【摘要】：作為地球上數(shù)量最大、繁衍最成功的單種生物資源之一的南極磷蝦，營養(yǎng)豐富全面，又因其巨大的生物量和潛在的漁業(yè)資源，及在南極生態(tài)中的關(guān)鍵地位而日益受到人們的關(guān)注。南極磷蝦油具有極高的營養(yǎng)價值和醫(yī)用價值。相關(guān)研究已發(fā)現(xiàn)，南極磷蝦油可以降低血糖和調(diào)節(jié)血脂等，對脂肪肝也有一定的治療作用；而目前國內(nèi)對于南極磷蝦油的研究還處在一個初級階段。探索南極磷蝦油脂提取工藝技術(shù)和進行生物活性實驗驗證，尋找適合我國國情的南極磷蝦油開發(fā)技術(shù)路線，具有重要的經(jīng)濟和社會價值。 本研究利用無水乙醇萃取南極磷蝦干粉，經(jīng)溶劑浸提、減壓蒸餾、恒溫干燥后得到高純度南極磷蝦油。并以此為基礎(chǔ)，優(yōu)化提取工藝，并對南極磷蝦油的生物活性進行驗證，對受試酒精性肝損傷小鼠作用效果作了評價。本研究共分三個部分。 第一部分：南極磷蝦油提取工藝優(yōu)化 研究使用有機溶劑提取南極大磷蝦油脂工藝。通過單因素實驗和正交實驗進行探討，結(jié)果表明，最佳工藝條件為以無水乙醇為提取劑，提取溫度為65℃，時間為3h，料液比為1：9。按此工藝蝦油的提取率為19.60%。 第二部分：無水乙醇提取物成分分析 對使用優(yōu)化工藝提取的南極磷蝦油脂的丙酮不溶物、乙醚不溶物、磷脂、蝦青素含量進行檢測，并利用擔(dān)氣相分析提取物中的脂肪酸組成，氣相分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)無水乙醇提取物中含有比較豐富的多不飽和脂肪酸。提取物中共檢測出21種脂肪酸，其中飽和脂肪酸5中，共占總含量33.32%，不飽和脂肪酸成分16種，占總含量的66.43%。；主要脂肪酸種類包括棕櫚酸（21.3%）、油酸（13.3%）、十四酸（10.11%）、二十二碳六烯酸（11.6%）、二十碳五烯酸（15.0%）、十六烯酸（5.54%）、亞油酸（2.67%）、亞麻酸（1.38%）。油脂樣品中不飽和脂肪酸含量較高，具有一定的營養(yǎng)價值。 第三部分：南極磷蝦油對小鼠酒精性脂肪肝模型作用的研究以高脂飼料加乙醇灌胃30d造成小鼠酒精性脂肪肝模型后，分為南極磷蝦油低、中、高劑量組，正常組和自然恢組5組，連續(xù)給藥10d后，檢測相關(guān)生化和病理指標。結(jié)果，，南極磷蝦油組與自然恢復(fù)組相比，血清中的三酰甘油（TG）和膽固醇(TC)、谷草轉(zhuǎn)氨酶（AST）以及谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶（ALT）水平有顯著改善(P0.01或P0.05);肝組織中的三酰甘油(TG)和膽固醇（TC）含量顯著降低(P0.01或P0.05)，冷凍切片脂肪染色結(jié)果顯示南極磷蝦油劑量組肝細胞脂滴蓄積明顯減少，脂肪變程度減輕。結(jié)論在本研究條件下，南極磷蝦油對小鼠酒精性脂肪肝有治療作用。
[Abstract]:Antarctic krill, one of the largest and most successful single species of biological resources on the planet, is rich in nutrients and has huge biomass and potential fishery resources. And its key position in Antarctic ecology has been paid more and more attention. Antarctic krill oil has high nutritional value and medical value. It has been found that Antarctic krill oil can reduce blood sugar and regulate blood lipids and has a certain therapeutic effect on fatty liver, but the study of Antarctic krill oil is still in a preliminary stage. It is of great economic and social value to explore the extraction technology of Antarctic krill oil and to test the bioactivity of Antarctic krill oil in order to find a suitable route for the development of Antarctic krill oil in our country. In this study, the high purity Antarctic krill oil was obtained by extracting the dried krill powder with anhydrous ethanol, extracting it with solvent, distilling at low pressure and drying at constant temperature. On this basis, the extraction process was optimized, and the biological activity of Antarctic krill oil was verified, and the effect of alcoholic liver injury on mice was evaluated. This study is divided into three parts. Part I: optimization of the extraction process of Antarctic krill oil using organic solvent to extract the oil from Antarctic krill. Through single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment, the results showed that the optimum technological conditions were as follows: absolute ethanol as extractant, extraction temperature 65 鈩

本文編號：2307538