【摘要】：災(zāi)難事件通常是那些給人類生命財(cái)產(chǎn)帶來(lái)巨大傷害和損失的緊急性破壞性事件。當(dāng)災(zāi)難事件發(fā)生時(shí),首要的事情應(yīng)該就是向公眾提供及時(shí)有效的新聞報(bào)道;而低效的災(zāi)難新聞報(bào)道很可能加劇情況的惡化。事實(shí)表明,西方媒體和中國(guó)媒體在災(zāi)難新聞報(bào)道的風(fēng)格和效率上存在差異,并且有些人批評(píng)中國(guó)媒體對(duì)災(zāi)難新聞的報(bào)道遠(yuǎn)不盡如人意。在這樣的現(xiàn)實(shí)情形下,本研究擬以修辭結(jié)構(gòu)理論為基礎(chǔ),對(duì)英漢災(zāi)難新聞?wù)Z篇進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,試圖發(fā)現(xiàn)二者的異同點(diǎn),以期從語(yǔ)篇分析的角度提供可能的建議。本文采用定量分析和定性分析相結(jié)合的方法來(lái)回答所提出的研究問(wèn)題,即英漢災(zāi)難新聞?wù)Z篇在修辭結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系、修辭結(jié)構(gòu)圖示和語(yǔ)篇內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)方面分別有哪些異同點(diǎn),揭示了二者各自怎樣的風(fēng)格和結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)。定性分析主要是對(duì)語(yǔ)篇詳盡的修辭結(jié)構(gòu)分析,定量分析則是指對(duì)原始數(shù)據(jù)的分析和檢驗(yàn)過(guò)程。修辭結(jié)構(gòu)分析在RSTTool 345的幫助下完成,數(shù)據(jù)則由SPSS Statistics 19工具檢驗(yàn)。雖然通過(guò)威爾科克森符號(hào)秩檢驗(yàn)和曼惠特尼U檢驗(yàn)并未發(fā)現(xiàn)英漢災(zāi)難新聞?wù)Z篇在修辭結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系、修辭結(jié)構(gòu)圖示和語(yǔ)篇內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的種類、頻次和分布上存在顯著差異,但是本文發(fā)現(xiàn),在修辭結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系方面,中文災(zāi)難新聞?wù)Z篇采用的修辭結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系種類更多、數(shù)量更大;某些關(guān)系如闡述關(guān)系、對(duì)比關(guān)系、環(huán)境關(guān)系在英漢語(yǔ)篇中出現(xiàn)的頻率比其他關(guān)系都要高,這可能是應(yīng)新聞體裁的要求;英文語(yǔ)篇比中文語(yǔ)篇更偏愛闡述關(guān)系和對(duì)比關(guān)系,而中文語(yǔ)篇?jiǎng)t更偏愛目的關(guān)系和環(huán)境關(guān)系;二者在優(yōu)勢(shì)性關(guān)系上的共同點(diǎn)頗多,使用頻率最高的四種關(guān)系均為闡述關(guān)系、聯(lián)結(jié)關(guān)系、連接關(guān)系和意愿性結(jié)果關(guān)系。在修辭結(jié)構(gòu)圖示方面,90%的英文語(yǔ)篇采用圖示模型A、B和D;相似地,90%的中文語(yǔ)篇采用圖示模型A、B和C;中文語(yǔ)篇比英文語(yǔ)篇更顯著地偏愛圖示模型C,而英文語(yǔ)篇?jiǎng)t相對(duì)更多地采用圖示模型D。在語(yǔ)篇內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)方面,無(wú)論是英文語(yǔ)篇還是中文語(yǔ)篇,從屬結(jié)構(gòu)都占主導(dǎo)地位;且從屬結(jié)構(gòu)的比例比并列結(jié)構(gòu)高約三倍;不過(guò)相比較而言,英文語(yǔ)篇比中文語(yǔ)篇更偏愛使用從屬結(jié)構(gòu)。本研究期望能夠填補(bǔ)就災(zāi)難新聞?wù)Z篇進(jìn)行修辭結(jié)構(gòu)分析的空白,以此充實(shí)修辭結(jié)構(gòu)理論和對(duì)比修辭理論在語(yǔ)篇分析領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用。在現(xiàn)實(shí)層面,本研究期望能夠?yàn)橹袊?guó)新聞行業(yè)災(zāi)難報(bào)道提供一些參考,并對(duì)英語(yǔ)教育領(lǐng)域有關(guān)災(zāi)難新聞?wù)Z篇的教學(xué)和二語(yǔ)寫作有所幫助。
[Abstract]:Disaster events are usually acute and destructive events that cause great damage and loss to human life and property. When a disaster occurs, the first priority should be to provide timely and effective news coverage to the public; inefficient disaster news coverage is likely to exacerbate the deterioration. Facts show that there are differences in the style and efficiency of disaster news coverage between western and Chinese media, and some people criticize that the coverage of disaster news by Chinese media is far from satisfactory. Based on the rhetorical structure theory, the present study attempts to find out the similarities and differences between English and Chinese disaster news texts, with a view to providing possible suggestions from the perspective of discourse analysis in order to make a contrastive analysis of English and Chinese disaster news discourses in order to provide some suggestions from the point of view of discourse analysis. This paper uses the method of quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis to answer the research questions, that is, what are the similarities and differences between English and Chinese disaster news discourses in terms of rhetorical structure, figure of rhetorical structure and internal structure of the text, respectively. It reveals their respective styles and structural characteristics. Qualitative analysis mainly refers to the detailed rhetorical structure analysis of the text, while quantitative analysis refers to the process of analysis and testing of the original data. The rhetorical analysis was done with the help of RSTTool 345, and the data was tested by the SPSS Statistics 19 tool. Although there are no significant differences between English and Chinese disaster news discourses in terms of rhetorical structure relations, figures of rhetorical structures and types, frequency and distribution of internal structures, there are no significant differences between English and Chinese disaster news discourses by means of Wilcoxen's symbolic rank test and ManWhitney U test. However, in terms of rhetorical structure relationship, Chinese disaster news discourse adopts more and more kinds of rhetorical structure relations. Some relationships, such as expounding relationship, contrastive relation and environmental relation, appear more frequently in English and Chinese texts than others, which may be the request of news genre. Compared with Chinese texts, English texts prefer to elaborate relations and contrastive relations, while Chinese texts prefer the relation of purpose and environment. Both of them have a lot in common in the relationship of superiority, and the four most frequently used relationships are elaborated relationship, connection relation, connection relation and willful result relation. In figure-of-speech representation, 90% of English texts use graphic models A, B and D. similarly, 90% of Chinese texts use graphic models A, B and C; Chinese discourses prefer graphic model C more significantly than English texts, while English texts are more likely to use the diagrammatic model D. In terms of the internal structure of the text, the subordinate structure is dominant in both English and Chinese texts, and the proportion of subordinate structure is about three times higher than that of the juxtaposition structure. However, compared with Chinese texts, English texts prefer to use subordinate structures. This study hopes to fill the gap in the rhetorical structure analysis of disaster news discourse, so as to enrich the application of rhetorical structure theory and contrastive rhetoric theory in the field of discourse analysis. At the practical level, the present study hopes to provide some references for disaster reporting in China's journalism industry, and will be helpful to the teaching of disaster news texts and second language writing in the field of English education.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H315;H15
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本文編號(hào)：2437805