本文選題：《環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)》 + 特朗普報(bào)道��； 參考：《南京師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：2016年美國大選成為媒體關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn),而特朗普在大選中發(fā)表偏激言論和獨(dú)特的個(gè)性更是引起了媒體的關(guān)注。政治素人出身的特朗普在競選美國總統(tǒng)時(shí)意外的獲得了較高的支持率。自此以后,特朗普就成為全世界媒體關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。《環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)》對美國大選和特朗普進(jìn)行了大篇幅的報(bào)道。《環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)》作為主打國際新聞報(bào)道的央媒,同時(shí)市場化運(yùn)營程度較高,可以說是研究美國大選和特朗普報(bào)道很好的平臺(tái)。本研究以美國大選期間《環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)》對特朗普的報(bào)道為文本,運(yùn)用量化分析和質(zhì)化分析相結(jié)合的方法對相關(guān)類目進(jìn)行分析。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在特朗普報(bào)道數(shù)量上,《環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)》對特朗普的報(bào)道量遠(yuǎn)大于希拉里等其他總統(tǒng)參選人,特朗普是媒體關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn);報(bào)道體裁上,形式多樣,其中評論和深度報(bào)道占比相對較多;報(bào)道議題上,《環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)》的報(bào)道議題與特朗普的政策議題之間有明顯的對應(yīng)性,但也有選擇性的側(cè)重;新聞圖片上,《環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)》對特朗普和希拉里的視覺形象的選擇一定程度上體現(xiàn)了媒體對這兩位候選人的態(tài)度和看法,有很強(qiáng)的隱喻性;在社評方面,《環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)》以批判性為總的基調(diào),主要是結(jié)合候選人言論和政治現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行制度層面的批評;信息來源上,《環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)》大選中特朗普報(bào)道的新聞內(nèi)容采用多方引證的方式,選取包括西方媒體在內(nèi)的信息源,使得新聞報(bào)道體現(xiàn)出更多的客觀性。在對《環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)》關(guān)于特朗普報(bào)道文本分析的基礎(chǔ)上,本研究對特朗普媒介形象以及背后的原因進(jìn)行了探究。發(fā)現(xiàn)在預(yù)選、特朗普成為總統(tǒng)候選人和贏得美國大選這三個(gè)階段中,特朗普形象是一個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)變化的過程。預(yù)選階段,特朗普是“大嘴”和“政治狂人”,是中美關(guān)系的不友好者以及主流價(jià)值觀的挑戰(zhàn)者。在成為總統(tǒng)候選人后,特朗普是遭受質(zhì)疑和諷刺的總統(tǒng)候選人,是和主流媒體叫板的民粹代言人。在贏得美國大選后,特朗普轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐粋�(gè)“另類”總統(tǒng),習(xí)特會(huì)前后,特朗普形象轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橹忻狸P(guān)系的友好者和維護(hù)者。可以看出,在美國大選的不同的階段,特朗普的媒介形象呈現(xiàn)各有不同。原因在于《環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)》對特朗普報(bào)道的總基調(diào)追隨美媒議程,再加上特朗普的驚人言論又有較大的新聞價(jià)值,所以特朗普形象一直較為負(fù)面。特朗普的成為總統(tǒng)候選人后,《環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)》將特朗普抽象為“特朗普現(xiàn)象”,進(jìn)行了多篇幅和多角度的深度報(bào)道,“民粹”形象由此建構(gòu)出來。黨媒關(guān)于特朗普的報(bào)道講求輿論引導(dǎo),符合政治傳播的要求,特朗普勝選后,由于中美關(guān)系的基本面不變,《環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)》通過相關(guān)正面報(bào)道完成特朗普形象的轉(zhuǎn)型�！董h(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)》在美國大選中特朗普的報(bào)道基本是在正確的輿論導(dǎo)向的前提下,新聞內(nèi)容在不同的版面有不同的細(xì)分,深度報(bào)道采用系列式和跟進(jìn)式的手法,給讀者提供了多元的視角來觀察特朗普及美國大選。同時(shí),作為市場化較為成功的黨媒,《環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)》比較注重新聞報(bào)道的趣味性,特朗普報(bào)道基本做到了嚴(yán)肅性和趣味性兼顧�！董h(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)》在特朗普報(bào)道中的傾向性問題是明顯的,新聞內(nèi)容一般多方引用外媒信源來顯示客觀,但通過情緒性和否定性的詞語使得其傾向性很明顯。政治人物形象在傳統(tǒng)媒體平臺(tái)和新媒體平臺(tái)的差異也反映了傳統(tǒng)媒介的很多問題。媒介技術(shù)迭代式發(fā)展,傳統(tǒng)媒體在新的媒介環(huán)境下對于重大的國際新聞事件的報(bào)道優(yōu)勢在不斷喪失,不同平臺(tái)的話語方式不一樣,特朗普形象在傳統(tǒng)媒體平臺(tái)和新媒介平臺(tái)存在著割裂的狀態(tài)。傳統(tǒng)媒介平臺(tái)的官方話語要與民間話語進(jìn)行溝通,這樣兩個(gè)平臺(tái)的形象割裂才能進(jìn)一步得到彌合。自媒體平臺(tái)給優(yōu)質(zhì)內(nèi)容的提供了更多的渠道,所以在自媒體平臺(tái),不僅有更優(yōu)質(zhì)的深度內(nèi)容,而且角度也更加多元化。這樣以來,傳統(tǒng)媒介平臺(tái)的深度報(bào)道的優(yōu)勢正逐漸喪失,值得我們認(rèn)真反思。
[Abstract]:In 2016, the American election became the focus of media attention, and Trump's extreme comments and unique personalities in the general election have attracted the attention of the media. Trump, a political man from the United States, received a higher rate of support when he ran for the president of the United States. Since then, Trump has become the focus of the world's media attention. < universal. The times > the U. S. election and Trump. The global times, as the central medium for international news reports, has a high level of market operation, which can be said to be a good platform for the study of the United States general election and the Trump report. It is found that, in the number of reports of Trump, the coverage of Trump is far greater than Hilary and other presidential candidates, and Trump is the focus of media attention. In the genre, there are various forms of coverage in which comments and depth reports are compared. On the topic of the report, there is a clear correspondence between the issue of the global times and the policy issues of Trump, but it also has a selective focus. On the news picture, the choice of the visual image of Trump and Hilary in the Global Times reflects the media's attitude and view of the two candidates to a certain extent, with a strong metaphor. In terms of social review, the global times is critical as the general keynote, mainly on the system level of the candidate's speech and political phenomena; in the information source, the news content reported by Trump in the global times general election adopts a multi Citation Method and selects information sources including the western media to make the news reports embody More objectivity is made. On the basis of the analysis of Trump's text on the global times, this study explores the image of Trump and the reasons behind it. It is found that in the three stages of the preelection, Trump is the presidential candidate and the election of the United States, the image of Trump is a dynamic process. Trump is a "big mouth" and a "political maniac", a challenger to the unfriendly relations between China and the United States and the mainstream values. After becoming presidential candidate, Trump is a candidate for challenge and irony and a popular spokesman with the mainstream media. After winning the U. S. election, Trump turned into a "alternative". Before and after the presidency, the image of Trump turned into a friendly and defender of Sino US relations. It can be seen that in the different stages of the United States general election, Trump's media image is different. The reason is that the global times follows the general tone of Trump's report, followed by the United States media, and the astonishing remarks of Trump are larger. As a result of the news value, the image of Trump has been relatively negative. After Trump's becoming presidential candidate, the Global Times has abstracted Trump into the "Trump phenomenon", and has carried out a deep and multi angle in-depth report. The image of "the populist" has been constructed. The report of the party media about Trump is to guide the public opinion and be in line with the political communication. After Trump won the election, the Global Times has completed the transformation of Trump's image through the relevant positive reports. < Global Times > in the general election of the United States, Trump's report is basically under the premise of correct guidance of public opinion, the news content has different subdivisions in different pages, and the depth reports are adopted. Series and follow-up techniques provide readers with a multidimensional perspective to observe the popularity of the general election in the United States. At the same time, as a more successful market oriented party media, the Global Times has more interest in news reports. Trump reports are basically serious and interesting. The tendency of the global times in Trump reports. The problem is obvious. The news content generally refers to the external media sources to display the objective, but the tendency is obvious by the emotional and negative words. The difference of the political figure's image in the traditional media platform and the new media platform also reflects many problems of the traditional media. The media technology is developed iteratively and the traditional media is new Under the media environment, the advantages of the major international news events are losing, and the different platforms are dissimilar. The image of Trump is fragmented in the traditional media platform and the new media platform. The official discourse of the traditional media platform should communicate with the folk discourse, so the image of the two platforms can be separated. Since the media platform has provided more channels for quality content, there is not only a better depth of content, but also a more diversified perspective on the self media platform. In this way, the advantages of the deep coverage of the traditional media platform are gradually losing, and we are seriously reflecting on it.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G212

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