本文關(guān)鍵詞：《我們看不見的光》的生態(tài)批評闡釋　出處：《四川師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 安東尼·多爾 《我們看不見的光》 生態(tài)批評 社會生態(tài)學(xué) 生態(tài)女性主義

【摘要】：安東尼·多爾是當(dāng)代美國文壇的后起之秀,其著作頗豐,內(nèi)容多涉及人類道德倫理、神秘的自然世界以及人與自然關(guān)系等議題。自2002年出版處女作《拾貝殼的人》起,多爾已推出兩部短篇小說集、兩部長篇小說和一部回憶錄,其巔峰之作便是《我們看不見的光》。此書是他耗時十年的長篇巨著,自出版便廣受歡迎,并斬獲2015年“普利策獎”。該著借二戰(zhàn)中平凡人的生存困境反思戰(zhàn)爭與科技的本質(zhì),重新審視人與自然的復(fù)雜關(guān)系。目前評論者們僅關(guān)注其中的創(chuàng)作背景、寫作手法和主題分析等方面,卻鮮少有人從生態(tài)角度解讀,但其中涉及諸多自然描寫,蘊(yùn)含獨(dú)特的生態(tài)思想。本文試透過生態(tài)批評視野對該著進(jìn)行細(xì)致分析,以闡明作品中蘊(yùn)含的生態(tài)思想。本文共分五章。第一章是緒論,筆者先對多爾和《我們看不見的光》進(jìn)行簡要介紹,然后梳理作者和作品的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀,并闡明研究方法,回顧生態(tài)批評理論發(fā)展的兩個階段,重點(diǎn)介紹社會生態(tài)學(xué)和生態(tài)女性主義。第二章主要分析多爾生態(tài)意識的社會根源。他的生態(tài)意識來源于他獨(dú)特的人生經(jīng)歷、科技迅速發(fā)展的社會背景和對超驗(yàn)主義的繼承。第三章解讀戰(zhàn)爭中的生態(tài)危機(jī)。多爾筆下的戰(zhàn)爭是人類的噩夢,它不僅破壞巴黎和圣馬洛的自然生態(tài),還使個體的精神生態(tài)變得異化。第四章探尋生態(tài)危機(jī)的社會根源。不平等的人際關(guān)系導(dǎo)致生態(tài)危機(jī)的爆發(fā),人對人的操控決定自然被統(tǒng)治的命運(yùn),而科技則在其中扮演重要角色。納粹軍官馮·倫佩爾是不平等的人際關(guān)系的代表,他為滿足一己私利,將魔爪伸向無辜的人群和自然。而維爾納與《海底兩萬里》則是科技的載體,多爾借二者探討科技與倫理的關(guān)系,重新界定科技的本質(zhì)。第五章從生態(tài)女性主義的視角出發(fā),揭示女性與自然的密切關(guān)系,并探尋人與自然和諧相處的途徑。多爾塑造兩位自然之母——埃萊娜夫人和馬內(nèi)科太太,她們慈愛、包容,養(yǎng)育眾人,或是成為自我犧牲的家庭看護(hù)者,或是在男性的壓迫下憤然反抗。同時,多爾還塑造了一位自然之女——瑪麗洛爾,她是自然的守護(hù)者,與自然有密切的聯(lián)系,并引導(dǎo)處在精神危機(jī)中的維爾納回歸自然。結(jié)語部分則在前文的基礎(chǔ)上總結(jié)作品中的生態(tài)思想:放下貪婪,告別戰(zhàn)爭,與他人和諧相處,效仿女性擁抱自然,回歸自然,只有這樣才能擺脫生態(tài)危機(jī)。
[Abstract]:Anthony Dole is a rising star in contemporary American literature. He has written a lot about human morality and ethics. Topics such as the mysterious natural world and the relationship between man and nature. Since 2002 when he published his first work, the Man who collected Shell, Dole has produced two collections of short stories, two novels and one memoir. His masterpiece is the Light that we can't see. It's a decade of his masterpiece and has been popular ever since it was published. He won the Pulitzer Prize in 2015. It is time to reflect on the nature of war and technology through the plight of ordinary people in World War II. Reexamine the complex relationship between man and nature. At present, critics only pay attention to the creative background, writing techniques and thematic analysis, but few people from an ecological perspective, but involving a lot of natural description. This paper tries to make a detailed analysis of the book through the perspective of ecological criticism in order to clarify the ecological thoughts contained in the works. This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction. The author first briefly introduces Dole and "the Light that we can't see", then combs the domestic and foreign research status of the author and the works, clarifies the research methods, and reviews the two stages of the development of the ecological criticism theory. The second chapter mainly analyzes the social origin of Dole's ecological consciousness. His ecological consciousness comes from his unique life experience. The social background of the rapid development of science and technology and the inheritance of transcendentalism. The third chapter explains the ecological crisis in the war. Dole's war is the nightmare of mankind, it not only destroys the natural ecology of Paris and Saint Marlowe. Chapter 4th explores the social root of ecological crisis. Unequal interpersonal relationship leads to the outbreak of ecological crisis, and the manipulation of human beings determines the fate of natural domination. And technology plays an important role. Nazi officer von Lemper is the representative of unequal relationships that serve his own interests. Extend the claw to innocent people and nature. Werner and the Sea floor 20,000 are carriers of technology, and Doll explores the relationship between technology and ethics. Chapter 5th reveals the close relationship between women and nature from the perspective of ecological feminism. And explore ways to live in harmony with nature. Dole shapes the mother of nature, Mrs. Helene and Mrs. Ma, who are loving, tolerant, nurturing, or self-sacrificing family carers. Or revolt under the oppression of men. At the same time, Doll created a daughter of nature, Marilore, who is the guardian of nature and has a close connection with it. The conclusion part summarizes the ecological thoughts in the works: put aside greed, bid farewell to war, live in harmony with others, and emulate women to embrace nature. Return to nature, only in this way can get rid of ecological crisis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：I712.074

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