兒童對請求言語行為理解的比較研究
[Abstract]:The acquisition and development of children's language is very rapid and has its unique regularity. The characteristics of children's language make linguists and psychologists at home and abroad have a strong interest in the study of children's language. Domestic researches on children's language are mostly focused on the case study of children's language characteristics or language acquisition, but there are few researches on one or several speech acts of children. Based on Searle's speech act theory (1965-1969-1979) and the request strategy put forward by Bloom Kolka et al. (1984), this study explores the understanding of the speech act of request in children aged 3 and 5. The purpose is to answer the following two research questions: 1. What are the similarities and differences between the three and five year old Chinese children's understanding of direct request, statutory indirect request and non-prescriptive indirect request? 2. How does the unsatisfied condition or sincere condition affect the understanding of the request language in Chinese children aged 3 and 5? In this study, the story completion method (Story Completion Task Method) is used to design the experiment, and the story completion method is partially adjusted. In this study, two groups of experiments were carried out. In experiment 1, the preparation conditions, the age of the subjects and the request strategy were taken as independent variables, and in experiment 2, the sincere condition, the age of the subjects and the request strategy were taken as independent variables. In each group, 18 story scenarios were set up, and 20 subjects in two age groups (three and five years old) were tested, and the results were analyzed and compared. The results show that: (1) the children in the two age groups have better understanding of direct and indirect requests than of non-prescriptive indirect requests. In terms of differences, (2) first of all, five-year-old children as a whole have a better understanding than three-year-old children; Secondly, the three-year-old child has a relatively better understanding of the indirect statutory request than the direct request, while the five-year-old child has a similar understanding of the direct request and the statutory indirect request. (2) from the point of view of the appropriate conditions, In cases where conditions of readiness are not met, failure to satisfy genuine conditions can have a greater negative impact on children's understanding of the language of request, which means that children can understand the conditions of preparation earlier and better. Instead of sincere conditions. (1) the lack of satisfaction of preparatory conditions significantly reduces the correct response of three-year-olds to requests, while the understanding of five-year-olds does not have a significant impact, This shows that the child has begun to understand the preparatory conditions by the age of three and by the age of five has been able to fully grasp this condition. (2) the lack of satisfaction of the sincere conditions will greatly hinder the understanding of the two groups of children, This suggests that children have begun to understand the sincere condition at or before the age of five, but that it is not yet fully grasped. The present study is expected to provide data for relevant studies on children's understanding of speech acts and enrich existing data. At the same time, the findings of this study can help us to understand the rules of preschool children's language development to a certain extent, thus promoting communication with children and better understanding of children's language development.
【學位授予單位】:東北師范大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2016
【分類號】:H136
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