【摘要】：本論文從認知語言學角度出發(fā)對漢英名詞動用現(xiàn)象進行對比研究。不管是在漢語還是英語中，名詞動用都是一種普遍的語言現(xiàn)象，是語言上的創(chuàng)新。 全文共六個章節(jié)。第一章緒論部分介紹名詞動用的基本概念，確定本文的寫作目的，并闡述選題緣由。第二章為文獻綜述，從語法、語用、認知、對比等四個視角對國內(nèi)外名詞動用的研究進行梳理，總結前人研究的特點和不足之處。第三章對名詞動用產(chǎn)生的原因進行探討，主要從語言因素、語用因素和認知因素等三個方面分析。從認知語言學的角度看來，語言能力和人類的認知能力、大腦思維活動密切相關，語言的使用本質(zhì)上是一種思維活動，是大腦認知機制作用的結果。名詞動用是人們?yōu)檫m應交際產(chǎn)生的一種語言創(chuàng)新現(xiàn)象，其本質(zhì)也是一種認知現(xiàn)象。因此，認知因素是名詞動用產(chǎn)生的最為本質(zhì)的原因。第四章以認知因素中的轉喻和隱喻理論為基礎，探討漢英名詞動用現(xiàn)象背后的理論依據(jù)。轉喻是名詞動用的基本認知機制，在認知語言學視角下，轉喻是基于人類自身體驗的一種概念認知機制。轉喻思維在話語生成與理解過程中發(fā)揮著重要的作用。名詞動用是事件圖式轉喻，理想化認知模型在轉喻的生成和理解過程中起著重要作用。根據(jù)理想化認知模型將名詞動用分為六大類，并舉例進行分析。名詞轉用為動詞的過程中，轉喻和隱喻是相互作用的關系。轉喻和隱喻是一個連續(xù)體，兩者之間并沒有明確的界限，分析了轉喻和隱喻在名詞動用中的互動表現(xiàn)。第五章對漢英名詞動用進行對比分析。首先對分類標準進行對比，主要以ClarkClark與Dirven兩人的分類標準為主；然后分析漢語和英語名詞動用現(xiàn)象的異同，重點分析兩者的差異之處，主要有四個方面。第六章為結論部分，總結本文的研究成果及意義，，提出今后名詞動用研究的前景。 本文的主要特點是運用認知語言學中的轉喻理論和隱喻理論，動態(tài)地考察漢英名詞動用現(xiàn)象，并對漢英名詞動用進行對比分析，以期達到提升對名詞動用現(xiàn)象和人類認知規(guī)律的認識，推動本領域以及相關領域的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:This paper makes a contrastive study on the use of Chinese and English nouns from the perspective of cognitive linguistics. In both Chinese and English, noun usage is a universal linguistic phenomenon and a linguistic innovation. The full text consists of six chapters. The first chapter introduces the basic concept of the use of nouns, determines the purpose of this article, and explains the reasons for choosing the topic. The second chapter is a literature review, from the grammatical, pragmatic, cognitive, contrastive and other four perspectives of the use of nouns at home and abroad to sort out, summarize the characteristics and shortcomings of previous studies. The third chapter discusses the causes of noun usage, mainly from three aspects: language factor, pragmatic factor and cognitive factor. From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, language ability is closely related to human cognitive ability and brain thinking activity. The use of language is essentially a kind of thinking activity, which is the result of the cognitive mechanism of the brain. Noun usage is a kind of language innovation phenomenon in order to adapt to communication, and its essence is also a cognitive phenomenon. Therefore, cognitive factor is the most essential reason for the use of nouns. Chapter four, based on metonymy and metaphor theory in cognitive factors, discusses the theoretical basis behind the use of Chinese and English nouns. Metonymy is the basic cognitive mechanism of the use of nouns. From the perspective of cognitive linguistics metonymy is a conceptual cognitive mechanism based on human experience. Metonymy plays an important role in the process of discourse generation and understanding. The use of nouns is event schema metonymy. Idealized cognitive model plays an important role in the formation and understanding of metonymy. According to the idealized cognitive model, nouns are divided into six categories and analyzed with examples. Metonymy and metaphor are interactive relations in the process of nouns being transferred to verbs. Metonymy and metaphor are a continuum. There is no clear boundary between metonymy and metaphor. The interaction between metonymy and metaphor in the use of nouns is analyzed. Chapter five makes a contrastive analysis of the use of Chinese and English nouns. First, the classification standards are compared, mainly based on the classification criteria of ClarkClark and Dirven, and then the similarities and differences between Chinese and English nouns are analyzed, with emphasis on the differences between them, mainly in four aspects. The sixth chapter is the conclusion part, summarizes the research achievement and significance of this paper, and puts forward the prospect of the research on the use of nomenclature in the future. The main features of this paper are the use of metonymy theory and metaphor theory in cognitive linguistics to dynamically investigate the phenomenon of noun use in Chinese and English, and to make a contrastive analysis of the use of nouns in Chinese and English. In order to promote the understanding of the phenomenon of noun use and human cognition, and to promote the development of this field and related fields.
【學位授予單位】：西安外國語大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146;H314

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