【摘要】：陀思妥耶夫斯基塑造的文學人物常因為復雜矛盾的心理,被譽為"雙重人"。"雙重人"一詞在俄語中只有陽性,沒有陰性形式。但是,他筆下的眾多女性形象,通常也具有同樣的復雜矛盾的心理,深入分析這些女性形象之后發(fā)現(xiàn),他們都是不同程度上的"雙重人",因此,"女性雙重人"在陀氏作品中是存在無疑的。而且,這些"女性雙重人"的發(fā)展存在某種規(guī)律,初期的形象較為單薄,后期的形象則十分具備雙重人的特征,因此本篇主要通過各個階段女性雙重人的發(fā)展,探析陀氏作品中女性雙重人發(fā)展的不同階段及其特點。在不同領(lǐng)域?qū)﹄p重人格有不同的定義,比如美國精神病大詞典對于多重人格的定義是這樣的:"一個人具有兩個相對獨特的并相互分開的亞人格,是為雙重人格。是一種癔癥性的分離性心理障礙。"但是,文中探討的陀思妥耶夫斯基式的雙重人格并不是醫(yī)學上的或心理學上的,而是文學上的。這里的雙重人格,更像是"雙重心理",即心理上的雙重性。然而,這又與一般人的矛盾心理不同,一般人都會有矛盾心理,但是陀思妥耶夫斯基筆下的人物,特別是本文要探究的女性人物,他們的矛盾心理十分極端,是綜合了受虐和施虐這兩種極端對立的因素和心理機制的,而且這一心理機制在陀思妥耶夫斯基的作品中,不斷延續(xù)發(fā)展,最終合二為一。本文列舉分析了陀思妥耶夫斯基筆下的六位女性形象,根據(jù)受虐者和施虐者進行了分類,前者是《地下室手記》中的麗莎,《罪與罰》中的索尼婭,后者是《賭徒》中的波琳娜,《白癡》中的納斯塔西婭,而最后兩位女性人物是《卡拉馬佐夫兄弟》中的格魯申卡和卡捷琳娜。通過文本分析,分析這些女性形象的語言與行為,以及與書中其他人物的互動和他人的評價,揭露這些女性形象的心理。研究中發(fā)現(xiàn),前兩位本是受虐者的麗莎與索尼婭,主導心理是受虐心理,可是其中也含有施虐因素,本是施虐者的波琳娜和納斯塔西婭,主導心理是施虐心理,但她們卻也帶有強烈的受虐因素,并且經(jīng)常通過虐待自己而施虐他人,常常把自虐放在了施虐之前。并且,受虐和施虐這兩種力量在他們身上是不斷發(fā)展的,兩種力量的大小在不同人物身上有不同變化。而到了《卡拉馬佐夫兄弟》,格魯申卡和卡捷琳娜這兩位女性形象很難被分進某一類女性形象當中,因為兩者形象都十分強大并綜合,融合受虐者和施虐者的各個方面,而且很難在其中找到一個主導心理。陀思妥耶夫斯基筆下會誕生如此多的受虐者和施虐者以及完整的"女性雙重人"這樣的形象,與很多因素有關(guān)系。經(jīng)本文研究分析,主要有三個原因:第一,陀思妥耶夫斯基的個人生活對他的作品有一定的影響;第二,文學中妓女擔任拯救者的文學傳統(tǒng),即神女情結(jié),對女性雙重人的發(fā)展有一定作用;第三,受虐者和施虐者這兩種形象與復調(diào)和狂歡理論存在內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。本文研究的意義在于,從多個女性形象入手,探析陀氏作品中女性雙重人發(fā)展的不同階段及其特點。
[Abstract]:Tolstoevsky's literary figures are often known as complex contradictions. "Double". "Double" A word is only positive in Russian and has no negative form. However, many of his women's images often have the same complex ambivalence, and in depth analysis of these female images, they find that they are all different "Double" and therefore, "Female Dual" There is no doubt in Tolstoy's works. And, that's all. "Female Dual" There is a certain law in the development of the development of women in the early stage, and the later images are characterized by double characters. Therefore, this thesis mainly analyzes the different stages and characteristics of the female double development in the works by the development of the female at various stages. There are different definitions of dual personality in different fields, such as the definition of multi-personality in American psychiatric dictionaries: "One person has two relatively unique and mutually separated sub-personalities, and is a dual personality. It's a psychogenic psychogenic disorder." However, Tolstoevski's dual personality is not medical or psychological, but literature. It's a double personality, more like "double psychology" That is, psychological duality. However, this is different from the ordinary people's ambivalence, and the general people will be ambivalent, but Dostoevsky's characters, especially the female characters to explore this article, their ambivalence is extremely extreme, It is the combination of the two extreme opposing factors and psychological mechanisms of masochism and masochism, and this psychological mechanism continues to develop in Tolstoevsky's work, and finally integrates into one. This paper enumerates the six female images of Tolstoevsky's works, and classifies them according to the masochist and the masochist. The former is Lisa in the basement of the basement. And the last two women were Grushin and katerina in the Karamazov brothers>. Through the text analysis, analyze the language and behavior of these female images, as well as the interaction with other characters in the book and the evaluation of others, expose the psychology of these female images. The study found that the former two are the abused Lisa and Julia, the dominant psychology is the abuse psychology, but also contains the abuse factor, this is the perpetrator's Paulina and Anastasia, the dominant psychology is the abuse psychology, but they also have a strong abuse factor, And they often abuse themselves and abuse others, and often put self-abuse before the abuse. Moreover, the two forces of masochism and abuse are evolving on them, and the size of the two forces varies in different characters. The images of the two women who have come to the , Glushka and Katerina are difficult to be divided into one category of female images, because both images are powerful and integrated, integrate all aspects of the abused and abusive, and find it difficult to find a dominant mind among them. Dostoevsky will be born so many masochistic and abusers as well as complete "Female Dual" Such an image has a relationship with many factors. Through the research and analysis, there are three reasons: first, the personal life of Dostoevsky has certain influence on his works; secondly, the literature tradition of prostitutes in literature, that is, the female complex, has a certain effect on the development of the female; and thirdly, The two images of the masochist and the masochist are intrinsically linked to the theory of polyphonic and carnival. The significance of this thesis is to analyze the different stages and characteristics of female double development in the works of Tolu' s works from the perspective of multiple female images.
【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：I512.074

【相似文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 陳家楨;鞭打中的性施虐與性受虐心態(tài)——兼談西門慶的鞭戀性喚起意識[J];船山學刊;2000年04期

2 陳家楨;試論春梅施虐心理的形成與擴張[J];北華大學學報(社會科學版);2002年01期

3 鄭方超,蔣艷萍;文化認同:受虐—施虐[J];武漢理工大學學報(社會科學版);2002年01期

4 素黑;;從傷害中學習愛[J];現(xiàn)代保健;2008年Z2期

5 峙冰;;哪一座是在施虐，哪一座是在創(chuàng)造?[J];房地產(chǎn)導刊;2008年07期

6 余心言;災難的考驗[J];前線;2003年07期

7 陳曦;;文學中享虐現(xiàn)象心理探微[J];福建論壇(人文社會科學版);2009年11期

8 Lilla Glass;;與惡人共舞[J];意林;2007年17期

9 劉琳;;權(quán)力魅影背后的主體迷�！惒健斗巧怅P(guān)系》探析[J];湖南工業(yè)大學學報(社會科學版);2011年05期

10 綾徎行人;成潔;;替身(Another)[J];書城;2012年07期

相關(guān)重要報紙文章 前9條

1 李堅;受虐兒童社會監(jiān)管制度亟待完善[N];東莞日報;2009年

2 老黃;教育孩子切忌武力[N];大眾衛(wèi)生報;2006年

3 侯志明;受虐者與施虐者在想什么[N];中國婦女報;2004年

4 阿瀅;戀愛中女性的異常心理[N];華夏時報;2001年

5 本報記者 唐聞佳;誰來保護孩子逃離“施虐父母”[N];文匯報;2011年

6 楊舒怡;菲律賓4名軍人涉縱火施虐被捕[N];新華每日電訊;2011年

7 陸蕓;克服焦慮巧用“自助餐”[N];醫(yī)藥養(yǎng)生保健報;2008年

8 保健時報記者 邱爽;點燃心靈的明燈[N];保健時報;2006年

9 美國《紐約時報》 本報特約編譯 龍江;虐待寵物案難煞美國人[N];世界報;2010年

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前1條

1 張海琳;論陀氏“女性雙重人”形象的形成[D];華東師范大學;2017年

，

本文編號：2272868

suoshi