本文選題：語(yǔ)碼轉(zhuǎn)換　切入點(diǎn)：二語(yǔ)水平　出處：《南京師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：語(yǔ)碼轉(zhuǎn)換一直是雙語(yǔ)詞匯激活的重要研究議題,備受國(guó)內(nèi)外語(yǔ)言學(xué)和心理學(xué)研究者的關(guān)注。他們?cè)谡Z(yǔ)言產(chǎn)出和語(yǔ)言理解兩個(gè)層面上,采用了不同研究范式開(kāi)展了諸多研究,提出了不同的語(yǔ)碼轉(zhuǎn)換提取模型、探究了語(yǔ)碼轉(zhuǎn)換代價(jià)的來(lái)源、分析了語(yǔ)碼轉(zhuǎn)換激活的腦區(qū)等。然而,這些研究仍然存在如下不足:1)在研究層面上,注重語(yǔ)言產(chǎn)出,而忽視了語(yǔ)言理解的研究,為數(shù)不多的語(yǔ)言理解研究結(jié)果還存在爭(zhēng)議;2)對(duì)于語(yǔ)碼轉(zhuǎn)換的目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言,關(guān)注拼音文字書(shū)寫(xiě)系統(tǒng)的語(yǔ)言偏多,如:英語(yǔ),德語(yǔ)和西班牙語(yǔ),而關(guān)注漢語(yǔ)這種表意文字的書(shū)寫(xiě)系統(tǒng)的研究偏少,關(guān)注英語(yǔ)漢語(yǔ)之間轉(zhuǎn)換的研究更少;3)對(duì)于呈現(xiàn)范式,以往多是脫離語(yǔ)境單獨(dú)呈現(xiàn)詞匯的范式,不太符合自然閱讀規(guī)律。而且,詞匯判斷范式還涉及到任務(wù)的轉(zhuǎn)換,其研究結(jié)果難以獨(dú)立反映語(yǔ)碼轉(zhuǎn)換的效應(yīng):4)對(duì)于加工進(jìn)程,當(dāng)前的語(yǔ)碼轉(zhuǎn)換研究中常用的反應(yīng)時(shí)指標(biāo)只反映語(yǔ)碼轉(zhuǎn)換的最終結(jié)果,并不能為深入探討語(yǔ)碼轉(zhuǎn)換者內(nèi)部認(rèn)知過(guò)程研究提供幫助。針對(duì)以上不足,本文的研究問(wèn)題是:1)漢英雙語(yǔ)者在句子理解層面上的語(yǔ)碼轉(zhuǎn)換有什么特征? 2)二語(yǔ)水平對(duì)語(yǔ)碼轉(zhuǎn)換代價(jià)及其不對(duì)稱性有什么影響?本文利用眼動(dòng)分析技術(shù),采用句子閱讀范式和2X4的實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)(高低二語(yǔ)水平X四種語(yǔ)碼轉(zhuǎn)換方式),在68名漢英雙語(yǔ)者中開(kāi)展了語(yǔ)碼轉(zhuǎn)換的研究。其中,高水平和低水平各34名。本文的研究發(fā)現(xiàn):1)在句子理解層面上,漢英雙語(yǔ)者存在較為明顯的語(yǔ)碼轉(zhuǎn)換代價(jià),且具有不對(duì)稱性。表現(xiàn)為:一語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換到二語(yǔ)的代價(jià)大于二語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換到一語(yǔ);從加工進(jìn)程上看,切換代價(jià)及其不對(duì)稱性呈現(xiàn)逐漸增加的趨勢(shì),早期和中、晚期的增幅較大。2)二語(yǔ)水平明顯影響漢英雙語(yǔ)者的轉(zhuǎn)換代價(jià),表現(xiàn)為二語(yǔ)水平越高,二語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換代價(jià)越小,水平差異只表現(xiàn)在晚期加工;此外,本文沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)二語(yǔ)水平對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)換代價(jià)的對(duì)稱性和加工進(jìn)程產(chǎn)生明顯影響。
[Abstract]:Code-switching has always been an important research topic of bilingual lexical activation, which has attracted the attention of linguistic and psychological researchers both at home and abroad. They have adopted different research paradigms to carry out many studies at the two levels of language production and language understanding. Different code-switching extraction models are proposed, the source of code-switching costs is explored, and the brain regions activated by code-switching are analyzed. While ignoring the study of language understanding, the results of the few studies on language understanding are still controversial. For the target language of code-switching, there are more languages that focus on phonetic writing systems, such as English, German and Spanish. However, there are less researches on the writing system of Chinese ideographic characters and less on the translation between English and Chinese. The lexical judgment paradigm also involves task switching, and its research results can hardly independently reflect the effect of code-switching: 4) for the processing process, the commonly used reaction time indicators in current code-switching research only reflect the final results of code-switching. It is not helpful for the further study of the internal cognitive process of code-changers. In view of the above deficiencies, the research question in this paper is: (1) what are the features of code-switching at the level of sentence comprehension among bilingual Chinese and English? 2) what effect does L2 level have on the cost of code-switching and its asymmetry? Using eye movement analysis technique, using sentence reading paradigm and 2X4 experimental design (high and low L2 level X four code-switching methods), a study of code-switching was carried out in 68 Chinese-English bilinguals. The present study shows that at the level of sentence comprehension, Chinese-English bilinguals have significant code-switching costs. And it has asymmetry. It shows that the cost of converting from one language to second language is greater than that from second language to one language; from the point of view of processing process, the switching cost and its asymmetry show a trend of increasing gradually, in the early and middle, The higher the level of L2, the smaller the cost of L2 conversion, and the lower the L2 conversion cost, the more the difference is only in late processing, and the higher the L2 level is, the lower the L2 conversion cost is, and the higher the L2 level is, the lower the L2 conversion cost is. We do not find that L2 level has a significant effect on the symmetry of conversion cost and the process of processing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H09

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