本文關(guān)鍵詞： 身份認同 重構(gòu) 創(chuàng)傷　出處：《北京外國語大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：《第99層》是黎巴嫩女作家迦娜·法瓦茲·哈桑于2014年出版的一部小說,入選2015年阿拉伯小說國際獎(阿拉伯布克獎)短名單。小說圍繞生活在紐約的巴勒斯坦二代難民麥吉德的身份困境而展開:他未曾踏上過巴勒斯坦的土地,但是一出生就背負著巴勒斯坦悲劇的重負,盡管在紐約收獲了成功事業(yè)和甜蜜愛情,卻無法真正開始新的生活。小說作者希望通過展現(xiàn)男主人公因身份問題的困擾而遇到的生存困境,揭示戰(zhàn)爭造成的身心創(chuàng)傷難以修復(fù),會一直影響人們的心理和生活;同時,通過展開男主人公尋找身份認同的過程,來探討巴勒斯坦戰(zhàn)后一代1重構(gòu)身份的可能。在全球化的時代,本質(zhì)主義的民族主義身份2受到質(zhì)疑,后殖民理論家們一直試圖尋找新的身份認同方式。本論文中,筆者借助心理學(xué)相關(guān)理論,剖析小說主人公的心理創(chuàng)傷,并通過后殖民理論家霍米·巴巴的文化雜交理論,來嘗試分析小說作者所提供的的身份重構(gòu)方式。本論文的主要思路如下:通過剖析作者筆下男主人公麥吉德的當(dāng)下處境,分析祖國和文化在其身份認同中起到的重要作用,以及祖國、文化的丟失和戰(zhàn)爭帶來的創(chuàng)傷如何一步步讓男主人公成為異國的他者;通過展現(xiàn)小說男主人公無論在事業(yè)上、在愛情上以及在其生活環(huán)境中如何盡數(shù)被"無法遺忘的過去"苦苦糾纏,揭示戰(zhàn)爭的創(chuàng)傷在戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束多年后如何在各方面阻撓男主人公確定自己的身份歸屬,并開始新的生活;通過梳理小說相關(guān)情節(jié),分析小說作者如何通過男女主人公相識相愛以及小說充滿希望的開放式結(jié)局來表達自己對戰(zhàn)爭和愛情的看法,以及對戰(zhàn)后一代或幾代巴勒斯坦人在異鄉(xiāng)如何走出過去、重建自我身份的主張。小說作者認為刻意強調(diào)國籍、宗教的差別,會樹立一種二元對立的關(guān)系,通過文化雜交淡化民族身份,通過愛化解仇恨,或許能為這些創(chuàng)傷中無法開始新生活的人提供一條出路。《第99層》雖著眼于巴勒斯坦戰(zhàn)后一代的生存困境,但映射的是全球"少數(shù)族"的邊緣處境,作者對小說人物生存悲劇的思考,對全球化時代的移民、流散現(xiàn)象都有一定的參考價值。
[Abstract]:The 99th floor is a novel published by Lebanese woman writer Gana Favaz Hassan in 2014. Shortlisted for the 2015 International Prize for Arab Fiction (the Arab Booker Prize). The novel revolves around the plight of Meguid, a second-generation Palestinian refugee living in New York: he has never set foot on Palestinian soil. But born with the burden of the Palestinian tragedy, despite the success of New York and sweet love, But they can't really start a new life. The author of the novel hopes to reveal that the physical and mental trauma caused by the war is difficult to repair and will always affect people's psychology and life by showing the plight of the hero's existence because of his identity problems. This paper explores the possibility of reconstructing the identity of the postwar generation of Palestine through the process of seeking identity of the hero. In the era of globalization, the nationalist identity of essentialism is questioned. Postcolonial theorists have been trying to find a new way of identity. In this thesis, the author analyzes the psychological trauma of the protagonist with the help of the theory of psychology, and through the cultural hybrid theory of Homi Baba, the postcolonial theorist. The main ideas of this thesis are as follows: by analyzing the current situation of the protagonist McGid, the author analyzes the important role played by the motherland and culture in his identity. And how the loss of culture and the trauma of war have made the hero a stranger step by step; by presenting the novel hero, regardless of his career, How to be entangled in love and in his living environment by the "past that cannot be forgotten" reveals how the wounds of war, many years after the end of the war, prevent the hero from determining his identity and starting a new life; By combing the relevant plot of the novel, the author analyzes how the novel author expresses his views on war and love through the love of the protagonists and the open ending of the novel, which is full of hope. And the idea of how a generation or generations of post-war Palestinians can walk out of a foreign land and rebuild their identity. The author of the novel thinks that deliberately emphasizing differences in nationality and religion will establish a dualistic relationship. The dilution of national identity through cultural hybridization and the resolution of hatred through love may provide a way out for those who are unable to begin a new life in these traumas. (level 99) though looking at the plight of the post-war Palestinian generation, However, it reflects the marginal situation of the "minority" in the world. The author's thoughts on the tragedy of the existence of the characters in the novel, the migration in the era of globalization, and the phenomenon of dispersal are all of certain reference value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：I378.074

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