山羊呼吸道相關(guān)淋巴組織及鼻腔吸收滅活病毒的形態(tài)學研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-13 08:43
【摘要】：本文以山羊呼吸道相關(guān)淋巴組織為研究對象,運用組織學光鏡和電鏡制片技術(shù)以及免疫組織化學技術(shù)對山羊呼吸道相關(guān)淋巴組織的形態(tài)學特點、抗體分泌細胞的分布以及CD4+和CD8+T淋巴細胞的分布進行了詳細研究,同時還研究了膽酸鈉對山羊鼻腔相關(guān)扁桃體黏膜上皮吸收滅活病毒的影響,取得的結(jié)果如下： 1.山羊呼吸道相關(guān)淋巴組織的一般組織學特點 應用組織學方法觀察山羊呼吸道相關(guān)淋巴組織的組織結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)果顯示,位于鼻咽通道的咽扁桃體和咽鼓管扁桃體的黏膜上皮層次較少,部分區(qū)域只有單層扁平細胞,相鄰上皮細胞間的空隙很大,上皮細胞之間和黏膜上皮下方固有層內(nèi)有大量淋巴細胞浸潤。位于口咽通道的軟腭扁桃體的黏膜上皮為復層鱗狀上皮,上皮向黏膜內(nèi)凹陷形成許多隱窩。扁桃體的實質(zhì)部分由數(shù)個次級淋巴小結(jié)和彌散淋巴組織構(gòu)成,同時在彌散淋巴組織中可以觀察到大量分布的淋巴管和毛細血管后微靜脈。氣管和氣管叉的黏膜上皮下方有少量淋巴細胞浸潤,肺內(nèi)氣管和細支氣管的黏膜固有層中有較多淋巴細胞分布。本試驗結(jié)果提示山羊呼吸道相關(guān)淋巴組織的形態(tài)學特點有利于抗原的吸收和誘導局部免疫反應,尤其是山羊的咽扁桃體和咽鼓管扁桃體可以作為鼻腔免疫的主要誘導位點和效應部位。 2.山羊呼吸道IgA和IgG分泌細胞的分布 應用免疫組織化學技術(shù)研究山羊呼吸道中IgA和IgG分泌細胞的變化。結(jié)果表明：在扁桃體中,IgA和IgG分泌細胞主要分布于黏膜上皮下方；在氣管中,IgA和IgG分泌細胞主要分布于黏膜上皮下方和氣管腺周圍；在肺中,兩種分泌細胞主要分布于肺泡隔和各級支氣管黏膜固有層內(nèi)。此外,在扁桃體和氣管黏膜上皮內(nèi)也觀察到較多的抗體分泌細胞。對兩種分泌細胞進行統(tǒng)計學分析發(fā)現(xiàn),IgA分泌細胞在咽鼓管扁桃體中最多,其次是軟腭扁桃體、咽扁桃體和氣管,肺中最少；IgG分泌細胞在咽扁桃體中最多,其次是軟腭扁桃體、咽鼓管扁桃體和氣管,肺中最少。本試驗結(jié)果顯示山羊呼吸道中分布有較多的抗體分泌細胞,但不同部位抗體分泌細胞的分布不盡相同,該結(jié)果可為山羊呼吸道黏膜免疫的研究提供理論依據(jù)。 3.山羊呼吸道CD4+和CD8+T淋巴細胞的分布 應用免疫組織化學技術(shù)研究山羊呼吸道中CD4+和CD8+T淋巴細胞的變化。結(jié)果表明：扁桃體中兩種T淋巴細胞主要分布于黏膜上皮的下方；氣管中,兩種T淋巴細胞主要分布于氣管腺周圍；肺中,兩種T淋巴細胞主要分布于肺泡隔。此外,在扁桃體黏膜上皮內(nèi)也有T淋巴細胞的分布。由統(tǒng)計學分析發(fā)現(xiàn),CD4+T淋巴細胞在扁桃體中分布最多,氣管和肺中最少；CD8+T淋巴細胞在咽鼓管扁桃體中最多,其次是咽扁桃體、軟腭扁桃體和肺,氣管中最少。本試驗結(jié)果表明山羊的整個呼吸道中都存在較多的效應性T淋巴細胞,為山羊鼻腔免疫的機理研究奠定了良好的理論基礎。 4.膽酸鈉對山羊鼻腔相關(guān)扁桃體黏膜上皮吸收滅活病毒的影響 研究膽酸鈉促進山羊鼻腔相關(guān)扁桃體黏膜上皮吸收禽流感滅活病毒的形態(tài)學機制。通過鼻腔接種膽酸鈉和禽流感滅活病毒后,應用組織學光鏡和電鏡制片技術(shù)研究山羊咽扁桃體和咽鼓管扁桃體上皮結(jié)構(gòu)的變化以及滅活病毒的吸收情況。單獨應用滅活病毒后扁桃體黏膜上皮結(jié)構(gòu)完整,而應用膽酸鈉或膽酸鈉配合滅活病毒后扁桃體中可觀察到較多脫離黏膜上皮的細胞,脫落的細胞大部分是上皮細胞和淋巴細胞；上皮細胞之間空隙增大,緊密連接被打開。尤其是應用膽酸鈉配合滅活病毒后可觀察到部分細胞內(nèi)含有病毒的囊泡。鼻腔接種后第三天,應用膽酸鈉的扁桃體黏膜上皮結(jié)構(gòu)基本恢復,幾乎沒有觀察到脫離上皮的細胞。本試驗結(jié)果提示膽酸鈉通過打開山羊鼻腔相關(guān)扁桃體的黏膜上皮細胞之間的緊密連接來促進滅活病毒的吸收,雖然膽酸鈉可引起部分上皮脫落,但這種副作用是暫時的并在短時間內(nèi)可修復。
[Abstract]:In this paper, goat respiratory tract-related lymphoid tissue was studied. The morphological characteristics, the distribution of antibody-secreting cells and CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in goat respiratory tract-related lymphoid tissue were studied by histological light microscopy, electron microscopy and immunohistochemical techniques. Cholic acid was also studied. The effects of sodium on the absorption and inactivation of virus in the nasal cavity-associated tonsillar epithelium of goats were studied.
1. the general histological characteristics of respiratory related lymphoid tissue in goats
The results showed that there were few epithelial layers of pharyngeal tonsil and eustachian tube tonsil located in nasopharyngeal passage, and there were only monolayer flat cells in some areas. The gap between adjacent epithelial cells was very large, and there was a gap between epithelial cells and the lamina propria beneath the mucosal epithelium. The mucosal epithelium of the soft palatine tonsil, located in the oropharyngeal passage, is stratified squamous epithelium. The epithelium recesses into the mucosa and forms many crypts. The parenchyma of the tonsil is composed of several secondary lymphatic nodules and diffuse lymphoid tissue. A large number of lymphatic vessels and capillaries can be observed in the diffuse lymphoid tissue. There were a few lymphocyte infiltration beneath the mucosal epithelium of trachea and bronchial fork, and more lymphocyte distribution in the lamina propria of trachea and bronchioles in the lungs. The results suggested that the morphological characteristics of lymphoid tissues associated with respiratory tract in goats were beneficial to antigen absorption and local immune response, especially in goats. The pharyngeal tonsils and eustachian tube tonsils of sheep can be used as the main inducing sites and effector sites of nasal immunity.
2. the distribution of IgA and IgG secretory cells in respiratory tract of goat
Immunohistochemical technique was used to study the changes of IgA and IgG secreting cells in goat respiratory tract.The results showed that in tonsil, IgA and IgG secreting cells were mainly located below mucosal epithelium, in trachea, IgA and IgG secreting cells were mainly located below mucosal epithelium and around tracheal gland, and in lung, two kinds of secreting cells were mainly distributed. In addition, more antibody secreting cells were observed in tonsil and tracheal epithelium. Statistical analysis of the two secreting cells showed that IgA secreting cells were the most abundant in eustachian tube tonsil, followed by soft palate tonsil, pharyngeal tonsil and trachea, and the least in lung. The results showed that there were more antibody-secreting cells in the respiratory tract of goats, but the distribution of antibody-secreting cells in different parts of the respiratory tract was not the same, which could provide theoretical basis for the study of goat respiratory mucosal immunity. According to it.
3. the distribution of CD4+ and CD8+T lymphocytes in respiratory tract of goat
The changes of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in the respiratory tract of goats were studied by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that two kinds of T lymphocytes in tonsils were mainly located below the mucosal epithelium; in trachea, two kinds of T lymphocytes were mainly distributed around the tracheal gland; and in lung, two kinds of T lymphocytes were mainly distributed in the alveolar septum. The distribution of T lymphocytes was also found in the epithelium of tonsil mucosa. Statistical analysis showed that CD4 + T lymphocytes were the most distributed in tonsils, the least in trachea and lungs; CD8 + T lymphocytes were the most in eustachian tube tonsils, followed by pharyngeal tonsils, soft palate tonsils and lungs, and the least in trachea. There are many effector T lymphocytes in the nasal cavity of goats.
Effect of 4. sodium cholate on inactivation of virus in mucosa of goat nasal cavity related tonsil
To study the morphological mechanism of sodium cholate promoting the absorption of avian influenza virus (AIV) by nasal mucosal epithelium of nasal associated tonsils in goats. After inoculating sodium cholate and inactivated avian influenza virus into nasal cavity, the changes of the epithelial structure of pharyngeal tonsils and eustachian tube tonsils and the absorption of inactivated virus were studied by histological light microscopy and electron microscopy. After inactivating the virus alone, the epithelial structure of tonsil mucosa was intact. However, after inactivating the virus with sodium cholate or sodium cholate, a large number of cells detached from the mucosal epithelium were observed in the tonsil. Most of the cells were epithelial cells and lymphocytes; the gap between epithelial cells was enlarged, and the tight junction was opened. On the third day after inoculation, the epithelial structure of tonsil mucosa with sodium cholate was basically restored and almost no cells detached from the epithelium were observed. Tight junctions between the two promote the absorption of inactivated viruses. Although sodium cholate can cause partial epithelial exfoliation, this side effect is temporary and can be repaired in a short time.
【學位授予單位】：南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：R392;R373
本文編號：2180458
[Abstract]:In this paper, goat respiratory tract-related lymphoid tissue was studied. The morphological characteristics, the distribution of antibody-secreting cells and CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in goat respiratory tract-related lymphoid tissue were studied by histological light microscopy, electron microscopy and immunohistochemical techniques. Cholic acid was also studied. The effects of sodium on the absorption and inactivation of virus in the nasal cavity-associated tonsillar epithelium of goats were studied.
1. the general histological characteristics of respiratory related lymphoid tissue in goats
The results showed that there were few epithelial layers of pharyngeal tonsil and eustachian tube tonsil located in nasopharyngeal passage, and there were only monolayer flat cells in some areas. The gap between adjacent epithelial cells was very large, and there was a gap between epithelial cells and the lamina propria beneath the mucosal epithelium. The mucosal epithelium of the soft palatine tonsil, located in the oropharyngeal passage, is stratified squamous epithelium. The epithelium recesses into the mucosa and forms many crypts. The parenchyma of the tonsil is composed of several secondary lymphatic nodules and diffuse lymphoid tissue. A large number of lymphatic vessels and capillaries can be observed in the diffuse lymphoid tissue. There were a few lymphocyte infiltration beneath the mucosal epithelium of trachea and bronchial fork, and more lymphocyte distribution in the lamina propria of trachea and bronchioles in the lungs. The results suggested that the morphological characteristics of lymphoid tissues associated with respiratory tract in goats were beneficial to antigen absorption and local immune response, especially in goats. The pharyngeal tonsils and eustachian tube tonsils of sheep can be used as the main inducing sites and effector sites of nasal immunity.
2. the distribution of IgA and IgG secretory cells in respiratory tract of goat
Immunohistochemical technique was used to study the changes of IgA and IgG secreting cells in goat respiratory tract.The results showed that in tonsil, IgA and IgG secreting cells were mainly located below mucosal epithelium, in trachea, IgA and IgG secreting cells were mainly located below mucosal epithelium and around tracheal gland, and in lung, two kinds of secreting cells were mainly distributed. In addition, more antibody secreting cells were observed in tonsil and tracheal epithelium. Statistical analysis of the two secreting cells showed that IgA secreting cells were the most abundant in eustachian tube tonsil, followed by soft palate tonsil, pharyngeal tonsil and trachea, and the least in lung. The results showed that there were more antibody-secreting cells in the respiratory tract of goats, but the distribution of antibody-secreting cells in different parts of the respiratory tract was not the same, which could provide theoretical basis for the study of goat respiratory mucosal immunity. According to it.
3. the distribution of CD4+ and CD8+T lymphocytes in respiratory tract of goat
The changes of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in the respiratory tract of goats were studied by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that two kinds of T lymphocytes in tonsils were mainly located below the mucosal epithelium; in trachea, two kinds of T lymphocytes were mainly distributed around the tracheal gland; and in lung, two kinds of T lymphocytes were mainly distributed in the alveolar septum. The distribution of T lymphocytes was also found in the epithelium of tonsil mucosa. Statistical analysis showed that CD4 + T lymphocytes were the most distributed in tonsils, the least in trachea and lungs; CD8 + T lymphocytes were the most in eustachian tube tonsils, followed by pharyngeal tonsils, soft palate tonsils and lungs, and the least in trachea. There are many effector T lymphocytes in the nasal cavity of goats.
Effect of 4. sodium cholate on inactivation of virus in mucosa of goat nasal cavity related tonsil
To study the morphological mechanism of sodium cholate promoting the absorption of avian influenza virus (AIV) by nasal mucosal epithelium of nasal associated tonsils in goats. After inoculating sodium cholate and inactivated avian influenza virus into nasal cavity, the changes of the epithelial structure of pharyngeal tonsils and eustachian tube tonsils and the absorption of inactivated virus were studied by histological light microscopy and electron microscopy. After inactivating the virus alone, the epithelial structure of tonsil mucosa was intact. However, after inactivating the virus with sodium cholate or sodium cholate, a large number of cells detached from the mucosal epithelium were observed in the tonsil. Most of the cells were epithelial cells and lymphocytes; the gap between epithelial cells was enlarged, and the tight junction was opened. On the third day after inoculation, the epithelial structure of tonsil mucosa with sodium cholate was basically restored and almost no cells detached from the epithelium were observed. Tight junctions between the two promote the absorption of inactivated viruses. Although sodium cholate can cause partial epithelial exfoliation, this side effect is temporary and can be repaired in a short time.
【學位授予單位】：南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：R392;R373
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