《大進軍》：一部女性身份的重建史
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-11 08:04
【摘要】：身為二十世紀最杰出的美國作家之一,埃德加·勞倫斯·(E.L.)多克托羅以其獨特的寫作風格和嚴肅的小說題材贏得聲譽。他善于運用后現(xiàn)代寫作手法,將虛構(gòu)和真實的人物放置在特定的歷史背景中加以審視。這種歷史與想象結(jié)合的方式為當代西方文學注入新鮮活力,便于讀者在作者虛構(gòu)的世界中看清現(xiàn)實,同時也能對歷史有更深刻的理解�！洞筮M軍》這部作品于2005年出版,獲得美國全國書評人協(xié)會獎(2005)和美國筆會/�？思{獎(2006)。小說以聲勢浩大的美國南北戰(zhàn)爭為背景,講述歷史人物威廉·特姆庫塞·謝爾曼將軍率領(lǐng)北方軍隊,深入南方中心地帶解放奴隸的故事。在《大進軍》中,多克托羅塑造了各種不同類型的人物,他們都是當時社會的縮影,能充分反映人性,引發(fā)對戰(zhàn)爭、死亡、種族、身份等社會問題的思考。除了一些戰(zhàn)爭中起主導(dǎo)作用的男性人物,小說還描繪了很多讓讀者為之動容的女性人物,例如混血兒珀爾、大法官的女兒埃米莉·湯普森和她的奴隸威爾瑪,以及種植園的女主人馬蒂,戰(zhàn)爭徹底改變了她們原本的生活軌道。盡管經(jīng)歷著失去親人的苦痛、面對未來的困惑和愛情的失意,她們卻不得不承受戰(zhàn)爭使生活變得千瘡百孔的結(jié)果,為了生存而堅強地同一切困難作斗爭。基于女性主義的相關(guān)理論,特別是西蒙娜·德·波伏娃的《第二性》中的觀點,通過文本細讀,本文旨在探索戰(zhàn)爭中女性身份重建的過程,并分析她們不同的命運指向。除緒論和結(jié)論部分,本文包含三章。第一章主要關(guān)注作品中女性人物如何變成南方沉默的他者,探究造成這種邊緣化現(xiàn)象的內(nèi)部和外部原因。通過上述四位女性人物的南方生活,說明傳統(tǒng)社會觀念和女性自我無意識所塑造出的女性形象。第二章研究這四名典型的女性人物如何從一種沉默的狀態(tài)走向自我認識的覺醒并重建自我身份。戰(zhàn)爭使她們失去親人,遭遇愛情的挫折,陷入精神困境,同時也使她們在困境中做出不同選擇,學會獨立成長,重建自我意識和身份。第三章呈現(xiàn)這些女性人物不同的命運指向,反映出作者對女性在男性主導(dǎo)社會中的生存困境的關(guān)懷。珀爾和威爾瑪選擇不同的方式追求自由和獨立的生活,而埃米莉和馬蒂卻成了父權(quán)制的犧牲品。本文在結(jié)論中展現(xiàn)了多克托羅對邊緣人群和她們的身份焦慮的一種人文關(guān)懷,根據(jù)女性人物不同的命運和小說對內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的還原。通過重塑女性形象,多克托羅希望女性能找到一條追求真正自由的道路,實現(xiàn)兩性關(guān)系的和諧。
[Abstract]:As one of the greatest American writers of the twentieth century, E.L. Doctorow earned a reputation for his unique writing style and serious novel themes. He is good at using postmodern writing techniques to examine fictional and real characters in a specific historical background. This combination of history and imagination infuses new vitality into contemporary Western literature so that readers can see the reality in the author's fictional world and have a deeper understanding of history. Won the National Book reviewers Association Award (2005) and the pen / Faulkner Award (2006). Against the backdrop of the mighty American Civil War, the novel tells the story of the liberation of slaves by the historical figure, General William Tmkusse Sherman, who led the Northern Army into the heart of the South. In "the Great March", Doctorow created various types of characters, they were the epitome of the society at that time, which could fully reflect human nature and lead to the thinking of war, death, race, identity and other social problems. In addition to some of the men who played a leading role in the war, the novel depicts many female characters who make readers feel moved, such as Half-Blood Pearl, Justice's daughter Emily Thompson, and her slave Wilma. And Marty, the hostess of the plantation, the war completely changed the course of their lives. Despite the pain of bereavement, the confusion of the future and the frustration of love, they had to bear the consequences of the war that had made life so full of holes that they fought strongly against all difficulties in order to survive. Based on the theories of feminism, especially those in Simone de Bovova's second Sex, this paper aims to explore the process of women's identity reconstruction in the war and analyze their different destiny through careful reading of the text. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper contains three chapters. The first chapter focuses on how the female characters in the works become the silent other in the South and explore the internal and external causes of the marginalization. Through the southern life of the four female characters mentioned above, the traditional social concept and female self-unconscious portray the female image. The second chapter studies how the four typical female characters move from a state of silence to the awakening of self-cognition and the reconstruction of self-identity. The war makes them lose loved ones, encounter the setback of love, fall into spiritual predicament, and make them make different choices in the dilemma, learn to grow independently, and rebuild their self-consciousness and identity. The third chapter presents the different fate of these female characters, reflecting the author's concern for the plight of women in the male-dominated society. Pearl and Wilma chose different ways to pursue a free and independent life, while Emily and Marty fell victim to patriarchy. In the conclusion, this paper shows Doctorow's humanistic concern for the marginal people and their identity anxiety, according to the different fate of the female characters and the restoration of the civil war in the novel. By reshaping the image of women, Doctorow hopes that women will find a way to pursue true freedom and achieve a harmonious relationship between men and women.
【學位授予單位】：四川外國語大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：I712.074
本文編號：2236102
[Abstract]:As one of the greatest American writers of the twentieth century, E.L. Doctorow earned a reputation for his unique writing style and serious novel themes. He is good at using postmodern writing techniques to examine fictional and real characters in a specific historical background. This combination of history and imagination infuses new vitality into contemporary Western literature so that readers can see the reality in the author's fictional world and have a deeper understanding of history. Won the National Book reviewers Association Award (2005) and the pen / Faulkner Award (2006). Against the backdrop of the mighty American Civil War, the novel tells the story of the liberation of slaves by the historical figure, General William Tmkusse Sherman, who led the Northern Army into the heart of the South. In "the Great March", Doctorow created various types of characters, they were the epitome of the society at that time, which could fully reflect human nature and lead to the thinking of war, death, race, identity and other social problems. In addition to some of the men who played a leading role in the war, the novel depicts many female characters who make readers feel moved, such as Half-Blood Pearl, Justice's daughter Emily Thompson, and her slave Wilma. And Marty, the hostess of the plantation, the war completely changed the course of their lives. Despite the pain of bereavement, the confusion of the future and the frustration of love, they had to bear the consequences of the war that had made life so full of holes that they fought strongly against all difficulties in order to survive. Based on the theories of feminism, especially those in Simone de Bovova's second Sex, this paper aims to explore the process of women's identity reconstruction in the war and analyze their different destiny through careful reading of the text. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper contains three chapters. The first chapter focuses on how the female characters in the works become the silent other in the South and explore the internal and external causes of the marginalization. Through the southern life of the four female characters mentioned above, the traditional social concept and female self-unconscious portray the female image. The second chapter studies how the four typical female characters move from a state of silence to the awakening of self-cognition and the reconstruction of self-identity. The war makes them lose loved ones, encounter the setback of love, fall into spiritual predicament, and make them make different choices in the dilemma, learn to grow independently, and rebuild their self-consciousness and identity. The third chapter presents the different fate of these female characters, reflecting the author's concern for the plight of women in the male-dominated society. Pearl and Wilma chose different ways to pursue a free and independent life, while Emily and Marty fell victim to patriarchy. In the conclusion, this paper shows Doctorow's humanistic concern for the marginal people and their identity anxiety, according to the different fate of the female characters and the restoration of the civil war in the novel. By reshaping the image of women, Doctorow hopes that women will find a way to pursue true freedom and achieve a harmonious relationship between men and women.
【學位授予單位】：四川外國語大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：I712.074
【參考文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 李公昭;;分裂的聲音——美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)小說與評論綜述[J];外國文學研究;2009年05期
，本文編號：2236102
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