本文選題：麻疹病毒　切入點(diǎn)：F基因　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：麻疹作為麻疹病毒引起的一種急性呼吸道傳染病，對(duì)兒童危害嚴(yán)重,在我國(guó)被列為計(jì)劃免疫防治傳染病之一，也是法定報(bào)告的37種傳染病中乙類傳染病之一。病毒一般通過(guò)飛沫傳播，典型的臨床癥狀有發(fā)熱、上呼吸道炎癥、眼結(jié)膜炎等，皮膚呈現(xiàn)紅色斑丘疹及口腔粘膜疹，丘疹退后遺留色素沉著。人類是麻疹病毒的主要宿主，麻疹病毒只能感染某些類人猿與人類。 本研究收集2011年麻疹疑似病例標(biāo)本5份，用Vero/SLAM進(jìn)行分離培養(yǎng)，均出現(xiàn)典型的細(xì)胞融合效應(yīng)，有明顯的細(xì)胞融合病變。通過(guò)RNA提取，F(xiàn)和H基因核苷酸擴(kuò)增檢測(cè)，并進(jìn)行測(cè)序，鑒定5株野毒株全部為麻疹病毒。應(yīng)用JModeltest對(duì)進(jìn)化樹(shù)模型進(jìn)行分析篩選，，結(jié)合MEGA5.05現(xiàn)有的可操作模型，作為進(jìn)化樹(shù)的構(gòu)建模型，繪制進(jìn)化樹(shù)。研究分離出的野毒株與國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)株Edmonston株、疫苗株滬-191株和長(zhǎng)-47株以及國(guó)外麻疹病毒株的對(duì)應(yīng)序列的基因親緣關(guān)系。結(jié)果顯示：5株病毒H gene與H1a基因型代表株China93-4的核苷酸同源性為99.0%～99.3%，與Edmonston株相比，核苷酸同源性為94.8%～95.1%，5株麻疹病毒的組內(nèi)距離在0.001～0.004之間；5株病毒F gene與疫苗株滬-19株和長(zhǎng)-47株相比，核苷酸同源性均為98.9%～99.0%，與Edmonston株相比，核苷酸同源性為99.0%～99.2%。5株麻疹野毒株與不同的疫苗株之間差異不大，5株麻疹病毒的組內(nèi)距離在0.001～0.003之間。 研究結(jié)果證明5株麻疹野病毒基因序列差異較小，且與2010年接種強(qiáng)化疫苗前的野毒株相比，新分離的野毒株未見(jiàn)明顯變異。野毒株與H1a基因亞型代表株China93-4相比，差異較小。而與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)株Edmonston株、疫苗株滬-191株和長(zhǎng)-47株相比，遺傳距離差異較大，核苷酸水平和氨基酸水平上都出現(xiàn)了較大的變異。
[Abstract]:As an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by measles virus, measles is very harmful to children. The virus is usually transmitted by droplets. Typical clinical symptoms include fever, inflammation of the upper respiratory tract, eye conjunctivitis, etc. The skin presents red macular papules and oral mucosal rash. Papules remain pigmentation. Humans are the main hosts of measles viruses that infect only certain apes and humans. In this study, we collected 5 suspected measles cases in 2011, isolated and cultured with Vero/SLAM, all of them showed typical cell fusion effect and obvious cell fusion lesion. The nucleotide amplification of F and H genes was detected by RNA and sequenced. Five wild virus strains were identified as measles virus. The evolutionary tree model was analyzed and screened by JModeltest, and the existing operable model of MEGA5.05 was used as the model to construct the evolutionary tree. Phylogenetic trees. isolated wild and international standard Edmonston strains, The results showed that the nucleotide homology of H gene and H1 A representative strain China93-4 was 99.0 ~ 99.3, which was higher than that of Edmonston strain, compared with that of Edmonston strain, and the nucleotide homology of H _ (1) -191 strain, Chang -47 strain and foreign measles virus strain was 99.0 ~ 99.3, compared with that of Edmonston strain. The nucleotide homology of 5 strains of measles virus was 94.8% and 95.1% respectively, and the nucleotide homology of F gene was 98.9% and 99.0% compared with that of vaccine strain Hu -19 and Chang -47, respectively, and compared with that of Edmonston strain, and the nucleotide homology of 5 strains of F gene was 0.001 ~ 0.004, compared with that of vaccine strain Hu -19 and Chang -47, respectively. The nucleotide homology was 99.0 and 99.2.5 strains of measles virus and different vaccine strains. The group distance of 5 strains of measles virus was 0.001 ~ 0.003. The results showed that there was little difference in gene sequence among the five wild measles virus strains, and there was no significant variation in the new wild virus strains compared with the wild virus strains before inoculation in 2010. The wild virus strains were compared with the representative strains of H1 a gene subtype (China93-4). Compared with the standard strain Edmonston strain, vaccine strain Hu -191 strain and Chang-47 strain, the difference of genetic distance was greater, and the nucleotide level and amino acid level had great variation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R373.1

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