藏語拉薩話大學(xué)生的多維嗓音分析
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-14 01:48
【摘要】：藏語拉薩話是藏語三大方言衛(wèi)藏方言、康方言、安多方言中的衛(wèi)藏方言,本文按照年齡分段,將18-25歲的以藏語拉薩話為母語的大學(xué)生為研究對象,通過MDVP即多維嗓音分析軟件,按照男女生的性別,分別進行嗓音的特性研究,并進行比較分析,來揭示藏語拉薩話的多維嗓音的特性。MDVP,即多維嗓音分析軟件,由美國Kay公司生產(chǎn),最早是從嗓音病理領(lǐng)域發(fā)展出來的一種通過聲音檢測嗓音質(zhì)量、發(fā)聲類型和診斷嗓音病變的聲學(xué)方法。首先,對藏語拉薩話的聲母進行多維嗓音的分析,按聲帶是否震動來分的話,大部分的聲母是清輔音,而清輔音嗓音不振動,無法得到具有功能意義的參數(shù)進行分析,濁聲母聲帶顫動相對清聲母來說就非常明確了,并能夠獲得足夠的嗓音參數(shù)進行計算分析。藏語拉薩話濁聲母有:m、n、(?)、(?)、l、w、r、j八個,本文主要分析藏語拉薩話男女聲的濁聲母的多維嗓音分析。藏語拉薩話男女生濁聲母的嗓音參數(shù)基頻FO在平均值上女聲遠高于男聲,最高基頻Fhi和最低基頻Flo的平均值數(shù)據(jù)都是女聲高于男聲;分析樣本時長、音調(diào)擾動商的參數(shù)數(shù)據(jù),不管是平均值還是標準差,男女生兩者的參數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)都是沒有很大差值,基本相同。其次,利用MDVP多維嗓音分析軟件提取6類33項嗓音參數(shù):第一類,基音基礎(chǔ)參數(shù);第二類,頻率抖動參數(shù);第三類,振幅抖動參數(shù);第四類,嗓音指數(shù);第五類,嗓音清化參數(shù);第六類,基本參數(shù)對藏語拉薩話的韻母進行多維嗓音的分析�；艋A(chǔ)類參數(shù)中最高基頻女聲要高于男聲,平均音調(diào)周期和基頻男女聲呈一個倒數(shù)關(guān)系;藏語拉薩話的男女聲韻母都是隨著基頻的提高其基頻半音范圍也在隨之提高。嗓音指數(shù)類中藏語拉薩話男女生韻母的清濁率和嗓音騷動的數(shù)據(jù)變化性質(zhì)相同,且兩者的數(shù)據(jù)也沒有大的差距。嗓音清華參數(shù)類中藏語拉薩話男女生韻母的清聲級DUV的數(shù)值比藏語拉薩話男女生韻母的非濁音段數(shù)高。最后,藏語拉薩話聲調(diào)男女聲在一方面提取音高、開商和速度商三類,把所有采到的數(shù)據(jù)中提取所需的參數(shù),然后再進行平均計算。藏語拉薩話聲調(diào)的男女生嗓音的平均音高類中,音高范圍和最大音高、音高標準偏差、音高周期這4類女聲要比男聲高;而平均音高和最小音高、音高抖動則相反,男聲要比女聲高;藏語拉薩話聲調(diào)的男女生嗓音開商的數(shù)值差異較大,且開商的平均速度隨著音高的提高而下降,呈現(xiàn)出反比關(guān)系;藏語拉薩話聲調(diào)的男女生嗓音速度商的數(shù)值差異較大,表示藏語拉薩話聲調(diào)的男女生嗓音在速度商方面有很大的差別。
[Abstract]:Tibetan Lhasa dialect is the Wei Zang dialect in Wei Zang dialect, Kang dialect and Ando dialect. According to the age segment, this paper studies the voice characteristics of Tibetan Lhasa dialect by MDVP, that is, multi-dimensional voice analysis software, according to the sex of male and female students, and makes a comparative analysis to reveal the multi-dimensional voice characteristics of Tibetan Lhasa dialect. Multi-dimensional voice analysis software, produced by Kay Company of the United States, was first developed from the field of voice pathology to detect voice quality, vocal type and diagnosis of voice lesions. First of all, the multi-dimensional voice analysis of Tibetan Lhasa consonants is carried out. According to whether the vocal cord vibrates or not, most of the consonants are clear consonants, but the clear consonant voice does not vibrate, so it is impossible to get the functional parameters to analyze the consonants. The vocal cord vibration is very clear compared with the clear consonants, and enough voice parameters can be obtained for calculation and analysis. There are eight vocal initials in Tibetan Lhasa dialect: M, n, (?), l, w, r, j. This paper mainly analyzes the multi-dimensional voice analysis of the turbid consonants of Tibetan Lhasa men and women. The average value of female voice parameter FO is much higher than that of male voice in Tibetan Lhasa, and the average data of highest fundamental frequency Fhi and lowest fundamental frequency Flo are higher than that of male voice. The time of analysis sample, the parameter data of tone disturbance quotient, whether average or standard deviation, there is no great difference between male and female, and the parameter data of male and female students are basically the same. Secondly, using MDVP multi-dimensional voice analysis software to extract 6 kinds of 33 voice parameters: the first type, pitch basic parameters; the second type, frequency jitter parameters; the third type, amplitude jitter parameters; the fourth type, voice index; the fifth type, voice clearing parameters; the sixth type, the basic parameters to analyze the Tibetan Lhasa vowels. Among the basic parameters of pitch, the highest fundamental frequency female voice is higher than that of male voice, and the average tone period is a countdown to the fundamental frequency male and female sound, and the male and female phonemes in Tibetan Lhasa dialect are also increasing with the increase of fundamental frequency. In the voice index category, the turbid rate of male and female rhymes in Tibetan Lhasa dialect is the same as the data of voice disturbance, and there is no big difference between the two data. In the voice Tsinghua parameter class, the value of the clear sound level DUV of the male and female vowels in Tibetan Lhasa dialect is higher than that of Tibetan Lhasa male and female vowels. Finally, the male and female tones of Tibetan Lhasa dialect are extracted from pitch, quotient and speed quotient on the one hand, and the required parameters are extracted from all the collected data, and then the average calculation is carried out. In the average pitch category of boys and girls in Tibetan Lhasa tone, the pitch range and maximum pitch, the standard deviation of pitch, and the pitch cycle of these four kinds of female voices are higher than male voices; while the average pitch and minimum pitch, pitch jitter are opposite, the male voice is higher than the soprano, and the average speed of business opening decreases with the increase of the pitch, showing an inverse relationship. There is a great difference in the voice speed quotient of boys and girls in Tibetan Lhasa tone, which indicates that there is a great difference in speed quotient between boys and girls in Tibetan Lhasa tone.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H214
本文編號：2498998
[Abstract]:Tibetan Lhasa dialect is the Wei Zang dialect in Wei Zang dialect, Kang dialect and Ando dialect. According to the age segment, this paper studies the voice characteristics of Tibetan Lhasa dialect by MDVP, that is, multi-dimensional voice analysis software, according to the sex of male and female students, and makes a comparative analysis to reveal the multi-dimensional voice characteristics of Tibetan Lhasa dialect. Multi-dimensional voice analysis software, produced by Kay Company of the United States, was first developed from the field of voice pathology to detect voice quality, vocal type and diagnosis of voice lesions. First of all, the multi-dimensional voice analysis of Tibetan Lhasa consonants is carried out. According to whether the vocal cord vibrates or not, most of the consonants are clear consonants, but the clear consonant voice does not vibrate, so it is impossible to get the functional parameters to analyze the consonants. The vocal cord vibration is very clear compared with the clear consonants, and enough voice parameters can be obtained for calculation and analysis. There are eight vocal initials in Tibetan Lhasa dialect: M, n, (?), l, w, r, j. This paper mainly analyzes the multi-dimensional voice analysis of the turbid consonants of Tibetan Lhasa men and women. The average value of female voice parameter FO is much higher than that of male voice in Tibetan Lhasa, and the average data of highest fundamental frequency Fhi and lowest fundamental frequency Flo are higher than that of male voice. The time of analysis sample, the parameter data of tone disturbance quotient, whether average or standard deviation, there is no great difference between male and female, and the parameter data of male and female students are basically the same. Secondly, using MDVP multi-dimensional voice analysis software to extract 6 kinds of 33 voice parameters: the first type, pitch basic parameters; the second type, frequency jitter parameters; the third type, amplitude jitter parameters; the fourth type, voice index; the fifth type, voice clearing parameters; the sixth type, the basic parameters to analyze the Tibetan Lhasa vowels. Among the basic parameters of pitch, the highest fundamental frequency female voice is higher than that of male voice, and the average tone period is a countdown to the fundamental frequency male and female sound, and the male and female phonemes in Tibetan Lhasa dialect are also increasing with the increase of fundamental frequency. In the voice index category, the turbid rate of male and female rhymes in Tibetan Lhasa dialect is the same as the data of voice disturbance, and there is no big difference between the two data. In the voice Tsinghua parameter class, the value of the clear sound level DUV of the male and female vowels in Tibetan Lhasa dialect is higher than that of Tibetan Lhasa male and female vowels. Finally, the male and female tones of Tibetan Lhasa dialect are extracted from pitch, quotient and speed quotient on the one hand, and the required parameters are extracted from all the collected data, and then the average calculation is carried out. In the average pitch category of boys and girls in Tibetan Lhasa tone, the pitch range and maximum pitch, the standard deviation of pitch, and the pitch cycle of these four kinds of female voices are higher than male voices; while the average pitch and minimum pitch, pitch jitter are opposite, the male voice is higher than the soprano, and the average speed of business opening decreases with the increase of the pitch, showing an inverse relationship. There is a great difference in the voice speed quotient of boys and girls in Tibetan Lhasa tone, which indicates that there is a great difference in speed quotient between boys and girls in Tibetan Lhasa tone.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H214
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