發(fā)布時間：2018-05-20 11:21

  本文選題：醫(yī)患溝通 + 心理因素�。� 參考：《廣州醫(yī)學(xué)院》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：醫(yī)患溝通作為人際溝通的特殊類型,在醫(yī)患關(guān)系的形成、醫(yī)患糾紛的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和解決有著重要影響。本研究以廣州地區(qū)為調(diào)查點(diǎn),通過自行設(shè)計的量表對醫(yī)生、患者和社會公眾三個群體進(jìn)行“關(guān)于醫(yī)患溝通的調(diào)查”,結(jié)論如下:①醫(yī)生普遍壓力過大,壓力主要來源于工作任務(wù)重、責(zé)任大,同時社會對醫(yī)療行業(yè)的否定、患者及家屬的不配合、工作待遇低、也構(gòu)成了醫(yī)生的壓力來源。②診療過程中大部分患者表現(xiàn)出擔(dān)心、焦急、敏感、多疑等負(fù)性情緒,相當(dāng)部分患者的負(fù)性情緒未得到醫(yī)生的安撫,對此醫(yī)生和患者的評價之間存在差異,患者對醫(yī)生服務(wù)的滿意度偏低。③對于治療方案制定者的選擇,醫(yī)生、患者和公眾三方的意見不一。④醫(yī)患雙方對診療時間是否足夠、醫(yī)生解釋病情的詳細(xì)程度及醫(yī)生是否確認(rèn)解釋的評價存在統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義上的差異,但總體而言,雙方均認(rèn)為診療時間不足夠、解釋病情不夠詳細(xì)、許多情況下醫(yī)生未向患者確認(rèn)解釋。⑤雙方均認(rèn)為患者未完全聽懂醫(yī)生解釋,并認(rèn)為太多專業(yè)詞匯是患者聽不懂解釋的主要原因。⑥醫(yī)患雙方對治療失效的歸因各不相同。 針對以上結(jié)果,提出以下建議,從政策層面:①加大對醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)的投入;②健全基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生制度;③進(jìn)一步完善醫(yī)療保障制度;④建立醫(yī)療責(zé)任共擔(dān)機(jī)制和保險制度;⑤建立并強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行醫(yī)務(wù)人員定期休假制度。從組織層面:①完善醫(yī)院分配制度和獎懲機(jī)制;②完善醫(yī)院危機(jī)管理策略;③建立緩解醫(yī)生壓力的長效機(jī)制;④加強(qiáng)醫(yī)生醫(yī)患溝通技能的教育和培訓(xùn);⑤提供良好的就醫(yī)環(huán)境;⑥保證患者充足的診療時間。從個人層面,對醫(yī)生而言:①在診療過程中要了解并尊重患者需要,認(rèn)真對待患者的反饋意見,避免自利歸因;②要樹立起正確的人生觀、價值觀、世界觀,認(rèn)識到醫(yī)學(xué)和自身能力的局限性;③培養(yǎng)健康的生活方式,建立良好的社會支持系統(tǒng)。對患者而言:①需要正確看待醫(yī)生和醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)的作用;②提高科學(xué)文化素質(zhì),理性看待疾病狀態(tài);③理解醫(yī)生的辛勞和壓力。
[Abstract]:As a special type of interpersonal communication, doctor-patient communication plays an important role in the formation of doctor-patient relationship, the occurrence, development and resolution of doctor-patient disputes. Taking Guangzhou area as the investigation point, this study conducted a survey on the communication between doctors, patients and the public through a self-designed scale. The conclusions are as follows: Dr. 1 is generally under too much pressure. The pressure is mainly due to the heavy work tasks and heavy responsibilities. At the same time, the social negation of the medical industry, the lack of cooperation between patients and their families, and the low working conditions also constitute a source of pressure for doctors. 2. During the course of diagnosis and treatment, most patients show concern. Negative emotions such as anxiety, sensitivity, and paranoia are not appeased by doctors, and there are differences between doctors and patients. The patient's satisfaction with the doctor's service is on the low side. 3. The choice of the treatment plan maker, the doctor, the patient and the public have different opinions on whether the doctor and patient have enough time for the diagnosis and treatment, There were statistically significant differences in the degree of detail of the doctor's explanation of the condition and whether the doctor confirmed the explanation, but in general, both sides considered that the diagnosis and treatment time was not sufficient and the explanation was not sufficiently detailed. In many cases, doctors do not confirm the explanation to patients. 5 both sides think that patients do not fully understand the doctor's explanation, and think that too much professional vocabulary is the main reason why patients do not understand the explanation .6 the reasons for failure of treatment between doctors and patients are different. In view of the above results, this paper puts forward the following suggestions: to increase the investment in medical institutions from the policy level, to improve the basic medical and health care system and to further improve the medical security system. 4. To establish a medical responsibility sharing mechanism and an insurance system; Establish and enforce the system of regular leave for medical personnel. From the organizational level to improve the hospital distribution system and reward and punishment mechanism and improve the hospital crisis management strategy to establish a long-term mechanism to relieve the pressure of doctors (4) to strengthen doctor-patient communication skills education and training to provide a good medical environment; Ensure adequate time for diagnosis and treatment of patients. At the personal level, to the doctor, in the process of diagnosis and treatment, the doctor should understand and respect the needs of the patient, take the patient's feedback seriously, avoid self-interest attribution and establish a correct outlook on life, values, and world outlook. Recognize the limitations of medicine and ability to develop a healthy lifestyle and establish a good social support system. To the patients, the role of doctors and medical science should be regarded correctly and the scientific and cultural quality should be improved, and the state of illness should be viewed rationally. (3) to understand the hard work and pressure of doctors.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣州醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：R395

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本文編號：1914414