本文選題：《現(xiàn)代漢語詞典》(第6版) + 對稱性詞條　； 參考：《四川外國語大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：范疇化是語言學(xué)的核心問題,詞類等語言范疇化的研究更是國際國內(nèi)討論的熱點和難點問題,至今仍是語言學(xué)界久攻不破的“哥德巴赫式猜想”式難題。在2014年“德國語言學(xué)會第36屆年會”上,該研究甚至被認(rèn)為是語言中的“上帝粒子”研究�，F(xiàn)代漢語的詞類范疇化研究也一直被學(xué)界認(rèn)為是個老大難問題。因這個問題始終未得到妥善處理,已經(jīng)直接或間接地對現(xiàn)代漢語詞典和現(xiàn)代漢語語料庫的詞類標(biāo)注產(chǎn)生了消極影響。雙層詞類范疇化理論是王仁強教授近年來針對現(xiàn)代漢語、現(xiàn)代英語等分析語中的概括詞的多功能現(xiàn)象所提出的新的研究視角,該理論在復(fù)雜適應(yīng)系統(tǒng)語言觀和跨語言詞類本質(zhì)觀基礎(chǔ)上,明確了詞類范疇化在社群語言系統(tǒng)層面和言語句法層面之間的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系,并指出詞類的規(guī)約化可通過個例頻率、類型頻率、時間跨度、語域分布四個維度進行判斷。這一理論視角有助于解決現(xiàn)代漢語詞典及漢外詞典的詞類標(biāo)注所存在的問題。本文通過調(diào)查《現(xiàn)代漢語詞典》(第6版)雙音節(jié)反義詞條的詞類標(biāo)注情況,梳理明顯違背對稱性原則的實例。在我們考察的1919個詞條中,有532個詞條所對應(yīng)的反義詞的詞類標(biāo)注是不對稱的,所占比例是27.72%,在532個不對稱的詞條中,我們進一步篩選出424條高頻詞條,并從中篩選出30組反義詞。以雙層詞類范疇化理論為指導(dǎo),對這30組反義詞基于語料庫的使用模式進行考察。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):《現(xiàn)代漢語詞典》(第6版)在詞類標(biāo)注方面受“簡略原則”的影響,存在減少兼類詞數(shù)量的現(xiàn)象。這反映出對社群語言層面詞庫中概括詞的文化傳承性重視不夠,從而導(dǎo)致部分具有對稱語義關(guān)系的多功能詞條在詞類標(biāo)注中出現(xiàn)不對稱的問題。本文希望能以這一視角引起更多學(xué)者的重視,以期深入探討現(xiàn)代漢語的詞類問題,提高現(xiàn)代漢語詞典編纂質(zhì)量,從而更好地服務(wù)漢語國際推廣戰(zhàn)略。
[Abstract]:Categorization is the core issue of linguistics, and the study of categorization of speech and other languages is a hot and difficult issue in the international and domestic discussions. It is still a difficult problem of "Goldbach's conjecture" which has not been broken through for a long time in the field of linguistics. At the 36th Annual meeting of the German language Society in 2014, the study was even considered the "God particle" study in language. Part of speech categorization of modern Chinese has always been regarded as an old and difficult problem. As this problem has not been properly dealt with, it has directly or indirectly affected the tagging of parts of speech in modern Chinese dictionaries and modern Chinese corpora. The theory of double level categorization of parts of speech is a new research perspective that Professor Wang Renqiang has put forward in recent years in view of the multifunctional phenomena of generalwords in modern Chinese and modern English. Based on the view of language of complex adaptive system and the essential view of cross-language parts of speech, this theory clarifies the difference and relation between the categorization of parts of speech at the level of community language system and the level of speech syntax, and points out that the regularization of parts of speech can be made by the frequency of individual examples. Type frequency, time span and register distribution are four dimensions to judge. This theoretical perspective is helpful to solve the problem of part of speech tagging in modern Chinese dictionaries and Chinese-foreign dictionaries. By investigating the tagging of parts of speech of dictionaries of Modern Chinese (6th Edition), this paper combs out examples of obvious violation of symmetry principle. Of the 1919 entries we examined, the part of speech tagging of the antonyms corresponding to the 532 entries was asymmetrical, accounting for 27.72%, and out of 532 asymmetric entries, we further screened out 424 high-frequency entries. Thirty sets of antonyms were selected. Under the guidance of the theory of double-level categorization of parts of speech, the 30 groups of antonyms are investigated on the basis of corpus-based usage patterns. It is found that the Modern Chinese Dictionary (6th edition) is influenced by the "abridged principle" in the tagging of parts of speech, and there is a phenomenon of reducing the number of concurrent words. This reflects that insufficient attention is paid to the cultural inheritance of the general words in the lexicon of the community language level, which leads to the asymmetry of some multifunctional entries with symmetric semantic relations in the tagging of parts of speech. This paper hopes to attract more scholars' attention from this perspective in order to probe into the problem of part of speech in modern Chinese, improve the quality of compiling modern Chinese dictionaries, and serve the international promotion strategy of Chinese better.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H164

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本文編號：1946809