【摘要】：“至于”是一個使用頻率高而且用法比較復雜的詞,本文把“至于”位于謂語結(jié)構(gòu)中的句子叫動詞性“至于”句并以現(xiàn)代漢語中的動詞性“至于”句為研究對象,從語形特點、語義特點以及語用特點三個方面進行全面地分析,總結(jié)動詞性“至于”句的結(jié)構(gòu)特點并指導其應用。 全文由三大部分組成,即引言、主體和結(jié)語。引言部分介紹了本文的研究對象、研究思路與方法、研究現(xiàn)狀以及語料來源。主體部分分別從語形、語義和語用三個方面對現(xiàn)代漢語動詞性“至于”句及其否定形式進行探討。結(jié)語部分對本文的內(nèi)容進行概括總結(jié)并指出了本文的不足之處。 現(xiàn)代漢語動詞性“至于”句在生活中應用十分廣泛,對它進行詳細的研究不僅能夠提高我們對其結(jié)構(gòu)和功能的認識水平,而且有助于我們更加合理的運用。通過研究我們發(fā)現(xiàn)：動詞“至于”可以用于陳述句、疑問句和感嘆句,其中,在陳述句中出現(xiàn)的頻率最高。動詞“至于”的一個顯著的特點就是用于反問句中,在傳遞信息的同時表達了說話者強烈的感情色彩,多用于口語交際中。“至于”可以用在句首、句中與句末,我們結(jié)合其前加成分與后附成分對“至于”的這三種用法分別進行了研究�！爸劣凇钡恼Z義特征有狀態(tài)性、程度性、時間義、量度義和語義虛化,“至于”句的語義類型可以分為兩種：一種是發(fā)生了某種行為或出現(xiàn)了某種狀況——這種行為或狀況產(chǎn)生了一種結(jié)果——這個結(jié)果達到了某種很高的程度——導致了另一行為的發(fā)生或者另一狀況的出現(xiàn)；另一種是某種現(xiàn)象或情況出現(xiàn)或者發(fā)生了——某人對這一現(xiàn)象或情況作出了反應——說話人認為這個反應不合乎常理,因此使用“至于……嗎?”反問句式或“至于……嘛!”感嘆句式表達自己的不贊同�！爸劣凇本溆袕娬{(diào)程度功能、焦點回指功能、主觀評價功能。動詞性“至于”句的最主要的否定形式是“不至于”句�！安恢劣凇蹦軌蚺c連詞、副詞、助詞等共現(xiàn),可用于陳述句、疑問句和感嘆句中,但有時界限模糊不易區(qū)分�！安恢劣凇本湟话惚硎菊f話人不希望發(fā)生的事情。
[Abstract]:"as" is a word with high frequency and complicated usage, this paper refers to "as to the sentence located in the predicate structure as verb" and "sentence and takes the verb nature in modern Chinese" as the object of study, according to the morphological characteristics of the sentence. This paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the semantic and pragmatic features, summarizes the structural characteristics of the verb "Zuan" sentence and instructs its application. The thesis consists of three parts: introduction, subject and conclusion. The introduction introduces the research object, research ideas and methods, research status and corpus sources. The main part probes into the verb "as" sentence and its negative form in modern Chinese from three aspects: form, semantics and pragmatics. The conclusion part summarizes the content of this paper and points out the deficiency of this paper. Modern Chinese verb "as" sentence is widely used in daily life. A detailed study of it can not only improve our understanding of its structure and function, but also help us to use it more reasonably. We find that the verb "as" can be used in declarative sentences, interrogative sentences and exclamatory sentences, in which the highest frequency is found in declarative sentences. A prominent feature of the verb "as to" is that it conveys the speaker's strong emotional color while conveying information in rhetorical sentences, and is often used in oral communication. "as" can be used at the beginning, in the sentence and at the end of the sentence. The semantic features of "as for" are stateful, degree, temporal, measurement and semantic nihilization. The semantic types of "as to" sentences can be divided into two categories: one is the occurrence of a certain behavior or a situation that produces an outcome that has reached a certain high level of derivation The occurrence of another act or condition; The other is the occurrence or occurrence of a phenomenon or condition to which a person has reacted and the speaker considers the reaction to be unreasonable and therefore uses "as." "?" Ask the sentence or "as for". " An exclamatory sentence expresses one's disapproval. The sentence has the function of degree of emphasis, the function of focus anaphora and the function of subjective evaluation. The most important form of negation of the verb sentence is "not". "not" can coexist with conjunctions, adverbs, auxiliary words and so on, and can be used in declarative, interrogative and exclamatory sentences, but sometimes the line is blurred. The phrase "unapt" generally means something the speaker does not want to happen.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146

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本文編號：2276397