本文關(guān)鍵詞： 骨形成蛋白7 Notch 前列腺 泌尿生殖系統(tǒng) 胚胎　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2011年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：哺乳動物的泌尿生殖系統(tǒng)、膀胱、尿道和外生殖器從胚胎后腸尾部的泄殖腔發(fā)育而來。泌尿生殖管畸形在人類的發(fā)生率很高,而且經(jīng)常伴隨著泌尿外生殖器的畸形和尿道直腸隔的缺失。泌尿生殖系統(tǒng)的形態(tài)學(xué)發(fā)育機制還不清楚。泌尿生殖系統(tǒng)的發(fā)育機制、肛門直腸和生殖器官畸形的遺傳原因是目前該領(lǐng)域研究的熱點問題之一。 (1)應(yīng)用骨形成蛋白7缺失轉(zhuǎn)基因小鼠來研究骨形成蛋白7在小鼠泌尿生殖系統(tǒng)的表達(dá)、以及病理學(xué)改變。并通過骨形成蛋白7缺失和其它信號通路如wnt、wnt/pcp之間的關(guān)系,闡明骨形成蛋白7引起的小鼠泌尿生殖系統(tǒng)變化的機制。(2)選用三個前列腺特異的轉(zhuǎn)基因小鼠系統(tǒng),研究增強和缺失Notch信號對小鼠前列腺發(fā)育的影響。 研究表明BMP7在泄殖腔膈的發(fā)育過程中,在泄殖腔的內(nèi)胚層發(fā)育、分化過程中起著非常重要的作用。尿道和后腸的形成直接受BMP7、典型和非典型WNT信號通路調(diào)節(jié)。在人和小鼠泄殖腔內(nèi)胚層發(fā)育過程中,BMP7缺失可以引起尿道和直腸不能形成、泌尿直腸畸形和尿道下裂。BMP7在泄殖腔的形態(tài)發(fā)育過程中,抑制典型Wnt信號通路、BMP7促進非典型Wnt信號通路,促進細(xì)胞的增殖和細(xì)胞的極性分化,抑制細(xì)胞的程序性死亡。 此外,Notch信號通路在前列腺的發(fā)育過程中也具有相當(dāng)重要的作用,它可以促進前列腺上皮細(xì)胞和間質(zhì)細(xì)胞的增生、抑制上皮細(xì)胞分化;Notch信號的增強表達(dá)可以引起前列腺上皮的良性增生。
[Abstract]:Mammalian genitourinary system, bladder, urethra, and external genitalia developed from the cloacal cauda of the post-embryonic intestine. The incidence of urogenital malformations is high in humans. And often accompanied by external genitourinary malformation and the absence of urethral rectum. The mechanism of urogenital morphological development is not clear. The genetic cause of anorectal and genital malformations is one of the hot issues in this field. 1) to study the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 7 in the genitourinary system of mice with bone morphogenetic protein 7 deletion transgenic mice. And pathological changes. And the relationship between bone morphogenetic protein 7 deletion and other signaling pathways such as wntnt / pcp. To elucidate the mechanism of genitourinary system changes induced by bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP 7) three prostate specific transgenic mice were selected. To study the effects of enhanced and absent Notch signal on prostate development in mice. BMP7 plays an important role in the development of cloaca diaphragm and in the development and differentiation of endoderm of cloacal cavity. The formation of urethra and hindgut is directly affected by BMP7. Typical and atypical WNT signaling pathways are regulated. During the development of endoderm in human and mouse cloacal cavity, the absence of BMP7 may lead to failure of urethra and rectum. Urorectum malformation and hypospadias. BMP7 inhibits typical Wnt signaling pathway and promotes atypical Wnt signaling pathway during the development of cloaca. Promote cell proliferation and cell polarity differentiation, inhibit programmed cell death. In addition, Notch signaling pathway also plays an important role in the development of prostate. It can promote the proliferation of prostatic epithelial cells and interstitial cells and inhibit the differentiation of epithelial cells. The enhanced expression of Notch signal may lead to benign hyperplasia of prostate epithelium.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：R363

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