【摘要】：死亡是一個(gè)自然過程。以前人們因?yàn)槿狈茖W(xué)知識,通常把死亡視為恐怖的、神秘的。隨著自然科學(xué)的發(fā)展,死亡漸漸不再神秘。盡管如此,死亡在眾多文化中仍被視為禁忌。因此在訃告中通常不會直接提及死亡,而是會使用隱喻或者委婉語進(jìn)行替代。訃告中存在著大量的隱喻,用來表達(dá)死亡這個(gè)概念。許多有關(guān)死亡的隱喻和日常生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)息息相關(guān)。美國認(rèn)知語言學(xué)家萊考夫和約翰遜認(rèn)為,隱喻本質(zhì)上是一種認(rèn)知行為,即通過一種熟悉的具體的概念或過程(來源域)來理解和體驗(yàn)另一種陌生的抽象的概念或過程(目標(biāo)域),兩類概念通過相似性建立起了一種映射關(guān)系。本文嘗試在概念隱喻理論框架下,以中德訃告為例,對中德訃告中關(guān)于“死亡”的隱喻進(jìn)行分析,試圖解釋“死亡”隱喻的生成機(jī)制及其認(rèn)知過程,即從來源域——日常生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)向目標(biāo)域——死亡的映射過程。本文從中德祭奠網(wǎng)站上獲取語料,分別為三十八篇德語訃告和三十四篇中文訃告。在萊考夫和約翰遜的概念隱喻理論基礎(chǔ)上,使用質(zhì)性分析方法,對中德訃告中關(guān)于“死亡”的隱喻概念進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的對比分析,發(fā)掘中德訃告中異同點(diǎn)。語料分析結(jié)果表明,中德訃告在使用隱喻表達(dá)“死亡”這個(gè)概念時(shí)有共同點(diǎn),也存在不同點(diǎn)。通過討論發(fā)現(xiàn),認(rèn)知普遍性是中德訃告中隱喻共同點(diǎn)的原因,文化差異性則導(dǎo)致了其存在不同點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:Death is a natural process. People used to regard death as scary and mysterious because of a lack of scientific knowledge. With the development of natural science, death is no longer mysterious. Even so, death is considered taboo in many cultures. Therefore, death is not usually mentioned directly in obituaries, but is replaced by metaphor or euphemism. There are plenty of metaphors in obituaries to express the concept of death. Many metaphors of death are closely related to daily life experience. According to American cognitive linguists Lakoff and Johnson, metaphor is essentially a cognitive behavior. That is, through a familiar concrete concept or process (source domain) to understand and experience another strange abstract concept or process (target domain), the two kinds of concepts establish a mapping relationship through similarity. This paper attempts to analyze the metaphor of "death" in the obituary of China and Germany under the framework of conceptual metaphor theory, taking the obituary of China and Germany as an example, in order to explain the formation mechanism and cognitive process of the metaphor of "death". That is, the mapping process from source domain-daily life experience to target domain-death. In this paper, 38 German obituaries and 34 Chinese obituaries were obtained from German memorial website. Based on the conceptual metaphor theory of Lakoff and Johnson, this paper makes a systematic comparative analysis of the metaphorical concept of "death" in the obituary of China and Germany by using the qualitative analysis method, and finds out the similarities and differences in the obituary between China and Germany. The results of corpus analysis show that the Chinese and German obituaries have some similarities and differences in the use of metaphor to express the concept of "death". Through the discussion, it is found that cognitive universality is the cause of common metaphor in the obituary of China and Germany, and the cultural difference leads to its existence difference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東外語外貿(mào)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H33;H136

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