拒絕語是行使拒絕的言語行為。有關(guān)拒絕語的研究始于二十世紀70年代末,但其始終沒有成為語言研究的熱點。兒童拒絕語尤其很少得到關(guān)注。本研究通過對ZHZ、MHR、Adam和Sarah四名兒童的個案研究,運用調(diào)查法、文獻資料法和數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計法等方法分析兩名說漢語兒童和兩名說英語兒童的拒絕語,旨在考察兒童拒絕語語用發(fā)展以及比較說漢語兒童和說英語拒絕語語用發(fā)展的異同。本研究分為三個部分。第一部分為文獻綜述,對相關(guān)成人和兒童的拒絕語研究現(xiàn)狀從拒絕的定義,拒絕策略的類型及其相關(guān)變量,跨文化比較研究和語用角度的研究四個方面做研究綜述。第二部分對說漢語兒童拒絕語語用發(fā)展展開縱向研究。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)兒童有時會使用粗魯表達來拒絕,這一策略在以往的研究中未曾被提及。本研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)大部分拒絕策略在兒童18個月之前都已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)。隨著年齡的增長,兒童會使用更多的拒絕策略類型,會使用更多的間接拒絕,尤其是理由這一策略,還會使用更多的綜合策略,并且會使用長句來表達拒絕。本部分就成人對兒童拒絕的回應(yīng)也進行了分析。通過雙變量相關(guān)分析得出兒童的理由策略和成人的給出及詢問理由策略顯著相關(guān),兒童的其他選擇策略和成人的調(diào)整策略顯著相關(guān)。第三部分對... 

【文章來源】：長沙理工大學(xué)湖南省

【文章頁數(shù)】：102 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
Abstract
Index to Tables
Index to Figures
Abbreviations
Introduction
    0.1 Background of the study
    0.2 Purpose and significance of the study
    0.3 Organization of the thesis
Chapter 1 Literature Review on Refusal Studies
    1.1 Definitions of refusal
    1.2 Studies on refusal strategies
        1.2.1 Studies on refusal strategies of adults
        1.2.2 Studies on refusal strategies of children
        1.2.3 Studies on correlations between refusal strategies and related variables
    1.3 Cross-linguistic contrastive studies on refusals
    1.4 Pragmatic studies on refusals
    1.5 Summary
Chapter 2 A Longitudinal Study of Chinese-speaking Children’s Refusa
    2.1 Research design
        2.1.1 Subjects and methods
        2.1.2 Collection and collation of data
        2.1.3 Classification of children’s refusal strategies in this study
        2.1.4 Hypotheses of the development of children’s refusals
    2.2 Results and discussion
        2.2.1 Development of children’s refusal strategies
            2.2.1.1 Types of refusal strategies
            2.2.1.2 Numbers and emerging time of refusal strategies
            2.2.1.3 Indirect refusals
            2.2.1.4 Compound refusals
            2.2.1.5 Length of refusal production
        2.2.2 Correlations between adults’subsequent responses and children’s refusals
            2.2.2.1 Adults’subsequent responses
            2.2.2.2 Correlations between adults’subsequent responses and children’s refusals
    2.3 Summary
Chapter 3 A Cross-linguistic Study of Children’s Refusals
    3.1 A study on English-speaking children’s refusals
        3.1.1 Subjects, collection and collation of data
        3.1.2 Results and discussion
            3.1.2.1 The top three strategies
            3.1.2.2 Number of refusal strategies
            3.1.2.3 Indirect refusals
            3.1.2.4 Compound refusals
            3.1.2.5 Sentence length of refusals
    3.2 A comparative analysis of Chinese-speaking and English-speaking children’s refusal strategies
        3.2.1 A comparison of types of refusal strategies
        3.2.2 A comparison of number of refusal strategies
        3.2.3 A comparison of indirect refusals
        3.2.4 A comparison of compound refusals
        3.2.5 A comparison of the length of each refusal
    3.3 Correlations between the adults’subsequent responses and the children’s refusals
        3.3.1 A contrastive study on adults’subsequent responses
        3.3.2 A contrastive study on the correlations between the adults’subsequent responses and the children’s refusals
    3.4 Summary
Conclusion
Bibliography
Acknowledgements
Appendix Ⅰ (攻讀學(xué)位期間主要研究成果目錄)
Appendix Ⅱ Data Collection Sample
Appendix Ⅲ Sample of Transcription
詳細摘要


【參考文獻】：
期刊論文
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