【摘要】：漢語動(dòng)補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)中的一些補(bǔ)語成分發(fā)生了虛化,變成表示完結(jié)的成分,但仍有一定的詞匯語義,虛化程度低于體標(biāo)記。本文將這類成分稱為虛化完結(jié)成分。虛化完結(jié)成分有些必須與動(dòng)詞共現(xiàn),有些則不必,出現(xiàn)的強(qiáng)制性與否在一定程度上取決于動(dòng)詞的情狀類型。從語義上看,這類成分有的隱含預(yù)定的動(dòng)作目標(biāo)的達(dá)成,可以蘊(yùn)含對施事或受事的影響,有的只表示動(dòng)作行為的完結(jié)。虛化完結(jié)成分從語義來源上看,一類與"得"義有關(guān),一類與"失"義有關(guān)。這類成分的使用特點(diǎn)受制于其虛化前的詞匯語義,并可進(jìn)一步獲得一些主觀性意義,也可能形成結(jié)構(gòu)歧義。虛化完結(jié)成分介于詞匯性與語法性之間,其使用體現(xiàn)了漢語重視表達(dá)結(jié)果狀態(tài)的特點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:Some complement elements in the Chinese verb-complement structure have been fictitious and become the components that indicate the end, but there are still some lexical semantics, and the degree of nihilization is lower than that of the aspect marker. In this paper, this kind of composition is called the nihilized end component. Some of them must be coexisting with verbs, while others do not. To some extent, the occurrence of compulsory or not depends on the verb's situation type. From the semantic point of view, some of these elements imply the achievement of the intended action target, which may imply the influence on the agent or the receiver, and others only indicate the end of the action. In terms of semantic source, one category is related to "get" and the other is related to "loss". The characteristics of the use of this kind of components are restricted by the lexical semantics before their hypocrisy, and some subjective meanings can be obtained further, as well as structural ambiguities may be formed. The empty ending component lies between lexicality and grammaticality, and its use reflects the characteristics of Chinese emphasis on the state of expressing the result.
【作者單位】： 北京大學(xué)中文系/中國語言學(xué)研究中心/計(jì)算語言學(xué)教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：2015年度教育部人文社會(huì)科學(xué)重點(diǎn)研究基地重大項(xiàng)目“漢語詞匯雙音化的形式選擇和功能表現(xiàn)”(項(xiàng)目批準(zhǔn)號:15JJD740001) 國家社科基金重大項(xiàng)目“功能-類型學(xué)取向的漢語語義演變研究”(項(xiàng)目批準(zhǔn)號:14ZDB098)的資助
【分類號】：H146

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前8條

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本文編號：2285285