【摘要】：1918年,成舍我參加北京大學"馬克思主義研究小組"的第一次集會,同時宣布放棄"你的是我的,我的還是我的"的主義。他并沒有因為放棄這一"主義"而與馬克思主義學說隔絕,反而連續(xù)發(fā)表四篇介紹馬克思主義學說的譯文,從而成為事實上的中國早期馬克思主義學說的傳播者之一。這一傳播活動更對成舍我的思想認識產(chǎn)生了影響。馬克思主義學說在成舍我的報業(yè)實踐里,具象化為"勞資"沖突問題,成舍我提出了"資本"與"言論"相分離,"資本家出錢","專家辦報","老百姓說話","政府認真扶助,依法管制"一系列消除報業(yè)勞資沖突的理論構(gòu)想。消除勞資沖突,不僅是成舍我十幾年報業(yè)實踐的努力方向,更是他進行"手腦并用"新聞教育試驗的精神淵藪。成舍我試圖消除報業(yè)勞資沖突的理想追求過程,也是他對馬克思主義學說的認知過程�！读蟆穭�(chuàng)造了日報發(fā)行20萬份以上的一個神話,但與"日銷行百萬"之目標相距甚遠,更無法在新聞領(lǐng)域消滅勞資對立。世界新聞�？茖W校的本科班沒有辦成,也不僅僅是因為戰(zhàn)亂的紛擾。勞資對立的消除要靠社會制度的根本變革,而不是某一領(lǐng)域小部分人的革新,成舍我在摘譯《共產(chǎn)黨的宣言》時對此有清楚的表述,但在追求新聞理想過程中,恰恰又忽視了這一點。無論是新聞實踐領(lǐng)域的"資本"與"言論"分立,還是通過新聞教育進行"腦力勞動和筋肉勞動"合二為一的人才培養(yǎng),都忽視了社會制度變革這一根本性前提,這決定了成舍我的報刊實踐與新聞教育試驗只能成為烏托邦。
[Abstract]:In 1918, I attended the first rally of the Marxist Research Group of Peking University and announced that I would give up the doctrine of "yours is mine, mine or mine." Instead of being isolated from Marxist theory because he abandoned this "doctrine", he published four translations introducing Marxist theory in a row, thus becoming one of the communicators of the de facto early Marxist theory in China. This communication activity has had an impact on my ideological understanding. In the practice of newspaper industry, Marxism theory has become the problem of "labor and capital" conflict. Cheng has put forward a series of theoretical ideas to eliminate the conflicts between "capital" and "speech", "capitalists pay money", "experts run newspapers", "ordinary people speak" and "the government seriously supports and controls according to law" a series of theoretical ideas to eliminate the conflicts between labor and capital in the newspaper industry. Eliminating labor conflicts is not only the direction of my newspaper practice for more than ten years, but also the spiritual source of his experiment of "using both hands and brains" in news education. The ideal pursuit process of trying to eliminate the labor conflict in the newspaper industry is also his cognitive process of Marxist theory. The newspaper created a myth that more than 200000 copies of the daily newspaper were published, but it is far from the goal of "millions of daily sellers", let alone eliminate labor opposition in the field of news. The class of the World Journalism School has not been completed, and it is not only because of the chaos of the war. The elimination of labor antagonism depends on the fundamental reform of the social system, not the innovation of a small number of people in a certain field. I have clearly stated this in the excerpt of the Manifesto of the Communist Party, but in the process of pursuing the ideal of news, it has just ignored this point. Whether it is the separation of "capital" and "speech" in the field of news practice, or the cultivation of talents who combine "mental labor and muscle labor" through journalism education, they ignore the fundamental premise of social system reform, which determines that the newspaper practice and news education experiment can only become utopia.
【作者單位】： 天津師范大學新聞傳播學院;
【基金】：天津市哲學社會科學規(guī)劃項目“民國新聞學術(shù)期刊與新聞學術(shù)”(TJXC17-003)
【分類號】：G219.29

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