交際是人類(lèi)最普遍的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象之一,無(wú)論是物質(zhì)生活,還是社會(huì)精神生活,人們都離不開(kāi)相互接觸,離不開(kāi)交際。所以說(shuō),運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行交際是人類(lèi)最基本,最重要的一種生存能力和社會(huì)行為。而準(zhǔn)確地理解語(yǔ)言是交際正常進(jìn)行的前提條件。因此,在日常交際中,語(yǔ)言理解的過(guò)程是非常重要的。這是因?yàn)槿祟?lèi)是一種復(fù)雜的動(dòng)物,人類(lèi)的思維難以琢磨,而我們要生存,每天都需要和人進(jìn)行交際。在交際中,時(shí)刻都在進(jìn)行著從說(shuō)話人到聽(tīng)話人的角色的轉(zhuǎn)變。因此,能否準(zhǔn)確的理解說(shuō)話人的含義就顯得更加重要了。所以,本文將選擇話語(yǔ)理解作為研究對(duì)象進(jìn)行研究。從心理學(xué)的角度,運(yùn)用問(wèn)題解決理論來(lái)進(jìn)行研究。 問(wèn)題解決是人類(lèi)思維活動(dòng)的一種普遍形式,長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)受到了廣泛的關(guān)注。要研究問(wèn)題解決,首先要明確什么是問(wèn)題。按照現(xiàn)代認(rèn)知心理學(xué)的理解,問(wèn)題就是指在給定的信息和目標(biāo)狀態(tài)之間有某些障礙需要加以克服的情境。具體來(lái)說(shuō),當(dāng)一個(gè)人希望達(dá)到某一個(gè)目標(biāo),但又沒(méi)有可以供使用的現(xiàn)成方法時(shí),這個(gè)人就面臨一個(gè)問(wèn)題。而問(wèn)題解決是一系列的有目的指向性的認(rèn)知操作活動(dòng)過(guò)程。這是認(rèn)知心理學(xué)家公認(rèn)的問(wèn)題解決定義。近年來(lái),該理論在教學(xué)領(lǐng)域已引起了相當(dāng)?shù)闹匾?并且已與數(shù)學(xué),體育等學(xué)科形成了密切的聯(lián)...

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：78 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
Acknowledgements
Abstract
摘要
Chapter One Introduction
    1.1 The Object of the Present Research
    1.2 The Rationale of the Research
    1.3 Unsolved Problems in the Existing Studies
    1.4 The Objective of the Study
    1.5 Procedure and Data Collection
Chapter Two Literature Review
    2.1 Introduction
    2.2 Pragmatic Approach
        2.2.1 Review from Three Theories
        2.2.2 Review from Context
    2.3 Ethics Approach
    2.4 Education Approach
    2.5 The Present Research Approach
    2.6 Summary
Chapter Three Problem-solving Theory
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Basic Concepts
        3.2.1 The Definition of Problem
        3.2.2 The Definition of Problem-solving
    3.3 The Development of Problem Solving Theory
        3.3.1 The Early Study of Problem-solving Theory
        3.3.2 The Problem Solving Study after Cognitive Revolution
    3.4 Summary
Chapter Four The Theoretical Framework
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 The Basic Models of Problem-solving Theory
        4.2.1 The Model of David Ausubel
        4.2.2 Glass Model
        4.2.3 Information Processing Model
    4.3 The Model for Utterance Interpretation by Adopting Problem-solving Theory
        4.3.1 The Stage of Identifying Problems
        4.3.2 The Stage of Analyzing Problems
        4.3.3 The Stage of Making Hypothesis
        4.3.4 Testing Hypothesis Stage
    4.4 Summary
Chapter Five Language Materials Analysis
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Identifying Problems
    5.3 Analyzing Problems
    5.4 Making Hypothesis
        5.4.1 The Use of Means-ends Strategy
        5.4.2 The Stage of Making Hypothesis
        5.4.3 The Use of Other Strategies
    5.5 Hypothesis Testing
    5.6 Summary
Chapter Six Conclusion
    6.1 Introduction
    6.2 Major Findings
    6.3 Limitations
    6.4 Suggestions for Further Study
Bibliography
Appendix
攻研期間發(fā)表的學(xué)術(shù)論文
個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)況及聯(lián)系方式



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