【摘要】：《何典》是清乾、嘉年間野才子張南莊所撰的一部長篇諷刺小說。其語言兼具方言俚語、熟語民諺。通過對(duì)方言俗語的研究,可以補(bǔ)充吳語研究的資料,修正補(bǔ)充一些大型辭典的詞語例證,具有豐富的語言學(xué)價(jià)值。本文主要以張南莊《何典》中的俗語詞為考察對(duì)象,通過對(duì)詞匯的搜查、考釋、整理、羅列、分類,以期窺探出《何典》詞匯面貌的冰山一角。論文共分為五個(gè)部分:前言部分主要交代了《何典》及其作者的大致情況、研究現(xiàn)狀、研究意義以及俗語詞的界定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。第二部分主要分析《何典》中俗語詞的語言特色�！逗蔚洹氛Z言特色主要分為兩方面:一、采用斷取、返源的修辭手法;二、包含大量諺語、俚語、熟語。這部分將《何典》中不按原義使用的俗語詞單列出來,具體分析。第三部分主要是對(duì)《何典》俗語詞的考釋和分類。通過對(duì)俗語詞產(chǎn)生時(shí)代的考察,將《何典》俗語詞劃分為兩大部分。第一部分為《何典》中保存的古俗語詞。這一部分俗語詞內(nèi)部按照產(chǎn)生年代的先后順序進(jìn)行分類描寫。第二部分為《何典》中產(chǎn)生的新興俗語詞。這一部分俗語詞內(nèi)部按照其意義將俗語詞分為六小類進(jìn)行分類描寫。這六類俗語詞分別為:一、稱謂俗語詞;二、社會(huì)生產(chǎn)類俗語詞;三、天地萬物類俗語詞;四、性質(zhì)狀態(tài)類俗語詞;五、行為動(dòng)作類俗語詞;六、其它俗語詞。第五部分主要是在前文的基礎(chǔ)上,通過考察《漢語大詞典》對(duì)《何典》俗語詞的收錄情況,并借助《古籍庫》查找出俗語詞的最早形式和意義例證,通過考察現(xiàn)代作品中對(duì)《何典》中新興俗語詞的使用情況,補(bǔ)充《漢語大詞典》的收詞和釋義,完善《漢語大詞典》書證。第四部分主要是考察《何典》中俗語詞的發(fā)展情況。通過考察這些俗語詞與現(xiàn)代漢語詞匯的關(guān)系,了解《何典》中俗語詞的發(fā)展演變情況。
[Abstract]:The book is a long satirical novel written by Zhang Nanzhuang, the talented man of the Qing Dynasty and the Carnival. Its language has dialect slang, idiom folk proverb. Through the study of the common sayings of the other side, we can supplement the data of Wu language research and revise some examples of large-scale lexicon, which has rich linguistic value. This article mainly takes the common words in Zhang Nanzhuang's "he Dian" as the object of investigation, through searching, explaining, sorting, listing and classifying the vocabulary, in order to find out the tip of the iceberg of the lexicon face of "he Dian". The thesis is divided into five parts: the preface mainly explains the general situation of the author, the present situation of the research, the significance of the research and the definition standard of the colloquial words. The second part mainly analyzes the language characteristics of vulgar words in "he Dian". The language features are mainly divided into two aspects: first, the use of cut-off, return to the source of rhetoric; the second, contains a large number of proverbs, slang, idioms. In this part, the idiom that is not used according to the original meaning will be listed in this part, and the concrete analysis will be made. The third part is the textual research and classification of the common words of "he Dian". Through the investigation of the generation times of colloquial words, the colloquial words are divided into two parts. The first part is the ancient and vulgar words preserved in the "he Dian". This part of the saying is classified and described according to the order of the generation date. The second part is the emerging colloquial words produced in the "he Dian". In this part, the common words are classified into six sub-categories according to their meanings. These six kinds of common words are as follows: first, appellation common words; second, social production class common words; third, heaven and earth all things class common words; fourth, nature state class common words; five, behavior action class vulgar words; sixth, other common words. The fifth part is mainly on the basis of the previous article, by examining the collection of the popular words in the Chinese Dictionary, and finding out the earliest form and meaning examples of the common words with the aid of the Ancient Book Database. By examining the usage of the new common words in the Chinese Dictionary in modern works, we can supplement the reception and interpretation of the Chinese Dictionary, and improve the textual evidence of the Chinese Dictionary. The fourth part is mainly to investigate the development of vulgar words in "he Dian". Through investigating the relationship between these common words and modern Chinese vocabulary, we can understand the development and evolution of vulgar words in "he Dian".
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H134

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