本文選題：數(shù)據(jù)新聞　切入點(diǎn)：專業(yè)失范　出處：《武漢大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著數(shù)據(jù)新聞的興起與全球擴(kuò)散,中國(guó)的數(shù)據(jù)新聞實(shí)踐如火如荼。而在數(shù)據(jù)新聞成為國(guó)內(nèi)各類媒體"標(biāo)配"的同時(shí),其專業(yè)失范現(xiàn)象頻發(fā),發(fā)展遭遇瓶頸。本文在厘清數(shù)據(jù)新聞的內(nèi)涵邊界與價(jià)值屬性,闡明其文化基因與變革意義,梳理其規(guī)范研究相關(guān)成果的基礎(chǔ)上,確立數(shù)據(jù)新聞的媒體生產(chǎn)作為研究對(duì)象,以期由此探明造成國(guó)內(nèi)數(shù)據(jù)新聞專業(yè)失范的原因所在。依據(jù)場(chǎng)域理論的研究框架,本文圍繞基本認(rèn)知、角色定位、管理機(jī)制、組織架構(gòu)、生產(chǎn)流程與文化氛圍等六大議題,對(duì)來(lái)自門戶網(wǎng)站、傳統(tǒng)媒體、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)公司與獨(dú)立新聞機(jī)構(gòu)的九名數(shù)據(jù)新聞從業(yè)者展開(kāi)深度訪談,以求以此為依托,闡釋國(guó)內(nèi)數(shù)據(jù)新聞實(shí)踐的內(nèi)在機(jī)制與邏輯。在數(shù)據(jù)新聞媒體生產(chǎn)的場(chǎng)域?qū)傩跃S度,研究發(fā)現(xiàn),數(shù)據(jù)新聞子場(chǎng)域由于受制于新聞立法進(jìn)展緩慢、數(shù)據(jù)開(kāi)放程度不足的政治場(chǎng),市場(chǎng)化改革步履維艱、數(shù)據(jù)可獲取性尚待加強(qiáng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)場(chǎng),開(kāi)放程度亟待提升的文化場(chǎng),以及新聞職業(yè)化水平低下的媒介場(chǎng),而成為結(jié)構(gòu)化空間。其中,數(shù)據(jù)新聞生產(chǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)的管理與運(yùn)行在博取注意力的趨利追求下,透顯出彈性工作制遮蔽下亟待提升的薪資水平,技術(shù)人才的普遍缺失,自上而下的控制機(jī)制,與用戶思維的普遍缺位等諸多不足。在數(shù)據(jù)新聞生產(chǎn)慣習(xí)的動(dòng)態(tài)生成機(jī)制維度,本文認(rèn)為,組織間的合作與分享機(jī)制是數(shù)據(jù)新聞實(shí)踐理性策略的主要實(shí)施路徑,其在數(shù)據(jù)新聞子場(chǎng)域向政治場(chǎng)、經(jīng)濟(jì)場(chǎng)、文化場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)奪數(shù)據(jù)資源的過(guò)程中扮演著重要角色;而政治場(chǎng)、經(jīng)濟(jì)場(chǎng)與媒介場(chǎng)對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)新聞子場(chǎng)域的控制,功利目標(biāo)下,基于資本、占位異質(zhì)性的"改良式"實(shí)踐與商業(yè)化的管理邏輯,以及認(rèn)知混沌與角色游離導(dǎo)致的從業(yè)者個(gè)體理性策略的缺失共同構(gòu)成非理性策略的動(dòng)態(tài)生成機(jī)制。綜上所述,在作為結(jié)構(gòu)化空間的數(shù)據(jù)新聞子場(chǎng)域中,數(shù)據(jù)新聞天然的調(diào)查性報(bào)道基因與貧瘠的深度報(bào)道土壤的矛盾,與媒體機(jī)構(gòu)嚴(yán)重的人才流失與數(shù)據(jù)新聞對(duì)跨專業(yè)人才內(nèi)在需求的矛盾;商業(yè)屬性明顯的管理與運(yùn)行邏輯;以及數(shù)據(jù)新聞從業(yè)者對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)新聞相關(guān)概念的認(rèn)知混沌與自身職業(yè)的角色游離共同構(gòu)成中國(guó)數(shù)據(jù)新聞專業(yè)失范的深層動(dòng)因。
[Abstract]:With the rise and global diffusion of data news, the practice of data news in China is in full swing. While data news has become the "standard distribution" of all kinds of media in China, the phenomenon of professional anomie occurs frequently. On the basis of clarifying the connotation boundary and value attribute of data news, expounding its cultural gene and significance of change, combing the related achievements of its normative research, this paper establishes the media production of data news as the object of study. According to the research framework of field theory, this paper focuses on six topics, such as basic cognition, role orientation, management mechanism, organizational structure, production process and cultural atmosphere. To conduct in-depth interviews with nine data news practitioners from portals, traditional media, Internet companies and independent news organizations in order to rely on this. This paper explains the internal mechanism and logic of domestic data news practice. In the field attribute dimension of data news media production, it is found that the data news sub-field is restricted by the slow progress of news legislation and the lack of open degree of data. The market reform is difficult, the economic field that the data availability needs to be strengthened, the cultural field that the opening degree needs to be improved urgently, and the media field of the low level of journalism professionalism, and become the structured space. The management and operation of the data news production organization, under the pursuit of seeking attention, reveals the salary level that needs to be promoted under the cover of flexible work system, the general lack of technical talents, and the top-down control mechanism. In the dimension of dynamic generation mechanism of data news production habit, this paper holds that the mechanism of cooperation and sharing among organizations is the main implementation path of practical rational strategy of data news. It plays an important role in the process of competing for data resources from data news subfield to political field, economic field and cultural field, while political field, economic field and media field control data news subfield, based on capital. The "improved" practice and the management logic of commercialization, as well as the lack of individual rational strategies caused by cognitive chaos and role separation, constitute the dynamic generation mechanism of irrational strategies. In the subfield of data news as a structured space, the contradiction between the natural investigative reporting gene and the poor in-depth reporting soil, the serious brain drain of media organizations and the inherent demand of data news for cross-professional talents; The obvious management and operation logic of commercial attributes and the cognitive chaos of data news practitioners on the related concepts of data journalism and the dissociation of their own professional roles constitute the deep causes of the anomie of data journalism in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G210.7

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