【摘要】：“V不V”和“V不”格式常出現(xiàn)在正反問句中,“V嗎”則是指不帶賓語的動詞與疑問詞“嗎”可單獨構成一個小句的特殊格式,在實際運用中這三者經�？梢蕴鎿Q使用。但學界對這三者的研究多集中在對其所在句式的整體分析上,缺乏對格式本身的專題對比研究。因此本文試圖借鑒前人的理論研究,對這三者從格式、句法和語用上進行系統(tǒng)地梳理和對比分析,并提出一些對外教學策略以供參考。本文主要包括以下幾個部分:第一章介紹了本文選題的緣起、理論方法和語料來源,并對前人的研究現(xiàn)狀及成果進行梳理總結。第二章分析了“V不V”、“V不”和“V嗎”的格式特點。首先,對這三種格式的動詞兼容性進行考察:表示狀態(tài)義的光桿動詞或動詞結構,當它們滿足[-自主][瞬時][完成]這三個語義特征時,都不能進入“V不V”、“V不”及“V嗎”。而不都能同時進入的情形我們分析了帶“了”、“著”、“過”的動詞。其次,“V不V”格式有豐富的變化形式,相比原式,其變化形式的使用頻率更高,這一點是另外兩種格式所不具備的。再次,我們認同“V不V”和“V不”并不同源,并從句法分布和語氣詞共現(xiàn)兩方面進行論證,我們認為這與“不”的性質有關。第三章從句法功能層面考察了這三種格式�！癡不V”可以出現(xiàn)在句首、句中和句末,作主語、謂語、賓語、定語和補語(作補語時多為動詞對舉結構)�！癡不”一般出現(xiàn)在句末,只作謂語;“V嗎”一般出現(xiàn)在句末,動詞V作謂語,特殊條件下還可出現(xiàn)在句首或句中,作話語標記,有引發(fā)功能。第四章從語用功能層面分類總結了“V不V”、“V不”和“V嗎”能夠實施的言語行為,并結合“確信度”對它們的疑問程度、語義傾向進行考察,我們認為它們的疑問度可以分為五級,并構成了連續(xù)統(tǒng)。但在表達不同疑問程度時,三種格式的選擇運用有所側重。第五章結合HSK動態(tài)作文語料庫及日常積累的語料,對留學生習得“V不V”、“V不”和“V嗎”過程中出現(xiàn)的偏誤進行總結分析,并就這些問題提出了一些教學策略。
[Abstract]:"V" and "V" often appear in positive and rhetorical questions. "V" refers to verbs and interrogative words without object "can form a special form of a clause separately, these three can often be replaced in practice." However, the academic research on these three focuses on the overall analysis of the sentence structure, and lacks the thematic comparative study of the format itself. Therefore, this paper attempts to draw lessons from previous theoretical studies, systematically combing and contrasting these three theories from the aspects of format, syntax and pragmatics, and putting forward some foreign teaching strategies for reference. This paper mainly includes the following parts: the first chapter introduces the origin of this topic, theoretical methods and data sources, and summarizes the current situation and results of previous research. The second chapter analyzes the format characteristics of "V not V", "V Bu" and "V do". First of all, the compatibility of these three forms of verbs is investigated: the bare pole verbs or verb structures that express the state meaning, when they satisfy the three semantic features [- autonomous] [instantaneous] [complete], can not enter "V BV". "V No" and "V"? Not all of them can enter at the same time. We analyze the verbs with "have", "go" and "pass". Secondly, the "V not V" format has a rich variety of forms, compared with the original form, its use frequency is higher, which is not available in the other two formats. Thirdly, we agree that "V BV" and "V Bu" are not homologous, and demonstrate them from syntactic distribution and co-occurrence of modal words, which we think is related to the nature of "no". The third chapter examines these three forms from the syntactic function level. "V V" can appear at the beginning, middle and end of sentence, as subject, predicate, object, etc. "V" usually appears at the end of a sentence, only as a predicate; "V" usually appears at the end of a sentence, the verb V is a predicate, and under special conditions, it can also appear in the beginning or sentence of a sentence and be used as a discourse marker. Has the trigger function. Chapter four classifies the speech acts that "V not V", "V not" and "V do" can be implemented from the pragmatic functional level, and examines their degree of doubt and semantic tendency in combination with "degree of confidence". We believe that their degree of doubt can be divided into five levels and constitute a continuum. However, in expressing different degree of doubt, the choice of the three formats has some emphasis. The fifth chapter combines HSK dynamic composition corpus and daily accumulated corpus to summarize and analyze the errors in the process of students' acquisition of "V not V", "V not" and "V do", and puts forward some teaching strategies for these problems.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H195.3

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