m2 sample spot to investigate ticks dynamically in the epidemic season of tick-borne infectious diseases, and select the dynamic capture and unscheduled capture of rodents in the forest edge and other types of environment of Dashigou forest farm at the same time. PCR or Nested-PCR were used to determine the infection status after the samples were taken back to the laboratory and the PCR positive fragments were randomly selected and sent to commercial sequencing for sequence analysis. Statistical methods and GIS techniques were used to understand the dynamic trends and distribution of pathogens in ticks or animals. Results: 1A total of 2353 ticks were captured in Sanlin Farm, which were classified into four groups: Hypodes (1934), Haemaphysalis (409) and Leyfos (10). There were significant differences in the composition of ticks in Sanlingchang. The dominant ticks in Dashigou forest farm were the whole furrow hard ticks, the dominant ticks in Ershan forest farm were hemopyrifos, while the two species were mainly mixed in the black cattle back forest farm. The infection rate of AP in Haemaphysalis japonicus was 3.42% and 0.002%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups. But the infection rate (15.00%) in Ershan Forest Farm was higher than that in other Dashigou Forest Farm (4.74%) and Black Niubei Forest Farm (2.98%), and the difference was statistically significant (P0. 008). 3 the infection rate was significantly higher than that in other Dashigou Forest Farm (4. 74%) and Black Niu back Forest Farm (2. 98%). The infection rate of B.b.s.l in Haemaphysalis japonicus and Leyfos were 22.3939 and 4.640.The infection rate of Ixodes paniculata was significantly higher than that of the other two ticks (P0. 000). But there was no difference in the infection rate of B.b.s.l among different ticks in different forest farms. (4) the positive rates of SFGR were 173 (8.95%), 31 (7.58%) and 4 / 10 (4 / 10) in Haemaphysalis japonicus, Haemaphysalis japonicus and G. The difference was statistically significant (P0. 002). The infection rate of Haemaphysalis japonicus in Black cattle back Forest Farm was lower than that in the other two farms. 5 A total of 356 small animals were captured in the study. Apodemus agrarius and Apodemus palmianus were the dominant species, AP, B.b.s.l. The infection rate of the three pathogens of SFGR was 0.84% and 10.11.6% respectively. The results showed that there were genetic polymorphisms in the three tick-borne infectious diseases in China. B.valaisiana and B.burgdorferi types of Borrelia burgdorferi were detected for the first time in rats in Northeast China, and B.valaisiana-like group type infection was also confirmed in ticks in this area for the first time. The peak of haemopyrifos was found in early June. The characteristic distribution showed that there was a gathering space of high infection rate of SFGR in the ticks of Dashigou forest farm, and there was also a space of high infection rate of AP,SFGR in the ticks of Black cattle back Forest Farm. Conclusion: 1 the species composition of ticks in different forest farms is different and the pathogen of infection is different; The composition of rodent species was different in different habitat types and the status of rodent infection was different. 2 B.valaisiana-like group genotypes were detected for the first time in vector ticks in Heilongjiang and Northeast China. B.burgdorferi genotypes and B.valaisiana genotypes were detected for the first time in rats in Northeast China. 3 the dynamic investigation showed that the occurrence of the peak activity of ticks was not only related to their habits, but also closely related to the environment, climate and other external factors. Spatial analysis showed that there were significant differences in the infection rate of ticks in different areas of forest farms.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R384.4
本文編號(hào)：2329243
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the infection status of three pathogens (phagocytic apoplasms, Borrelia burgdorferi, spotted fever group Rickettsia) in ticks and mice in Heilongjiang forest area, and to further understand the dynamic change trend and spatial distribution in a small area. Methods: to establish the 30*30m2 sample spot to investigate ticks dynamically in the epidemic season of tick-borne infectious diseases, and select the dynamic capture and unscheduled capture of rodents in the forest edge and other types of environment of Dashigou forest farm at the same time. PCR or Nested-PCR were used to determine the infection status after the samples were taken back to the laboratory and the PCR positive fragments were randomly selected and sent to commercial sequencing for sequence analysis. Statistical methods and GIS techniques were used to understand the dynamic trends and distribution of pathogens in ticks or animals. Results: 1A total of 2353 ticks were captured in Sanlin Farm, which were classified into four groups: Hypodes (1934), Haemaphysalis (409) and Leyfos (10). There were significant differences in the composition of ticks in Sanlingchang. The dominant ticks in Dashigou forest farm were the whole furrow hard ticks, the dominant ticks in Ershan forest farm were hemopyrifos, while the two species were mainly mixed in the black cattle back forest farm. The infection rate of AP in Haemaphysalis japonicus was 3.42% and 0.002%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups. But the infection rate (15.00%) in Ershan Forest Farm was higher than that in other Dashigou Forest Farm (4.74%) and Black Niubei Forest Farm (2.98%), and the difference was statistically significant (P0. 008). 3 the infection rate was significantly higher than that in other Dashigou Forest Farm (4. 74%) and Black Niu back Forest Farm (2. 98%). The infection rate of B.b.s.l in Haemaphysalis japonicus and Leyfos were 22.3939 and 4.640.The infection rate of Ixodes paniculata was significantly higher than that of the other two ticks (P0. 000). But there was no difference in the infection rate of B.b.s.l among different ticks in different forest farms. (4) the positive rates of SFGR were 173 (8.95%), 31 (7.58%) and 4 / 10 (4 / 10) in Haemaphysalis japonicus, Haemaphysalis japonicus and G. The difference was statistically significant (P0. 002). The infection rate of Haemaphysalis japonicus in Black cattle back Forest Farm was lower than that in the other two farms. 5 A total of 356 small animals were captured in the study. Apodemus agrarius and Apodemus palmianus were the dominant species, AP, B.b.s.l. The infection rate of the three pathogens of SFGR was 0.84% and 10.11.6% respectively. The results showed that there were genetic polymorphisms in the three tick-borne infectious diseases in China. B.valaisiana and B.burgdorferi types of Borrelia burgdorferi were detected for the first time in rats in Northeast China, and B.valaisiana-like group type infection was also confirmed in ticks in this area for the first time. The peak of haemopyrifos was found in early June. The characteristic distribution showed that there was a gathering space of high infection rate of SFGR in the ticks of Dashigou forest farm, and there was also a space of high infection rate of AP,SFGR in the ticks of Black cattle back Forest Farm. Conclusion: 1 the species composition of ticks in different forest farms is different and the pathogen of infection is different; The composition of rodent species was different in different habitat types and the status of rodent infection was different. 2 B.valaisiana-like group genotypes were detected for the first time in vector ticks in Heilongjiang and Northeast China. B.burgdorferi genotypes and B.valaisiana genotypes were detected for the first time in rats in Northeast China. 3 the dynamic investigation showed that the occurrence of the peak activity of ticks was not only related to their habits, but also closely related to the environment, climate and other external factors. Spatial analysis showed that there were significant differences in the infection rate of ticks in different areas of forest farms.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R384.4
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