發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-27 06:45

【摘要】：張若虛的詩作《春江花月夜》曾被高度贊譽(yù)為“孤篇蓋全唐”。其語言中隱喻現(xiàn)象非常普遍,承載著豐富詩意、細(xì)膩的情感和深邃的哲理。以往對(duì)其隱喻的分析主要散見于文學(xué)、美學(xué)、哲學(xué)、音樂藝術(shù)鑒賞之中,但未加以系統(tǒng)研究,且僅將其視為詩人刻畫春江月色,探求人生哲理,抒發(fā)離愁別緒的一種文學(xué)修辭,而忽視了其認(rèn)知本質(zhì)。 從微觀上,作者嘗試了將認(rèn)知隱喻理論用于該詩作中隱喻現(xiàn)象的研究,包括對(duì)其分類、成因以及蘊(yùn)含的闡釋。經(jīng)分析,作者認(rèn)為根據(jù)句法特征該詩作中隱喻可大致分為動(dòng)詞性隱喻、形容詞、副詞性隱喻和名詞性隱喻。其中,動(dòng)詞性隱喻可細(xì)分為人體動(dòng)作和非人體動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞隱喻；形容詞、副詞性隱喻包括量、質(zhì)和態(tài)修飾詞隱喻；而名詞性隱喻則主要由月隱喻、水隱喻、花樹隱喻以及春隱喻組成。該詩作中隱喻的生成與理解主要依賴于詩人所選的詞語。漢字的詞源分析有助于解釋由所選詞語構(gòu)成的語義元素間的表層沖突,同時(shí)也利于深入挖掘隱喻的經(jīng)驗(yàn)根源,尤其是中國(guó)古代獨(dú)特的物質(zhì)、文化和社會(huì)背景。隱喻蘊(yùn)涵源于讀者基于經(jīng)驗(yàn)域之間的相似性對(duì)隱喻的解讀。具體而言,動(dòng)詞性隱喻是生命體的動(dòng)作域向非生命體動(dòng)作域的投射,因此讀者可以借助人體足部或手部動(dòng)作,抑或動(dòng)植物動(dòng)作來理解自然物的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律。形容詞、副詞性隱喻則是具體、可觸、有生命的物體域或其動(dòng)作域向抽象、不可觸、無生命的物體域或其動(dòng)作域的投射,這便于讀者以前者的量、質(zhì)、態(tài)來經(jīng)歷后者的量、質(zhì)、態(tài)。名詞性隱喻則是自然景觀域向情感哲理域的投射,他們具有意象性,且蘊(yùn)含著豐富的情感和哲理。 從宏觀上,作者發(fā)現(xiàn)詩歌隱喻的認(rèn)知分析實(shí)質(zhì)上是一個(gè)二元認(rèn)知過程,包括詩人對(duì)隱喻的構(gòu)建和讀者對(duì)隱喻蘊(yùn)含的理解。認(rèn)知隱喻法使得詩歌隱喻分析系統(tǒng)化,并突出了詩歌鑒賞的認(rèn)知本質(zhì),也增強(qiáng)了鑒賞尤其是詩歌詞匯和意象分析的靈活度和動(dòng)態(tài)性。 本文對(duì)《春江花月夜》隱喻的認(rèn)知研究,一方面,論證了隱喻認(rèn)知理論應(yīng)用于詩歌分析,尤其中國(guó)古典詩歌分析的可行性和有效性；另一方面,也升華了對(duì)詩歌隱喻分析的認(rèn)識(shí),探索了閱讀中國(guó)古典詩歌的獨(dú)特視角,從而有助于詩歌學(xué)習(xí)者突破傳統(tǒng)詩歌分析的規(guī)約性,更多地聯(lián)系人的經(jīng)驗(yàn)世界,拓展更廣闊的認(rèn)知視野。
[Abstract]:Zhang Ruoxu's poem, Spring River Flower Moon Night, was highly acclaimed as an isolated article covering the whole Tang Dynasty. Metaphor is very common in its language, bearing rich poetic, delicate emotion and profound philosophy. In the past, the analysis of its metaphors mainly appeared in the appreciation of literature, aesthetics, philosophy and music, but it was not systematically studied, and it was only regarded as a literary figure of speech in which poets depict the lunar color of the Spring River, seek the philosophy of life, and express their sorrowful moods. And ignore its cognitive nature. From a micro perspective, the author attempts to apply cognitive metaphor theory to the study of metaphor phenomena in the poem, including its classification, causes and interpretation of its implication. Based on the analysis, the author thinks that the metaphor in the poem can be divided into verb metaphor, adjective metaphor, adverb metaphor and nominal metaphor according to their syntactic features. Among them, verb metaphor can be subdivided into verb metaphor of human body action and non-human action, adjective, adverb metaphor includes quantitative, qualitative and state modifier metaphor. The nominal metaphor is mainly composed of moon metaphor, water metaphor, flower and tree metaphor and spring metaphor. The generation and understanding of metaphors in the poem mainly depend on the words chosen by the poet. The etymological analysis of Chinese characters helps to explain the surface conflict between semantic elements composed of selected words, and also helps to dig into the empirical roots of metaphor, especially the unique material, cultural and social background of ancient China. Metaphorical implication originates from the reader's interpretation of metaphor based on the similarity between experience domains. In particular, verb metaphor is the projection from the action domain of the living body to the action field of the non-living body, so the reader can understand the law of the movement of the natural object with the help of the human foot, the hand, or the animal and plant movements. Adjective, adverb metaphor is the projection of concrete, touchable, living object field or its action field to abstract, untouchable, inanimate object field or its action field, which is convenient for readers to experience the quantity and quality of the latter by the quantity, quality and state of the former. State. The nominal metaphor is the projection from the natural landscape domain to the emotional philosophical field. They are imago and rich in emotion and philosophy. From the macro perspective, the author finds that the cognitive analysis of poetic metaphor is essentially a dual cognitive process, including the poet's construction of metaphor and the reader's understanding of metaphorical implication. The cognitive metaphor method systematizes the metaphor analysis of poetry and highlights the cognitive nature of poetry appreciation. It also enhances the flexibility and dynamics of appreciation, especially the analysis of poetry vocabulary and image. On the one hand, this paper demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the application of metaphorical cognitive theory to poetry analysis, especially the analysis of Chinese classical poetry. On the other hand, it also sublimates the understanding of metaphor analysis of poetry and explores the unique perspective of reading Chinese classical poetry, which will help poetry learners break through the convention of traditional poetry analysis and make more contacts in the experiential world. Expand a broader cognitive horizon.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：I207.22;H15

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